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Mineral Contents Of Native Bluestem Pastures, L.H. Harbers, J.E. Umoh, D.A. Raiten, V.K. Chaffin
Mineral Contents Of Native Bluestem Pastures, L.H. Harbers, J.E. Umoh, D.A. Raiten, V.K. Chaffin
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Handclipped and esophageal samples of burned and control native bluestem pastures were taken monthly. Burning increased phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) and decreased iron (Fe). These studies indicate that burned and unburned pastures need to be supplemented with potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and possibly phosphorus (P) during late fall and winter. A supply of sodium (Na) is necessary continuously.
Effect Of Using One Versus Two Growth-Promoting Implants During The Suckling Period On The Weaning Weights Of Nursing Calves, L.R. Corah, R.T. Wary, F. Schwartz, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles
Effect Of Using One Versus Two Growth-Promoting Implants During The Suckling Period On The Weaning Weights Of Nursing Calves, L.R. Corah, R.T. Wary, F. Schwartz, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three trials were conducted to study the effect on calf weight gains from using two 36-mg. Ralgro implants during the suckling period. Two Ralgro implants 60 to 90 days apart improved the average weight gain during the suckling period by 39.4, 43, and 46.6 pounds for the three trials. A single Ralgro implant improved suckling gains by 33.5, 22.1, 28.4 and 27.9 lbs. for the four test groups. Ralgro implants used at birth gave the same response as when first used when calves were 4 months old. A 15-mg. DES implant used in trial one improved suckling gains 23.4 lbs. …
Following Half-Season Intensive Grazing On Native Pasture With Alfalfa Or Sudangrass Grazing And/Or Feedlot Finishing, R.M. Helsel, Gerry L. Posler, Jack G. Riley, E.F. Smith, G.M. Ward
Following Half-Season Intensive Grazing On Native Pasture With Alfalfa Or Sudangrass Grazing And/Or Feedlot Finishing, R.M. Helsel, Gerry L. Posler, Jack G. Riley, E.F. Smith, G.M. Ward
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Late summer grazing of alfalfa or sudangrass by cattle coming off half-season, double-stocked native grazing showed no advantage over immediate feedlot finishing. Late-summer grazers gained less in the feedlot and required about the same feeding period as those animals taken to the feedlots in midsummer.
Protein Supplementation For Cows Wintered On Milo Stubble, M. Mckee, K. Kimole, L.R. Corah
Protein Supplementation For Cows Wintered On Milo Stubble, M. Mckee, K. Kimole, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Cows in mid-to-late gestation gained significantly (P<.05) more while grazing milo stover supplemented on alternative days with 4 lbs. per head of a natural protein than cows with no protein supplement. Although protein supplementation stimulated extra gain, the cows receiving no protein supplement gained weight and maintained adequate condition for mid-to-late gestation. When quality and quantity of milo stover are satisfactory, satisfactory performance can be achieved by cows in mid-to-late gestation without supplemental protein.
Sudangrass, Sorghum-Sudan, Forage Sorghum, And Corn Silages And Three Protein Levels For Growing Yearling Steers, W. Thompson, J. Oltjen, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, Jack G. Riley
Sudangrass, Sorghum-Sudan, Forage Sorghum, And Corn Silages And Three Protein Levels For Growing Yearling Steers, W. Thompson, J. Oltjen, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Sudangrass, sorghum-sudan, forage sorghum, and corn silages were full-fed to yearling steers for 70-or 91-day growing periods. For both periods, steers fed corn silage outperformed steers fed any other silage. In the 70-day period silages from both sudangrass and sorghum-sudan cut at 45- and 60-inch plant heights, respectively, supported performance similar to forage sorghum silage. For both periods steers fed sorghum-sudan (dough) silage gained slowest and least efficiently. For the 91-day period, rations containing 12.0% crude protein supported better performance than rations containing 10.5 or 9% protein and 10.5% protein rations supported better performance than 9% protein rations.
