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1974

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

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Effects Of Roughage And Protein Levels On Performance Of Finishing Steers And Heifers, K.F. Harrison, Jack G. Riley Jan 1974

Effects Of Roughage And Protein Levels On Performance Of Finishing Steers And Heifers, K.F. Harrison, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 142-day trial used 36 Angus steers and 63 mixed-breed heifers to study the effects of roughage and protein levels in beef cattle finishing rations. Results from a 13% crude protein ration the first 70 days or a ration with supplemental protein removed the final 30 days did not differ significantly from results with an 11% crude protein ration. Rations containing 10.0, 17.5 or 25.0% roughage (dry matter basis) made no significant difference in performances by steers or heifers.

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Wheat Head Silage And Corn Silage For Growing Steers, K.K. Bolsen, K.L. Conway, Jack G. Riley Jan 1974

Wheat Head Silage And Corn Silage For Growing Steers, K.K. Bolsen, K.L. Conway, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials were conducted to evaluate two varieties of wheat head silage (Parker and Blue Boy) and whole-plant corn silage in growing rations for steers. Each silage was fed to 21 steers for 122 days. All steers were full-fed a 12.5% crude protein ration containing 86% silage and 14% supplement. Steers fed corn silage gained faster, consumed more dry matter and were more efficient than steers fed either wheat head silage ration. Gain and feed consumption were greater for steers fed Blue Boy than for those fed Parker. Ration dry matter digestibility was higher for the corn silage ration than …

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Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement Of The Finishing Pig (1974), M Trotter, G L. Allee Jan 1974

Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement Of The Finishing Pig (1974), M Trotter, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A growth and two nitrogen retention studies were conducted to determine the sulfur amino acid requirement of the finishing pig. Adding 0.10% DL-methionine to a 9.0% protein semi-purified basal diet containing 0.14% total sulfur amino acids significantly (P<.05) increased nitrogen retention, but further additions of DL-methionine had no beneficial effect. Daily gain was not significantly affected by adding DL-methionine to the basal diet, suggesting that the finishing pig has a lower sulfur amino acid requirement for daily gain than is essential for maximum nitrogen retention. These results suggest that the sulfur amino acid requirement of the finishing pig fed a 9.0% protein diet does not exceed 0.24% of the diet.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 14, 1974

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Alfalfa Meal As A Protein Supplement For Finishing Swine (1974), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1974

Alfalfa Meal As A Protein Supplement For Finishing Swine (1974), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments involving 144 finishing pigs were conducted to evaluate alfalfa meal in diets of finishing swine. Results indicate that finishing swine can utilize diets with up to 20% alfalfa meal without significantly effecting pig performance. This suggests the maximum crude fiber level that the finishing pig (125 lbs. to market) can tolerate without a significant reduction in daily gain is 6-7% of the diet. Pelleting the diet may extend this level in that we noted a satisfactory rate of gain and feed/gain ratio when 25% alfalfa meal diets (7.4% crude fiber) were fed.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 14, …

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Waxy Endosperm Corn In Growing And Finishing Rations For Swine (1974), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1974

Waxy Endosperm Corn In Growing And Finishing Rations For Swine (1974), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pigs fed rations containing waxy endosperm corn and those fed normal corn responded similarly in digestion and growing trials. Likewise, finishing pigs responded similarly when fed the two corns in digestion and growing trials.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 14, 1974

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Lysine Supplemented Rations For Boars, Barrows And Gilts (1974), K C. Ferrell, G L. Allee, B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines Jan 1974

Lysine Supplemented Rations For Boars, Barrows And Gilts (1974), K C. Ferrell, G L. Allee, B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feeding trials involving each sex (boars, barrows and gilts) of finishing-weight pigs were conducted to determine the value of adding lysine to the rations. Rations containing 0.55% lysine were adequate for performance (rate of gain and feed/gain ratio) and carcass parameters (loin eye area, backfat thickness, length, and percentage of lean cuts) in all sexes.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 14, 1974

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Phosphorus Levels For Growing And Finishing Swine (1974), G L. Allee, B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines Jan 1974

Phosphorus Levels For Growing And Finishing Swine (1974), G L. Allee, B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

