Life Sciences Commons^™

The Use Of Cationic Agents To Increase The Efficiency Of Titanium Dioxide In Paper, Richard Clapp

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Handsheets were made with a bleached sulfite pulp, titanium dioxide and cationic agents. The optical properties of these sheets were studied in order to determine and compare the efficiency of the titanium dioxide retained. The cationic agents used in this study were a quaternary ammonium salt, a polyamide, cationic starches made with these two chemicals, and a commercial cationic starch.

When the optical properties of handsheets made from these substances were compared, it was found that the quaternary ammonium salt gave the highest opacity but the lowest retention. The polyamide gave lower opacities but higher retentions. The cationic starches made …

The Effect Of Avitaminosis E On The Incorporation Of 35S-Sulfate By Rat Tissue Components, Sara Frierson Fulton

Masters Theses

(Introduction) Previous work in this laboratory has shown that there is a decrease in sulfate production when ³⁵S-cysteine is incubated with liver homogenates prepared from vitamin E-deficient rats as compared with the sulfate produced by homogenates from vitamin E-sufficient rats. In avitaminosis E the lowered incorporation of a test dose of ³⁵SO₄⁼ into cellular lipoprotein and the mucopolysaccharides isolated from rib cartilage and lung has been shown. A decrease in the breaking strength of rats' aorta, presumably the result of impaired collagen production, was obtained when the aortas from vitamin E-deficient rats were compared …

The Effect Of Neurosecretions From The Cerebral Ganglia On Blood Glucose Levels In Lumbricus Terrestris, Joan Vanderpol Craig

Masters Theses

Introduction

The presence of neurosecretory cells in the suprapharyngeal ganglia of Lumbricus terrestris has been well established (B. and E. Scharrer, 1937). Since these cells may well be the only source of hormones in this organism (B. Scharrer, 1959), the question arises as to their role in the animal's regulation of metabolism The particular aspect of this problem investigated here concerns the effect of these neurosecretory substances on the blood glucose levels in L. terrestris.

Preliminary studies by this investigator on glucose levels in earthworms revealed that blood samples of approximately 15 microliters could be obtained from each animal and …

Studies Of Cesium-137 Metabolism By Blatta Orientalis In Various Thermal Environments., Tsin Fu Chuang

Biology ETDs

The effect of temperature on cesium-137 metabolism in the oriental cockroach, Blatta orientalis, was studied. Adult and nymphal animals were fed cesium-137 to investigate the biological half-time, excretion rate, retention curve and distribution of the isotope among body tissues.

Metabolic rate studies at different temperatures showed an exponential relationship between oxygen consumption and temperature. The Q₁₀ was 2.56 for adults and 2.20 for nymphs in the 10 C – 35 C range.

Cesium-137 elimination rate increased as environmental temperature increased. The Q₁₀ for cesium-137 elimination was constant (1.2) over the 15 C – 35 C range and greatly …

Sporicidal Efficiency Of Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Various Disinfectants, And Their Combinations For Four Strains Of Bacillus, William L. Lappenbusch

Biology ETDs

This study was concerned with the sporicidal efficiency of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), various disinfectants, and their combinations or complexes. Spores of Bacillus subtilis var. niger (globigii), Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis (5230), and Bacillus stearothermophiluswere used to demonstrate the sporicidal activity of DMSO, phenol, Clorox, phenylmercuric nitrate, silver nitrate, Roccal, merthiolate, and iodine. Dimethyl sulfoxide has been shown in the past to enhance the penetration of neighboring substances which it encounters whether it be by the formation of a complex or by a reservoir effect in which DMSO causes a change in the osmotic concentrations on either side of a semipermeable …

Effectiveness Of Titanium Dioxide In Beater And Coating Applications, Alptekin Akman

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Titanium dioxide has been used as a filler and coating pigment in the manufacture of paper products for many years. In addition to its ability to make papers whiter and brighter, it is a most important opacifying material.

Since brightness, whiteness, and opacity are very important properties of paper, this report deals with beater applications where the pigment serves to brighten and opacify the sheet with minimum loading or filling, coating applications, and the combination of both. The effectiveness of the titanium dioxide is investigated by testing the coated and the loaded hand sheets for brightness, opacity, and gloss.

A Comparative Electrophoretic Study Of The Triatoma Rubida Complex (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae), Robert R. Adams

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A taxonomic study of the Triatoma Rubida Complex was conducted at the subspecific and hybrid levels using cellulose acetate electrophoresis to differentiate proteins in the hemolymph.