Results From One And Two Implants Compared With Yearling Cattle On Summer Pasture, R. Pruitt, A. Fleck, E.F. Smith, L. Corah, Clenton E. Owensby
Results From One And Two Implants Compared With Yearling Cattle On Summer Pasture, R. Pruitt, A. Fleck, E.F. Smith, L. Corah, Clenton E. Owensby
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Reimplanting Ralgro in mid-July after implanting in late April did not improve daily summer gains compared to a single implant.
Effect Of Age And Type Of Testosterone Treatment On Cows Used For Heat Detection, G.N. Laaser, G.H. Kiracofe, M.D. Heekin, H.S. Ward, Kenneth G. Odde
Effect Of Age And Type Of Testosterone Treatment On Cows Used For Heat Detection, G.N. Laaser, G.H. Kiracofe, M.D. Heekin, H.S. Ward, Kenneth G. Odde
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twelve cows were given a preliminary treatment of testosterone proprionate and were used to help us detect other cows in heat. We used two types of testosterone booster treatments to maintain male sex behavior in both age groups of cows. Two cows from each treatment or age group were paired and placed with 40 or 60 cows for 30 to 50 days. Two hundred forty-nine cows were observed in heat and 240 (96.4%) were marked by the detector cows. In this experiment, testosterone proprionate boosters maintained cows as heat detectors more effectively than testosterone enanthate boosters.
Wheat, Barley, And Oat Silages For Beef Cattle, K. Bolsen, J. Oltjen
Wheat, Barley, And Oat Silages For Beef Cattle, K. Bolsen, J. Oltjen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Wheat, barley, or oat silages can provide excellent alternatives to corn and sorghum silages for beef cattle. Wheat, barley, oat, and corn silages were fed to steers in seven trials for the past five years (Prog. Rpt. 210, 230, 262 and 291, Kansas Agr. Expt. Sta.). The forages were whole plant and had been harvested in the dough state except as indicated. Silage was made in concrete silos (10 x 50 feet). When necessary, water was added to provide a moisture content of at least 60% in the ensiled forage. Cereal silage varieties included soft red winter, awnless wheats, Blue …
Utilizing Wheat Straw And Wheat Tailings With Beef Cows, B. Peverley, L. Corah, M. Mckee
Utilizing Wheat Straw And Wheat Tailings With Beef Cows, B. Peverley, L. Corah, M. Mckee
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ninety-one Simmental-Hereford and Hereford cows in early gestation were used to compare three rations in a 106-day trial: (1) wheat straw, (2) wheat tailings, and (3) soaked wheat straw. Each was fed to groups of lactation and nonlactating cows. Cows fed the soaked wheat straw and those fed wheat tailings out-gained those on wheat straw by 28 and 16.7 pounds, respectively. All cows' condition score decreased during the trial period. Two-year-old heifers did not perform as well as the mature cows on the straw rations. Dry cows out-gained the lactating cows on both straw and tailing rations.
Effect Of Post-Partum Breeding Interval On Conception Rates In Beef Cows, G.H. Kiracofe, Kenneth G. Odde
Effect Of Post-Partum Breeding Interval On Conception Rates In Beef Cows, G.H. Kiracofe, Kenneth G. Odde
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We analyzed date on 1536 fall calving Angus cows to determine the effect of post-partum breeding interval on conception rates in beef cows. Normal fertility was observed for cows showing heat 40 or more days post-partum.