To determine the minimal level of supplemental phosphorus required by growing pig, ninety pigs averaging 34 pounds were randomly assigned from outcome groups to 18 pens representing three replications of six dietary treatments. Graded levels of supplemental phosphorus (0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20% of the diet) from dicalcium phosphate were added to a 16% protein milo-soybean meal basal diet containing 0.36% phosphorus. Additionally, meat and bone meal was also evaluated as a phosphorus source. For the first four weeks of the trial (Phase I), daily gains were maximized at 0.15% supplemental phosphorus, or a total phosphorus level of 0.51% …

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Environmental Control And Waste Disposal (1974), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1974

Environmental Control And Waste Disposal (1974), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A system for aerobic oxidation of waste has been used continuously since 1968 and is now functioning successfully. Figure 11.1 shows general design of the units. Originally "paddle wheels" were used to circulate liquid waste, keep solids in suspension, and mix oxygen into the liquid. Their performance, however, was less than desirable. Excessive foaming of liquid in the pits kept recurring, and maintenance of "paddle wheels" was expensive and time consuming.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 14, 1974

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Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement Of The Growing Pig (1974), M Trotter, G L. Allee Jan 1974

Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement Of The Growing Pig (1974), M Trotter, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A growth trial and a nitrogen retention trial were conducted to determine the sulfur amino acid requirement of the growing pig. Adding 0.10% DL-methionine to a 14.1% protein basal diet containing 0.21% sulfur amino acids significantly (P<.05) increased daily gain and nitrogen retention. Further additions gave no beneficial effect, indicating that the sulfur amino acid requirement had been met by the initial addition of DL-methionine. Thus, the sulfur amino acid requirement of the growing pig fed a 14.1% protein diet does not exceed 0.31% of the diet.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 14, 1974

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Nutritive Value Of Sunflower Seed For Swine (1974), S Laudert, G L. Allee Jan 1974

Nutritive Value Of Sunflower Seed For Swine (1974), S Laudert, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sunflower seed (SFS) was evaluated as a feedstuff for growing and finishing swine. In all trials, SFS was added on an isolysine basis: 10 parts SFS replacing 8 parts corn and 2 parts soybean meal. Replacement levels were 20, 40, and 60% in the growth and the digestion trials, 25 and 50% in the finishing trial. Feed intake of growing pigs decreased linearly as the level of SFS in their diets increased. At 20 and 60% levels, effect on daily gain was not significant, but at 40% replacement weight gain decreased. Ether extract digestibility increased and energy digestibility decreased as …

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Sprouted Sorghum Grain For Finishing Swine (1974), G L. Allee, B A. Koch, R Knake, Robert H. Hines Jan 1974

Sprouted Sorghum Grain For Finishing Swine (1974), G L. Allee, B A. Koch, R Knake, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In a three-week feeding trial for 30 growing pigs (70 lbs.), we compared diets formulated by using 1973 sprout damaged sorghum grain from two Kansas areas. No palatability problems were noted, weight gains were similar to those of pigs fed undamaged 1972 sorghum. Feed consumption of diets based on sprout damaged sorghum grain was higher, consequently, resulted in poorer feed conversion. Though the data may indicate slightly higher feed requirements, they should be considered only as preliminary, because results were based on only a short feeding period and few animals.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 14, 1974

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Selection For Muscling In Swine And Its Effect On Carcass Traits (1974), J D. Wheat, Donald H. Kropf, C H. Chang, Robert H. Hines Jan 1974

Selection For Muscling In Swine And Its Effect On Carcass Traits (1974), J D. Wheat, Donald H. Kropf, C H. Chang, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Line differences in weight, litter size at different ages, and in age, loin eye area, and backfat thickness of pigs (adjusted to 200 pounds live weight) were not significant. Sex differences in weight and backfat thickness were significant. Dam groups of progeny differed significantly (P<.0l) in-weights at birth and at 14 and 28 days old and in age, loin eye area, and backfat thickness adjusted to 220 pounds live weight. Hams produced by barrows in the select line were significantly (P<.0l) darker and firmer than those from barrows in the control line.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 14, 1974

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Effect Of Slatted Floor Type On Performance Of Swine Grown During Cold (1974), D Ames, D Brink Jan 1974

Effect Of Slatted Floor Type On Performance Of Swine Grown During Cold (1974), D Ames, D Brink