The following studies were conducted and results obtained: Laboratory-induced bleeding over a 4-week period markedly lowers the total protein of the bugs studied. Patterns obtained from chicken-fed and rabbit-fed bugs, although similar, showed some noticeable differences. Pathological-appearing bugs demonstrated protein patterns that varied greatly from the patterns obtained of normal bugs. The protein patterns obtained from hemolymph of 4th and 5th instar nymphs were quite similar, except for distance of migration. The computer was …

The Fecal Shedding Of Listeria Monocytogenes By Conventional And "Germ Free" Mice, Margaret Joyce Ramsay

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A series of experiments involving Listeria monocytogenes was undertaken to study first the fecal shedding of Listeria by conventional mice challenged intraperitoneally with Listeria and second the fecal shedding and ability to survive of germ free mice with similar challenge. In addition, mites infesting Listeria infected mice were cultured for their possible contamination by Listeria.

Conventional mice were challenged intraperitoneally with a single near LD₅₀ dose of Listeria. Fecal Listeria were detected by collecting specimens from each mouse daily for the first 4 days and every second day thereafter. The feces was held at 7°C for 14 …

Host And Prophage Modifications Of Ultraviolet Induction In Salmonella Potsdam, Bela B. Toth

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In induction experiments with naturally occurring and artificially lysogenic strains of S. potsdam, cells were irradiated in buffer, transferred to complete medium, and then assayed for free phage. Irradiation was followed by half hourly samples for free phage from the growing populations of irradiated cells. For an estimation of burst sizes, the irradiated cells were diluted out to a final concentration of 1 cell per ml and distributed to tubes in 0.5 ml quantities. All assays were done by the top-layer method with streptomycin incorporated in the top-layer and SP2-str^r as the bacterial indicator. The non-lysogenic strain S. …

Biochemical Properties Of Salmonella Potsdam Bacteriophage P4/2, Clyde L. Roggenkamp

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Over 90% recovery of phage P4/2 was realized with differential centrifugation concentration and purification, whereas only about 16% was recovered from the aqueous two-phase polymer - Genetron - ECTEOLA-cellulose column system. Purity of preparations was greatest with the density gradient centrifugation (A₂₆₀ = 2.66 and A₂₈₀ = 1.80 per 10¹² plaque-forming units). With the chemical system of concentration and purification followed by an ECTEOLA anion exchange run, the A₂₆₀ was 6.6 and the A₂₈₀ was 4.3.

Three tests were employed to determine the configuration of P4/2 DNA: (1) a formalin denaturation test, (2) a thermal …

The Vegetation And Flora Of Chilhowee Mountain, Roy Dale Thomas

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: An investigation of the plants of Chilhowee Mountain was undertaken to increase our knowledge of the flora and vegetation of the mountains adjoining the Smokies and the Ridge and Valley Province and is based on field work done principally by the author from 1962 to 1966.

The aims of this research have been the following: (1) to determine the nature of the flora and to make a checklist of vascular plants of the area; (2) to compare the flora of Chilhowee Mountain with the flora of the Cumberlands and of the Smokies; (3) to describe in detail the canopy, …

The Effects Of Estrogenic And Gonadotrophic Hormones On Normal Levels Of Some Blood Chemical Constituents In The Non-Breeding Female Mallard Duck, Wendell F. Hofman

Masters Theses

Introduction

In past years, a substantial amount of research has centered on the levels of certain blood chemical constituents in birds, particularly in chickens and pigeons. However, little has been recorded concerning the blood chemical constituents of the mallard duck, Anas platyrhynshos. Likewise, the effects of hormones on its blood chemistry, in conjunction with its reproductive system, have been almost totally unexplored. Therefore, this study, conducted from October 14, 1965, to March 3, 1966, had as its purpose the determination of normal quantitative levels of certain blood chemical constituents (the electrolytes--calcium, sodium, potassium; the proteins--albumin and globulin; and lipids) and …

Peracetic Acid Pulping Of Aspen Chips, Robert F. Dillman

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Ten cooks were carried out after an acceptable experimental procedure was found.

The brightness obtained was extremely high when compared to conventional cooks. All cooks gave a very low permanganate number. The yield ranged from 60 percent to 54 percent with 58 to 96 percent peracetic acid on the oven dry weight of the chips.

Enzyme Hydrolysis As A Method Of Rendering Casein Adhesives Suitable For Use In High-Solids Paper Coating, Robert E. Julianus

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The objective of this study was to explore the use of enzyme conversion as a method of reducing the viscosity of casein without substantially affecting its adhesive strength. By doing so casein could be made applicable for use in high-solids coatings, where both low coating viscosity and high adhesive strength as desirable.

With this objective in mind casein samples were hydrolized to different degrees using enzymes, and the strength and viscosity properties of the adhesive were studied. Coatings were prepared at various solids contents using the converted casein as the coating adhesive. The viscosities of the coatings were measured, and …

Isolation Of A Toxic Substance From Centaurea Repens, Merton E. