Life Sciences Commons^™

Wetlands Evaluation And Management In Virginia, Eileen L. Shea, N. Bartlett Theberge

Reports

Complex biotic communities which have lately been recognized as being of vital importance to aquatic and upland ecosystems have evolved at Virginia's land-water interface. Most obvious are the beaches and vast intertidal stands of halophytic (salt-tolerant) plants on the periphery of the Atlantic Ocean, Chesapeake Bay and their subordinate estuaries. Less obvious, but no less important, are nonvegetated intertidal flats and coastal freshwater marshes. Inland swamps and freshwater marshes complete the inventory; though more limited in extent than their coastal analog. Complex biotic communities which have lately been recognized as being of vital importance to aquatic and upland ecosystems have …

Hydrography And Hydrodynamics Of Virginia Estuaries. Xvii, Mathematical Ecosystem Modeling Study Of The York River, P. V. Hyer, A. Y. Kuo, C. S. Fang, W. J. Hargis Jr.

Reports

The York River drainage basin is rural, with an economy based on farming, logging, fishing and recreation. Water quality conditions are generally good, with low chlorophyll and nutrients and low fecal coliform counts. Dissolved oxygen concentrations are high except for periodic deoxygenation of the water deeper than 8 m in the reach extending 10 km upstream of the mouth.

A quasi-three dimensional tidal average model was constructed and calibrated using intensive field data collected in June and July, 1976 and verified using slack water run data from September, 1976. The model components are: salinity, fecal coliform, chlorophyll, CBOD, dissolved oxygen, …

Serologic And Hematologic Values Of Bison In Colorado, Edward O. Keith, James Ellis, Robert W. Phillips, Maxine M. Benjamin

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Recent economic and aesthetic interest in North American bison (Bison bison) has lead to increased interstate transport of these animals. Serologic and hematologic standards for bison are needed to detect disease in transported animals as well as within herds. This paper describes variation in blood physiological parameters in bison caused by variations in diet and season. Blood was taken from six bison and analyzed for serologic and hematologic parameters. Significant variation was found in blood urea nitrogen, chloride, cholesterol, creatinine, eosinophil, glucose, hemoglobin, lactic dehydrogenase, leukocyte, packed cell volume, potassium, serum globulin, serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, SGPT, and …

A 200 Year Record Of Carbon-13 And Carbon-14 Variations In A Bermuda Coral, Y. Nozaki, D. M. Rye, K. K. Turekian, Richard E. Dodge

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

A 200 year old brain coral, captured in Bermuda in 1976 was slabbed and x-rayed. Using the annual growth bands sequential, dated samples were taken over the entire growth period of the coral and analyzed for Δ¹⁴C, δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O. During the past 80 years atmospheric variations in Δ¹⁴C and δ¹³C due to human effects, such as release of bomb C-14 and dilution of both C-14 and C-13 by fossil fuel burning, are closely tracked by the coral. Prior to 1900 divergences between the coral and tree Δ¹⁴C …

Disinfection Efficiency And Relative Toxicity Of Chlorine And Bromine Chloride: A Pilot Plant Study In An Estuarine Environment, Norman E. Leblanc, Morris H. Roberts

Reports

The present study was conducted by the Virginia Interagency Task Force on Chlorine to compare the relative merits of bromine chloride and chlorine as wastewater disinfectants. Operational and disinfection qualities of both halogens and the relative toxicities of the treated effluents were studied in a pilot scale system. Three specific objectives were pursued; 1. an evaluation of the relative disinfection capabilities of the two halogens; 2. an assessment of the toxicity of each effluent stream to juvenile spot; and 3. an analysis of the halogenated organics produced in treated and disinfected effluent. The results of studies directed at the first …

A Storm Surge Model Study: Volume Ii A Finite Element Storm Surge Analysis And Its Application To A Bay-Ocean System, H. S. Chen

Reports

No abstract provided.

Zoogeography Of Tropical Western Atlantic Crinoidea (Echinodermata), David L. Meyer, Charles G. Messing, Donald B. Macurda Jr.

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Recent collections of crinoids from the intertidal zone to 1,650 m in the tropical western Atlantic have provided significant range extensions for more than half of the 44 comatulid and stalked species known from the region. Of the 34 comatulid species, over 60% are endemic to the region; of the 10 stalked species, 90% are endemic. At the familial level, this fauna has its strongest affinities with the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Comatulids are most abundant above 300 m, while stalked species occur primarily between 100 and 700 m. Species that occur primarily above 600 m (the deepest penetration of the …

A Storm Surge Model Study: Volume I Storm Surge Height-Frequency Analysis And Model Prediction For Chesapeake Bay, John D. Boon, C. S. Welch, H. S. Chen, R. J. Lukens

Reports

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of The Demersal Fish Community Of A Deep-Sea Radioactive Dump Site (Results Of Cruise Epa-7801, R/V Advance Ii, 21-27 June 1978), John A. Musick, Kenneth J. Sulak

Reports

The present report describes the demersal fish fauna collected by otter trawl from RV Advance II on cruise EPA-7801 in the vicinity of a radioactive waste disposal site (R.D.S.) located at a depth of about 3900 m, approximately 200 miles due east of the Virginia coast (Figs. 1, 2). Because the sampling· effort at the R.D.S. was restricted by time and funding, the limited data base accrued from there was analyzed and compared with a much larger data set collected during previous deep-sea trawling studies using the same trawl gear.

