Life Sciences Commons^™

Wetlands Evaluation And Management In Virginia, Eileen L. Shea, N. Bartlett Theberge

Reports

Complex biotic communities which have lately been recognized as being of vital importance to aquatic and upland ecosystems have evolved at Virginia's land-water interface. Most obvious are the beaches and vast intertidal stands of halophytic (salt-tolerant) plants on the periphery of the Atlantic Ocean, Chesapeake Bay and their subordinate estuaries. Less obvious, but no less important, are nonvegetated intertidal flats and coastal freshwater marshes. Inland swamps and freshwater marshes complete the inventory; though more limited in extent than their coastal analog. Complex biotic communities which have lately been recognized as being of vital importance to aquatic and upland ecosystems have …

Hydrography And Hydrodynamics Of Virginia Estuaries. Xvii, Mathematical Ecosystem Modeling Study Of The York River, P. V. Hyer, A. Y. Kuo, C. S. Fang, W. J. Hargis Jr.

Reports

The York River drainage basin is rural, with an economy based on farming, logging, fishing and recreation. Water quality conditions are generally good, with low chlorophyll and nutrients and low fecal coliform counts. Dissolved oxygen concentrations are high except for periodic deoxygenation of the water deeper than 8 m in the reach extending 10 km upstream of the mouth.

A quasi-three dimensional tidal average model was constructed and calibrated using intensive field data collected in June and July, 1976 and verified using slack water run data from September, 1976. The model components are: salinity, fecal coliform, chlorophyll, CBOD, dissolved oxygen, …

Serologic And Hematologic Values Of Bison In Colorado, Edward O. Keith, James Ellis, Robert W. Phillips, Maxine M. Benjamin

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Recent economic and aesthetic interest in North American bison (Bison bison) has lead to increased interstate transport of these animals. Serologic and hematologic standards for bison are needed to detect disease in transported animals as well as within herds. This paper describes variation in blood physiological parameters in bison caused by variations in diet and season. Blood was taken from six bison and analyzed for serologic and hematologic parameters. Significant variation was found in blood urea nitrogen, chloride, cholesterol, creatinine, eosinophil, glucose, hemoglobin, lactic dehydrogenase, leukocyte, packed cell volume, potassium, serum globulin, serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, SGPT, and …

A 200 Year Record Of Carbon-13 And Carbon-14 Variations In A Bermuda Coral, Y. Nozaki, D. M. Rye, K. K. Turekian, Richard E. Dodge

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

A 200 year old brain coral, captured in Bermuda in 1976 was slabbed and x-rayed. Using the annual growth bands sequential, dated samples were taken over the entire growth period of the coral and analyzed for Δ¹⁴C, δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O. During the past 80 years atmospheric variations in Δ¹⁴C and δ¹³C due to human effects, such as release of bomb C-14 and dilution of both C-14 and C-13 by fossil fuel burning, are closely tracked by the coral. Prior to 1900 divergences between the coral and tree Δ¹⁴C …

Disinfection Efficiency And Relative Toxicity Of Chlorine And Bromine Chloride: A Pilot Plant Study In An Estuarine Environment, Norman E. Leblanc, Morris H. Roberts

Reports

The present study was conducted by the Virginia Interagency Task Force on Chlorine to compare the relative merits of bromine chloride and chlorine as wastewater disinfectants. Operational and disinfection qualities of both halogens and the relative toxicities of the treated effluents were studied in a pilot scale system. Three specific objectives were pursued; 1. an evaluation of the relative disinfection capabilities of the two halogens; 2. an assessment of the toxicity of each effluent stream to juvenile spot; and 3. an analysis of the halogenated organics produced in treated and disinfected effluent. The results of studies directed at the first …

A Storm Surge Model Study: Volume Ii A Finite Element Storm Surge Analysis And Its Application To A Bay-Ocean System, H. S. Chen

Reports

No abstract provided.

Zoogeography Of Tropical Western Atlantic Crinoidea (Echinodermata), David L. Meyer, Charles G. Messing, Donald B. Macurda Jr.

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Recent collections of crinoids from the intertidal zone to 1,650 m in the tropical western Atlantic have provided significant range extensions for more than half of the 44 comatulid and stalked species known from the region. Of the 34 comatulid species, over 60% are endemic to the region; of the 10 stalked species, 90% are endemic. At the familial level, this fauna has its strongest affinities with the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Comatulids are most abundant above 300 m, while stalked species occur primarily between 100 and 700 m. Species that occur primarily above 600 m (the deepest penetration of the …

Mercury, Copper, And Zinc In Selected Ichthyofauna Of Lower Chesapeake Bay And Hampton Roads, Virginia, W. Bruce Aitenhead

OES Theses and Dissertations

Anchovys, croaker, spat, summer flounder and hogchokers were collected monthly to seasonally from November 1972 to October 1973 at three locations in the southern Chesapeake Bay region of Virginia.