Milo Stover, Forage Sorghum, And Protein Levels Compared For Growing Calves, K. Bolsen, J. Oltjen, H. Ilg
Milo Stover, Forage Sorghum, And Protein Levels Compared For Growing Calves, K. Bolsen, J. Oltjen, H. Ilg
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Milo stover silage, baled silo stover or forage sorghum silage was fed in 10, 12, or 14% protein rations to 120 calves in a 95-day growing trial, December 9, 1976, to March 14, 1977. Calves fed forage sorghum silage outperformed those fed milo stover silage or baled milo stover. Ensiled and baled milo stover supported similar performances. Calves fed 10% protein gained slower and less efficiently than those fed 12 or 14% protein. Observed gain and efficiency for a ration containing equal parts of milo stover silage and forage sorghum silage exceeded predicted gain and efficiency by 7.8% and 15.4%, …
Factors Influencing Sickness At Central Bull Test Station, D.S. O'Banion, K.O. Zoellner, R.R. Schalles
Factors Influencing Sickness At Central Bull Test Station, D.S. O'Banion, K.O. Zoellner, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Pre-test management was studied on 351 bulls from 54 herds that were tested at the Kansas Bull Test Station at Beloit, Kansas. Charolais, Hereford, Polled Hereford, and Simmental bulls were sick more days than Angus or Limousin between delivery and start of test. Starting ages and weight correlated significantly with sickness. Bulls sick the least had been vaccinated with BVD, IBR, PI3, Pasturella, Blackleg, malignant edema, and lepto before arriving for test.
Weaning Calves Early From Drylot, M. Mckee, G. Fink
Weaning Calves Early From Drylot, M. Mckee, G. Fink
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Percentage Simmental and Hereford calves gained slightly more (13 lbs./hd) while nursing their mothers than 83 herd mates that were weaned early at 49 (+27) days of age. Percentage Simmental cows whose calves were weaned early had a higher conception rate than percentage Simmental cows that nursed calves (93% vs. 89%) Dams of calves weaned early rebred 17.6 days sooner than nursing dams.
Effects On Carcass Traits Of Beef Ration Energy Level And Length Of Feeding, Dell M. Allen, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, A.R. Harrison, B.E. Brent, Jack G. Riley, Curtis L. Kastner
Effects On Carcass Traits Of Beef Ration Energy Level And Length Of Feeding, Dell M. Allen, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, A.R. Harrison, B.E. Brent, Jack G. Riley, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used 150 Angus yearling steers of similar background from the Livestock and Meat Industry Council cattle-flow project. Each was assigned to one of the 12 treatments (10 per treatment) involving low-, medium-, and high-energy rations (calculation to supply 34, 45, and 58 megacalories per 100 lbs. ration for net energy of production). Times on rations were 56, 91, 119, 147, and 175 days. Ten steers were fed a submaintenance ration of prairie hay 28 days before slaughter, and 10 served as controls (slaughtered when study started).
Carcass Characteristics, Palatability, And Shelf Life Of Beef Finished On Selected Feeding Regimes, Dell M. Allen, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, V. Chen, O. Corte, G.H. Gutowski, A.R. Harrison, C. Kuntapanit, J.D. Thomas, M.E. Mccurry (Smith)
Carcass Characteristics, Palatability, And Shelf Life Of Beef Finished On Selected Feeding Regimes, Dell M. Allen, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, V. Chen, O. Corte, G.H. Gutowski, A.R. Harrison, C. Kuntapanit, J.D. Thomas, M.E. Mccurry (Smith)
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This report terminates a 3-year study and includes data from this past year. Previous results were reported in the 1976 and '77 Cattlemen's Day Report.
Predicting Cattle Performance From Mathematical Models, B.E. Brent, A. Chestnut, P. George
Predicting Cattle Performance From Mathematical Models, B.E. Brent, A. Chestnut, P. George
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Tables based on a mathematical model are presented that allow cost of gains by steers at various weights to be calculated. An example illustrate how to use the tables to help with economic decisions.
Forage And Grain Yields And Forage Composition Of Barley, Wheat, And Oats, J. Oltjen, K. Bolsen, W. Moore
Forage And Grain Yields And Forage Composition Of Barley, Wheat, And Oats, J. Oltjen, K. Bolsen, W. Moore
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We harvested barley, wheat and oat varieties at the dough stage. Average yields in tons of 65% moisture forage/acre were 9.3 (barley), 10.2 (hard wheat), 9.5 (soft wheat), and 10.0 (oats). Barley variety yields varied most because of winter kill. Barley forages were the most digestible; oats, the least digestible. Crude fiber and grain contents of the forages were highly correlated with digestibility. Barley yielded highest in digestible dry matter, but hard wheat yields were more consistent from year to year.