Report Of The National Blue Crab Industry Workshop: September 10-11, 1977 Charleston, South Carolina, Raymond J. Rhodes, W. A. Van Engel

Reports

The National Blue Crab Industry Workshop was held on September 10-11, 1977 at the South Carolina Marine Resources Center of the South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department in Charleston, South Carolina. The workshop was organized to address the blue crab industry's major problem areas and stimulate innovative thinking for improving productivity. The problems faced by the blue crab industry are not necessarily unique compared to other food industries; consequently, methodology to mitigate these problems will probably be transferred from other industries. Much of what was discussed in the technology corrnnittees has been faced by other industries, although recent food …

Bacterial Depuration By The American Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica) Under Controlled Conditions. Vol. 2. Practical Considerations And Plant Design, Bruce J. Neilson, Dexter S. Haven, Frank O. Perkins, Reinaldo Morales-Alamo, Martha W. Rhodes

Reports

No abstract provided.

Bacterial Depuration By The American Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica) Under Controlled Conditions. Vol. 1. Biological And Technical Studies, Dexter S. Haven, Frank O. Perkins, Reinaldo Morales-Alamo, Martha W. Rhode

Reports

No abstract provided.

Biology And Identification Of Rays In The Chesapeake Bay, Joseph W. Smith, J. V. Merriner

Reports

No abstract provided.

Elizabeth River Water Quality Report, Bruce J. Neilson, Susan C. Strum

Reports

No abstract provided.

Final Report On Water Quality Studies Of The Hampton Roads Area, Bruce J. Neilson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Hydrodynamic And Biogeochemical Water Quality Models Of Hampton Roads, H. S. Chen

Reports

No abstract provided.

Guidelines For Zooplankton Sampling In Quantitative Baseline And Monitoring Programs, Fred Jacobs, George C. Grant

Reports

Methods applicable to zooplankton sampling and analysis in quantitative baseline and monitoring surveys are evaluated and summarized. Specific recommendations by managers must take into account characteristics of the water mass under investigation, the abundance of contained zooplankton and phytoplankton populations and the objectives of the study. Realistic planning and development must also consider available monetary and manpower resources.

Phytoplankton Sampling In Quantitative Baseline And Monitoring Programs, Paul E. Stofan, George C. Grant

Reports

An overview of phytoplankton sampling and analysis methods as they apply to quantitative baseline and monitoring surveys is provided. A need for inclusion of a preliminary field survey of the area under investigation and of flexibility in sampling design is stressed. An extensive bibliography pertinent to phytoplankton sampling and analysis is included in the report.

Ecological Study Of The Tidal Segment Of The James River Encompassing Hog Point : 1977 Final Technical Report, R. A. Jordan, P. A. Goodwin, R. K. Carpenter, C. E. Sutton, J. V. Merriner, A. D. Estes, R. K. Dias

Reports

• Section I: CONTENTS River Biota Studies at the VEPCO Surry Nuclear Power Station by R. A. Jordan, P. A. Goodwin, R. K. Carpenter, and C. E. Sutton
• Section Ila: Plant Entrainment of Ichthyoplankton at the VEPCO Nuclear Power Plant by J. V. Merriner, A. D. Estes, and R. K. Dias
• Section lIb: Thermal Plume Entrainment of Ichthyoplankton at VEPCO Nuclear Power Station by J. V. Merriner, A. D. Estes, and R. K. Dias

Factors Associated With Accuracy In Sampling Fish Eggs And Larvae, R. R. Bowles, J. V. Merriner, G. C. Grant

Reports

Ichthyoplankton sampling gear is reviewed and evaluated with emphasis on power plant impact assessment. Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on gear accuracy are discussed. Difficulties associated with obtaining representative samples from patchy population distributions are acknowledged. A listing of commonly used sampling gear has been compiled and indexed by ecosystem. Meter nets and variations of meter nets are the most widely used gear for sampling fish eggs and larvae. Comparative gear evaluation has been performed based on information compiled in the report. Although the diversity of habitats and the great number of relatively important species makes summarization difficult, the …

A Revision Of The Comatulid Genus Comactinia A. H. Clark (Crinoidea: Echinodermata), Charles G. Messing

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The formerly monotypic genus Comactinia is found to comprise two valid species. One of these is further divided into two subspecies. The variability of the genus is examined and illustrated. A discussion of ecology, affinities, and zoogeography is included.