The concentrations of mercury, copper and zinc were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in whole fishes. Metal concentration varied with species and location. Anchovys had the highest mean concentrations of mercury and zinc while hog- chokers had the highest mean copper concentration. Mercury levels exceeding O.5 ppm were observed in species from all three loca- tions, but maximum heavy metal concentrations per species were highest in Craney Island fishes.

Temporal variations …

A Storm Surge Model Study: Volume I Storm Surge Height-Frequency Analysis And Model Prediction For Chesapeake Bay, John D. Boon, C. S. Welch, H. S. Chen, R. J. Lukens

Reports

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of The Demersal Fish Community Of A Deep-Sea Radioactive Dump Site (Results Of Cruise Epa-7801, R/V Advance Ii, 21-27 June 1978), John A. Musick, Kenneth J. Sulak

Reports

The present report describes the demersal fish fauna collected by otter trawl from RV Advance II on cruise EPA-7801 in the vicinity of a radioactive waste disposal site (R.D.S.) located at a depth of about 3900 m, approximately 200 miles due east of the Virginia coast (Figs. 1, 2). Because the sampling· effort at the R.D.S. was restricted by time and funding, the limited data base accrued from there was analyzed and compared with a much larger data set collected during previous deep-sea trawling studies using the same trawl gear.

Report Of The National Blue Crab Industry Workshop: September 10-11, 1977 Charleston, South Carolina, Raymond J. Rhodes, W. A. Van Engel

Reports

The National Blue Crab Industry Workshop was held on September 10-11, 1977 at the South Carolina Marine Resources Center of the South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department in Charleston, South Carolina. The workshop was organized to address the blue crab industry's major problem areas and stimulate innovative thinking for improving productivity. The problems faced by the blue crab industry are not necessarily unique compared to other food industries; consequently, methodology to mitigate these problems will probably be transferred from other industries. Much of what was discussed in the technology corrnnittees has been faced by other industries, although recent food …

Bacterial Depuration By The American Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica) Under Controlled Conditions. Vol. 2. Practical Considerations And Plant Design, Bruce J. Neilson, Dexter S. Haven, Frank O. Perkins, Reinaldo Morales-Alamo, Martha W. Rhodes

Reports

No abstract provided.

Bacterial Depuration By The American Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica) Under Controlled Conditions. Vol. 1. Biological And Technical Studies, Dexter S. Haven, Frank O. Perkins, Reinaldo Morales-Alamo, Martha W. Rhode

Reports

No abstract provided.

Biology And Identification Of Rays In The Chesapeake Bay, Joseph W. Smith, J. V. Merriner

Reports

No abstract provided.

Elizabeth River Water Quality Report, Bruce J. Neilson, Susan C. Strum

Reports

No abstract provided.

Final Report On Water Quality Studies Of The Hampton Roads Area, Bruce J. Neilson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Number 6 (February 1978), W. C. Starnes, L. B. Barnes

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

Status Report on a New and Threatened Species of Phoxinus from the Upper Cumberland Drainage. By W.C. Starnes and L.B. Starnes, plus News Notes, 4 pp.

News Notes, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Hydrodynamic And Biogeochemical Water Quality Models Of Hampton Roads, H. S. Chen

Reports

No abstract provided.

Guidelines For Zooplankton Sampling In Quantitative Baseline And Monitoring Programs, Fred Jacobs, George C. Grant

Reports

Methods applicable to zooplankton sampling and analysis in quantitative baseline and monitoring surveys are evaluated and summarized. Specific recommendations by managers must take into account characteristics of the water mass under investigation, the abundance of contained zooplankton and phytoplankton populations and the objectives of the study. Realistic planning and development must also consider available monetary and manpower resources.

Phytoplankton Sampling In Quantitative Baseline And Monitoring Programs, Paul E. Stofan, George C. Grant

Reports

An overview of phytoplankton sampling and analysis methods as they apply to quantitative baseline and monitoring surveys is provided. A need for inclusion of a preliminary field survey of the area under investigation and of flexibility in sampling design is stressed. An extensive bibliography pertinent to phytoplankton sampling and analysis is included in the report.

Status Report On A New And Threatened Species Of Phoxinus From The Upper Cumberland Drainage, Wayne C. Starnes, Lynn B. Starnes

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Ecological Study Of The Tidal Segment Of The James River Encompassing Hog Point : 1977 Final Technical Report, R. A. Jordan, P. A. Goodwin, R. K. Carpenter, C. E. Sutton, J. V. Merriner, A. D. Estes, R. K. Dias

Reports

• Section I: CONTENTS River Biota Studies at the VEPCO Surry Nuclear Power Station by R. A. Jordan, P. A. Goodwin, R. K. Carpenter, and C. E. Sutton
• Section Ila: Plant Entrainment of Ichthyoplankton at the VEPCO Nuclear Power Plant by J. V. Merriner, A. D. Estes, and R. K. Dias
• Section lIb: Thermal Plume Entrainment of Ichthyoplankton at VEPCO Nuclear Power Station by J. V. Merriner, A. D. Estes, and R. K. Dias

Amphilochidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) From The Western Gulf Of Mexico And Caribbean Sea, L.D. Mckinney

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Two new species of Amphilochus, Amphilochus casahoya and Amphilochus delacaya, and one new species of Gitanopsis, Gitanopsis laguna, are described. Relationships within these genera, particularly Amphilochus, are difficult to determine. The new species, however, are similar to some eastern Pacific forms. One known species, Amphilochus neapolitanus is also reported as occurring in both the Gulf and Caribbean.

Factors Associated With Accuracy In Sampling Fish Eggs And Larvae, R. R. Bowles, J. V. Merriner, G. C. Grant

Reports

Ichthyoplankton sampling gear is reviewed and evaluated with emphasis on power plant impact assessment. Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on gear accuracy are discussed. Difficulties associated with obtaining representative samples from patchy population distributions are acknowledged. A listing of commonly used sampling gear has been compiled and indexed by ecosystem. Meter nets and variations of meter nets are the most widely used gear for sampling fish eggs and larvae. Comparative gear evaluation has been performed based on information compiled in the report. Although the diversity of habitats and the great number of relatively important species makes summarization difficult, the …

A Revision Of The Comatulid Genus Comactinia A. H. Clark (Crinoidea: Echinodermata), Charles G. Messing

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The formerly monotypic genus Comactinia is found to comprise two valid species. One of these is further divided into two subspecies. The variability of the genus is examined and illustrated. A discussion of ecology, affinities, and zoogeography is included.

Food Of The Atlantic Croaker, Micropogonias Undulatus, From Mississippi Sound And The Gulf Of Mexico, Robin M. Overstreet, Richard W. Heard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The diet of the Atlantic croaker from Mississippi Sound has been examined for the first time. Over 83 taxa were encountered, or more than were reported from croaker in any other region. We also found 60 taxa, 36 of which overlapped with the above, in croaker from various offshore stations in the Gulf of Mexico. In Mississippi Sound the frequency of occurrence of items revealed primarily crustaceans followed by polychaetes, molluscs, fishes, and less common items, and, in the open Gulf, molluscs appeared slightly more often than in inshore croaker and than polychaetes in offshore fish. The diets were assessed …

Classification Of Mississippi Sound As To Estuary Hydrological Type, Charles K. Eleuterius

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Mississippi Sound is classified as to estuary hydrological type by the method of Pritchard (1955). Differences in salinity between surface and near-bottom water were calculated from 2,401 pairs of observations made at 90 stations from 4 April 1973 to 12 April 1977. Frequency distribution tables, constructed by tallying the vertical salinity differences into three classes corresponding to three of Pritchard's estuary types (A, stratified; B, partially mixed; D, well mixed) were used to assess salinity structure of the water column. The greatest variation as to type occurred from January through June. From July through December, the water column becomes predominately …

The Structure Of Macrofaunal Assemblages Inhabiting An Intertidal Sandflat In Tomales Bay, California, Jay Charles Carroll

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Confronted with a diverse sandflat community of interacting organisms and a spectrum of physical forces, a meaningful community analysis should begin with a description of physical characteristics and faunal distributions over time. The functional importance of certain species in the community should then be investigated by using both field and laboratory experiments. Consequently, the purpose of this research was twofold: (1) to apply the methods of similarity and gradient analysis to describe the faunal gradation on an intertidal sandflat and; (2) use these data to design a predator exclusion field experiment aimed at assessing the effects of shorebird, crab and …

Experimental Studies Of Interactions Between Zostera Marina And The Associated Benthic Fauna, David Marshall Penny

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The objectives of the present study are to: (1) Describe the macro-invertebrate species composition and seasonal changes in abundance of the benthic infauna within an eelgrass bed; (2) Observe what immediate effects occur to the benthic community as a result of experimental removal of eelgrass plants from plants within the Zostera bed; (3) Measure the seasonal variation of eelgrass turion length over an annual cycle and determine its correlation to biomass (dry weight); (4) Examine, by means of field experiments, the importance of incident solar irradiation in affecting the seasonal growth of Zostera; and (5) Determine the relationship, if any, …