Fate Of Calcium Crystals In Alfalfa Fed To Cattle, L.H. Harbers, G.M. Ward
Fate Of Calcium Crystals In Alfalfa Fed To Cattle, L.H. Harbers, G.M. Ward
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Calcium crystals were located in parallel rows surrounding vascular bundles in alfalfa leaves and under the epidermis of alfalfa stems. The crystals remain intact on vascular bundles in the rumen. Most crystals are dislodged in fecal matter, and free crystals can be recovered. These data support previous work here showing that calcium from alfalfa may be less available to ruminants than previously thought.
Effect Of Energy Level During Late Gestation On The Performance Of Heifers Calving For The First Time (3 Year Summary), L.R. Corah, A. Fleck, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles
Effect Of Energy Level During Late Gestation On The Performance Of Heifers Calving For The First Time (3 Year Summary), L.R. Corah, A. Fleck, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Effect of varying energy levels fed during gestation on reproduction and calf performance were studied in three trials involving 266 first calf heifers. Reducing energy during mid-gestation did not adversely affect the performance of the heifers when they were fed properly for at least 50 days before calving. Heifers on restricted levels of energy during mid-gestation and then elevated tended to have both higher first-service conception rates and total conception rates. Restricting energy throughout the gestation period reduced reproductive performance, causing lighter calves at birth and weaning emphasizing the importance of energy in the diet of first calf heifers.
Effects Of Soybean Oil And Corn Oil Alone Or In Combination With Rumensin®, On Methane And Vfa Production, In Vitro, Jack G. Riley, S.L. Newby
Effects Of Soybean Oil And Corn Oil Alone Or In Combination With Rumensin®, On Methane And Vfa Production, In Vitro, Jack G. Riley, S.L. Newby
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Soybean oil or corn oil when fed at 0, 2, 4, or 6% of the ration did not significantly reduce methane production or alter the ratios of volatile fatty acids. Soybean oil was superior to corn oil in reducing methane, and soybean oil, produced a more desirable acetate:propionate ratio. Rumensin was compared at levels simulating 0, 15, and 30 grams per ton of complete ration. Rumensin at either concentration significantly reduced methane and significantly improved the acetate:propionate ratio.
Feeding Monensin To Yearling Cattle On Summer Grass, E.F. Smith, R. Pruitt, Jack G. Riley, L. Corah, Clenton E. Owensby
Feeding Monensin To Yearling Cattle On Summer Grass, E.F. Smith, R. Pruitt, Jack G. Riley, L. Corah, Clenton E. Owensby
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The feed additive, Monensin, was self-fed in a feed block to yearling cattle on summer pasture. Consumption of the block (0.29 lb. daily) supplied 116 mg. of Monensin daily, which failed to improve the cattle's performance.
Feeding Cull Beef Cows In Feedlots, Jack G. Riley
Feeding Cull Beef Cows In Feedlots, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
I conducted two trails during 1977 using 115 cows culled from KSU cow herds. Dry cows on lush brome grass gained 1.5 pounds per head per day. Those on a 60% concentrate ration average 2.2 pounds/day; those on 80% concentrate ration, 3.7 pounds/hd/day. The cull, dry cows ate between 23 and 30 pounds of dry matter/day. Cows fed during the Dec. 15-Feb. 15 trial required 2.5 lbs. more dry matter per pound of gain than cows fed during the May 17-June 21 trial. Fastest and most efficient gains were from the 80% concentrate rations. Length of feeding period should coincide …
Effect Of Aureomycin And Rumensin On Performance Of Finishing Heifers, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Effect Of Aureomycin And Rumensin On Performance Of Finishing Heifers, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used 210 yearling Hereford heifers to evaluate the efficacy of Aureomycin and Rumensin fed alone and in combination. Each product is cleared by the FDA for use in feedlot rations as an individual feed additive, however, additional clearance must be obtained to use the two products in combination in the same ration. Aureomycin effectively controlled live abscessed, and Rumensin improve feed efficiency by 8.7%.