Shoreline Situation Report Westmoreland County, Lynne Morgan, Dennis W. Owen, Nancy M. Sturm

Reports

No abstract provided.

The Oyster Industry Of Virginia : Its Status, Problems, And Promise : A Comprehensive Study Of The Oyster Industry In Virginia, Dexter S. Haven, William J. Hargis Jr., Paul C. Kendall

Reports

As an aid in understanding the complexity of Virginia's oyster industry and its problems, a general review of the catastrophic decline in Virginia landings follows.

Table of Contents:

Chapter I. Oyster Culture in Virginia - Past and Present

Chapter II. Extent and Characteristics of Oyster-Growing Grounds--Public and Private

Chapter III. Oyster Production in Virginia--Past and Present

Chapter IV. The Condition of the Public Oyster Rocks in Virginia

Chapter V. Economic Conditions of the Virginia Oyster Industry

Chapter VI. Repletion

Chapter VII. Methods of Management of Virginia's Oyster Resources

Chapter VIII. Yield of Oysters

Chapter IX. Predators and Diseases

Chapter X. …

Biological Description Of Old Plantation Flats Deep Trough, A Proposed Dredged Material Disposal Site: Interim Report, W. A. Van Engle, J. V. Merriner, F. J. Wojcik

Reports

The Old Plantation Deep Trough sampling area in the Virginia portion of the Chesapeake Bay began at the latitudes of the southwestern end of the Cherrystone Inlet channel near Old Plantation Flats (approximately 37°13.S'N) and extended north to the latitude of Church Neck at Hungars Creek (approximately 37°25.S'N) (see attached Figure 1: Disposal Area 2 and area to the north). Twenty-one stations, one-quarter mile square grid, were occupied on August 29 and 30, 1978 (Table 1 and accompanying Charts). Seven stations were sampled with a lined, 30-foot semiballoon otter trawl, seven sampled with a 48-inch wide crab dredge, and seven …

Uptake Of Kepone By Oysters Exposed To Contaminated Sediments Mixed With Lignite, Dexter S. Haven, Reinaldo Morales-Alamo

Reports

Preliminary studies conducted by personnel of the Allied Chemical Corporation at Morristown, N. J. suggested that coa] would be used to adsorb Kepone from an aquatic substrate. .The possibility of using coal to bind Kepone contaminating the natural environment indicated further preliminary exploration of the matter.

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science undertook a laboratory study with oysters under contract with the Allied Chemical Corp. to explore that possibility. Lignite was mixd on a 1:10 dry-weight ratio with sediments contaminated with Kepone.

Harmonic Analysis And Tidal Prediction By The Method Of Least Squares: A User's Manual, John D. Boon, Kevin P. Kiley

Reports

A common objective in the treatment of measured tides is the mathematical separation by harmonic analysis of certain periodic components which can be used to simulate the astronomical tide. Traditionally, astronomical or predicted tides have been represented by the sum of several such components, each one due to a particular aspect of the tide-producing forces. Once determined, the same set of parameters governing each periodic component may be used to predict the tide during any desired time period at a given location. These parameters are known as the tidal constants for that location. Although a number of different methods have …

Sensing The Sea : A Curriculum Guide In Marine Education For Grades Two And Three, Ellen Odell-Fisher, Ronald N. Giese

Reports

No abstract provided.

The Oyster Industry Of Virginia: It's Status, Problems, And Promise, Dexter Stearns Haven, William J. Hargis Jr., Paul Charles Kendall

Reports

A short presentation of an exhaustive, multi-volume work on the history and current condition of the oyster industry of the Commonwealth' by the same authors.

Intensive Hydrographical And Water Quality Survey Of The Chincoteague/Sinepuxent/Assawoman Bay Systems : Volume Iii. Non-Point Source Pollution Studies In The Chincoteague Bay System, C. F. Cerco, C. S. Fang, A. Rosenbaum

Reports

No abstract provided.

Final Technical Report For Nsf Grant #Oce 75-20241, Entitled Identification And Role Of The Ultraplankton Of The Lower Chesapeake Bay Region, Frank O. Perkins, Kenneth L. Webb

Reports

Numbers and species identities of the most dominant small (<15μm) photosynthetic Plankton were determined from samples of lower Chesapeake Bay water. The data is being compared to physical and chemical measurements of the Bay waters in an effort to determine conditions which encourage or inhibit growth of the organisms. Pure cultures of some of the more common species have been established and are being used to evaluate the roles of the organisms in terms of photosynthetic rates and utilization and excretion of nitrogen compounds.