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Average daily weight gain, feed consumption, and feed efficiency were determined for growing finishing swine reared on metal (aluminum) as opposed to plastic, slatted floor at ambient temperatures of 17, 32, 41 and 46 ÌŠ F. Performance was significantly (P<.05) improved with plastic slats at 17 and 32 F.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 14, 1974

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Protein Sequence For Finishing Swine (1974), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1974

Protein Sequence For Finishing Swine (1974), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Using. sixty barrows and gilts, we evaluated five protein sequences for finishing swine. Pigs fed rations containing 16% protein until they weighed 140 lbs., then 12% protein until they weighed 190 lbs., and there after 10% protein (ABC) until market weight gained significantly slower and at a greater cost per lb. of gain than did pigs in any of the other sequences. The cheapest cost per lb. of gain was observed for those pigs fed a 16% protein diet until they weighed 140 lbs. and then a 12% protein diet (ABB) until marketed at 240 lbs. Pigs with the leanest …

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Blood Meal As An Amino Acid Source In Swine Diets (1974), G L. Allee, B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines Jan 1974

Blood Meal As An Amino Acid Source In Swine Diets (1974), G L. Allee, B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials involving 94 pigs were conducted to evaluate blood meal as a supplemental amino acid source in swine diets. Performance of growing pigs was markedly reduced when blood meal completely replaced soybean meal as a supplemental amino acid source. Adding 0.1% L-isoleucine to the corn-blood meal diet significantly improved daily gain and feed efficiency. However, growing pigs fed any diet containing blood meal in place of soybean meal had reduced performance. Finishing pigs fed blood meal as a partial or total replacement for soybean meal gained at the same rate and were just as efficient in feed utilization as …

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Beef Cattle Commercial Feedlot Studies Trial 2--Effects On Steer Performance Of Variable Protein Levels, Implanting And Worming, K.F. Harrison, D.L. Good, Jack G. Riley Jan 1974

Beef Cattle Commercial Feedlot Studies Trial 2--Effects On Steer Performance Of Variable Protein Levels, Implanting And Worming, K.F. Harrison, D.L. Good, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 189-day trial used 280 mixed-breed steers to study effects of various protein levels in finishing steer rations. Rations containing 15.4 or 13.4% crude protein significantly improved rate of gain during the first 42 days compared with an 11.4% crude protein ration. Rates of gain after 91 or 189 days did not differ significantly indicating that steers make compensatory gains. Removing supplemental protein from the ration of 140 steers the final 28 days did not adversely affect rate or efficiency of gain. One hundred forty steers implanted with 36 mg. zeranol and 140 with 36 mg. stilbestrol gained similarly, however, …

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Influence Of Rumen Fluid Inoculation On Incidence Of Sickness In Newly Arrived Feeder Calves, K.K. Bolsen, S. Armbruster, Homer K. Caley -1922, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley Jan 1974

Influence Of Rumen Fluid Inoculation On Incidence Of Sickness In Newly Arrived Feeder Calves, K.K. Bolsen, S. Armbruster, Homer K. Caley -1922, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Inoculating newly arrived feeder calves with 250 ml. rumen fluid did not stimulate weight gain or decrease sickness. One hundred seventy steer calves were used in the 31 day study.

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Effects On Cows, Calves, And Vegetation Of Nitrogen Fertilization And Burning Bluestem Pastures Annually, L.L. Berger, R.R. Schalles, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby Jan 1974

Effects On Cows, Calves, And Vegetation Of Nitrogen Fertilization And Burning Bluestem Pastures Annually, L.L. Berger, R.R. Schalles, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Burning and fertilizing pastures were evaluated on six Bluestem pastures by comparing performances by spring-calving cows and calves. Two control pastures were not burned or fertilized, two pastures were burned, and two were burned and fertilized with 40 pounds of nitrogen an acre applied aerially. Average daily gains of the calves did not differ significantly among treatments. The burned, fertilized, pastures produced significantly higher gains per acre, as their increased forage supported heavier stocking rates.