Effect Of Ronnel® On Performance Of Feedlot Steers, Jack G. Riley, D. Tobyne
Effect Of Ronnel® On Performance Of Feedlot Steers, Jack G. Riley, D. Tobyne
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used 180 yearling Hereford and Angus x Hereford crossbred steers averaging 643 pounds in a 139-day, feedlot trial to evaluate steer performance when the systemic grub control pesticide Ronnel was fed at 5 levels; 1, 16, 32, 64 and 128 grams per ton of complete feed. Runnel increased daily feed intake an average of 2.5%; 64 grams/ton produced gains 8.5% faster and 5.8% more efficiently than the controls (0 Ronnel) and was the most beneficial dose. No significant differences were observed in carcass traits. This product is presently not cleared for use in feedlot cattle.
Response Of Yearling Cattle To Burning And Fertilizing Bluestem Pasture And Intensively Stocking Early, E.F. Smith, B. Schalles, L. Harbers, R. Pruitt, Clenton E. Owensby
Response Of Yearling Cattle To Burning And Fertilizing Bluestem Pasture And Intensively Stocking Early, E.F. Smith, B. Schalles, L. Harbers, R. Pruitt, Clenton E. Owensby
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Long term (28 years) annual, late spring burning of bluestem pasture produced the most daily gain of all pasture treatments but not significantly more than stocking intensively early. Nitrogen applied to a late-spring-burned pasture did not significantly increase daily cattle gains over those from a similarly burned pasture not fertilized. But the nitrogen increased gain per acre by increasing carrying capacity of the pasture. Performance of animals on pasture stocked at twice the normal rate the first half of the season (intensive stocking early) did not differ from performance under normal stocking (burned with no nitrogen added) for the entire …
Sources Of Forage Adjusted To Temperature Changes For Wintering Cows In Drylot, M. Mckee, K. Kimple, D.R. Ames, C.L. Willms, L.R. Corah
Sources Of Forage Adjusted To Temperature Changes For Wintering Cows In Drylot, M. Mckee, K. Kimple, D.R. Ames, C.L. Willms, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Cows in mid-to-late gestation gained weight when fed either milo stover silage or alfalfa hay-wheat straw but lost weight when the forage source was milo-stover bales. When supplemented with additional corn grain as temperature decreased, cows receiving milo stover stilage or alfalfa hay-wheat straw gained more eight, and cows receiving milo stover bales lost less weight than cows receiving the same forages but fed to NRC (1976) requirements.
Evaluating The Breeding Potential Of Yearling Bulls (Progress Report), L. Corah, G. Kiracofe, V. Bridson, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles
Evaluating The Breeding Potential Of Yearling Bulls (Progress Report), L. Corah, G. Kiracofe, V. Bridson, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Although this is based on only ones years' results, it indicates that the breeding potential of yearling bulls can be determined before they are run with a cow herd. In this test one bull sired the majority of the calves and generally was the bull predetermined to be the active breeder. Results of the test suggest that a good, active, breeding yearling bull is capable of breeding more than 12 to 15 cows as is normally recommended. In our studies, one yearling bull sired up to 36 calves in a 45-day breeding season. Possible adverse effects of using a yearling …
The Concept Of Adjusting Energy Level In Maintenance Rations For Cold Weather, D.R. Ames
The Concept Of Adjusting Energy Level In Maintenance Rations For Cold Weather, D.R. Ames
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Nutrient requirements for domestic animals (NRC) published by the National Research Council are the best estimates available. For beef cattle, specific tables are listed for animals of different weights and for various stages of the production cycle. Although these values are useful for many situations, there are instances when they should be adjusted. One needed adjustment is energy requirement for maintenance when cattle are exposed to cold and rate of heat production must increase to compensate for increased heat loss. The two factors that determine the rate of heat loss are: (1) the differences between body temperature and environmental temperature, …