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Influence Of Winter Nutrition On Production And Reproduction In Spring-Calving Cows, Duane L. Davis, R.R. Schalles, G. Kiracofe, D.L. Good Jan 1974

Influence Of Winter Nutrition On Production And Reproduction In Spring-Calving Cows, Duane L. Davis, R.R. Schalles, G. Kiracofe, D.L. Good

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Winter nutrition requirements for beef cows grazing native tallgrass range in the Flint Hills were studied from 1968 through 1973. Three lb. milo was a better supplement to the basic ration of 3 lb. alfalfa hay than 1 1/2 lb. of soybean meal was. Younger cows performed better when 6 lb. milo was fed with the 3 lb. alfalfa hay. Feeding 3 lb. alfalfa hay or the equivalent until approximately 100 days before the breeding season and 3 lb. alfalfa hay, 6 lb. milo the remainder of the winter did not reduce performance of cows 3 years old or older. …

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Response Of Yearling Steers On Bluestem Pastures That Were Intensively Stocked Early In Season, L.L. Berger, L.H. Harbers, R.R. Schalles, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby Jan 1974

Response Of Yearling Steers On Bluestem Pastures That Were Intensively Stocked Early In Season, L.L. Berger, L.H. Harbers, R.R. Schalles, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Nine pastures of 492 acres were summer grazed by yearling steers. Five were burned April 24, 1973; four were not burned. Burned and nonburned pastures had 0, 40, or 80 lbs. of nitrogen per acre applied aerially. Stocking rates were determined with herbage production data from experimental plots under similar treatments. Under the same fertilization and stocking rates, average daily gain and gain per acre were higher for burned pastures than nonburned pastures. Fertilizing bluestem tended to reduce daily gains but increased gain per acre. Steers on the early-season, intensively grazed pasture, gained the most per day (1.51 lbs) and …

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Soybean Meal And Starea (R) Blocks Compared By Wintering Cows On Bluestem Pasture: Effects On Birth And Weaning Weights Of Calves, L.H. Harbers, E.L. Shiawoya, K. Conway, R.M. Mckee Jan 1974

Soybean Meal And Starea (R) Blocks Compared By Wintering Cows On Bluestem Pasture: Effects On Birth And Weaning Weights Of Calves, L.H. Harbers, E.L. Shiawoya, K. Conway, R.M. Mckee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Similar gains and adjusted weaning weights can be expected from calves whose dams are wintered on soybean meal or Starea protein blocks. Rebreeding time is expected to be similar for both groups of dams.

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Protein Supplements For Feedlot Rations Compared, E.L. Shiawoya, L.H. Harbers, K.K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1974

Protein Supplements For Feedlot Rations Compared, E.L. Shiawoya, L.H. Harbers, K.K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Protein supplements composed of either soybean meal, a combination of soybean meal and urea, or milo Starea improved gain 5% and feed efficiency 4% over supplements of either urea or wheat Starea (P<.25). Cost of gain favored the nonprotein nitrogen compounds; thus, choice of supplement was related to relative cost of supplements.

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Corn Silage, Wheat Head Silage And Milage For Finishing Cattle, K.K. Bolsen, K.L. Conway, P. Henry, Jack G. Riley Jan 1974

Corn Silage, Wheat Head Silage And Milage For Finishing Cattle, K.K. Bolsen, K.L. Conway, P. Henry, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Six finishing rations were compared: (1) 10% corn silage, (2) 20% corn silage, (3) 10% wheat head silage, (4) 20% wheat head silage, (5) unprocessed (whole) milage and (6) processed (rolled) milage. Each ration was fed to 18 yearling steers for 123 days. Rate of gain was not affected by ration. Feed consumption and feed required per lb. of gain were higher for steers receiving whole milage than for steers receiving any of the other five rations. Although steers fed rolled milage consumed less feed, they were 11.4 percent more efficient than steers fed whole milage.

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Influence Of Alfalfa Harvesting And Storing Methods On Steer Performance, K.K. Bolsen, L.L. Berger, Jack G. Riley Jan 1974

Influence Of Alfalfa Harvesting And Storing Methods On Steer Performance, K.K. Bolsen, L.L. Berger, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three alfalfa treatments were evaluated in a steer performance trial: (1) direct-cut and ensiled with dry milo, (2) field-wilted and ensiled, with milo added at feeding and (3) baled, with milo added at feeding. The rations contained 45.4, 50.9 and 48.1 percent milo, respectively. During the 84-day trial, yearling steers made similar gains on the three rations. Direct-cut and ensiled alfalfa produced the most efficient gain; hay the least efficient. Potential beef gain per acre of alfalfa was lowest from baled hay.

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Yield And Composition Of Grain Sorghum Stover, R. L. Vanderlip, L.R. Schneider, K.K. Bolsen Jan 1974

Yield And Composition Of Grain Sorghum Stover, R. L. Vanderlip, L.R. Schneider, K.K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Last year in Kansas approximately 3.8 million acres produced 243 million bushels of grain sorghum plus a large amount of forage left in the field as a potential source of feed for livestock. The objective of this report is to indicate the quantity of forage available after normal and early (high-moisture) harvest of sorghum grain.

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Milo Stover For Growing Heifers, K.K. Bolsen, G. Boyett, Jack G. Riley Jan 1974

Milo Stover For Growing Heifers, K.K. Bolsen, G. Boyett, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Five rations (involving 4 forage treatments) were compared: (1) forage sorghum silage, (2) forage sorghum silage ensiled with organic acids , (3) milo stover pellets, (4) milo stover silage and (5) milo stover silage plus rolled milo. Each ration was fed to 13 heifer calves for 114 days. No differences were observed in gain, intake or feed efficiency between heifers fed untreated and organic acid-treated forage sorghum silage. Pelleting milo stover increased dry matter consumption over milo stover silage but resulted in a poorer feed conversion. Adding rolled milo to stover silage improved gain and feed conversion compared to stover …

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Weaning Calves Early, M. Mckee, K.K. Bolsen, K.L. Conway, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley Jan 1974

Weaning Calves Early, M. Mckee, K.K. Bolsen, K.L. Conway, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An 85-day, post weaning growth rate for 30 calves weaned at an average age of 110.5 days was compared with the growth rate of 30 calves nursing their mothers the same period. Average age of the nursing calves at the start of the test was 106.2 days. All calves received creep feed free-choice. The early weaned calves were divided into two groups; one group (A) received direct-cut alfalfa wilted with rolled milo free-choice; the other (B), field-wilted haylage plus rolled milo free-choice. Twenty-four of the later weaned calves were confined to dry lot with their mothers, and 6 (D) nursed …

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Protein Levels For Bulls On 140-Day, Gain Test, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner Jan 1974

Protein Levels For Bulls On 140-Day, Gain Test, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three trials with Angus, Hereford, and Shorthorn bulls produced in the University teaching herd were conducted to determine effects of 10, 12, or 14% calculated crude protein levels in grain rations. In trial 1, the 10% crude protein grain rations resulted in significantly (P<.0l) lower gains than did either 12 or 14% crude protein grain rations. The 10% ration was not tested in trials 2 and 3. Rates of gain and feed per pound of gain did not differ significantly between bulls fed 12% or 14% protein rations.

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Synchronizing Estrus In Heifers With Prostaglandin And Syncro-Mate B, G. Jr. Heersche, G. Kiracofe, M. Mckee, Duane L. Davis, G.R. Brower Jan 1974

Synchronizing Estrus In Heifers With Prostaglandin And Syncro-Mate B, G. Jr. Heersche, G. Kiracofe, M. Mckee, Duane L. Davis, G.R. Brower

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forty-seven of 50 heifers were in estrus 1 to 5 days after an injection of prostaglandin given when an ear implant of Synchro-mate B was removed. The implant had been in place one week. Thirty of the 47 (63.8%) heifers with synchronized estrus conceived on first artificial insemination. Twenty untreated heifers were in estrus in 27 days; 13 (65%) conceived on first artificial insemination.

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Effect Of Sound Stress On Ovulation, Estrus, And Conception In Beef Heifers, G. Heersche Jr., G. Kiracofe, M. Mckee, D.R. Ames Jan 1974

Effect Of Sound Stress On Ovulation, Estrus, And Conception In Beef Heifers, G. Heersche Jr., G. Kiracofe, M. Mckee, D.R. Ames

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Thirty of the 50 heifers used in estrous synchronization studies and that received prostaglandin and Syncro-Mate B to synchronize estrus were subjected to sound stress for 48 hours after prostaglandin was injected. Fifty-nine percent of 29 sound-stressed heifers that showed estrus within 5 days conceived when artificially inseminated compared with 72 percent of 18 nonstressed heifers.

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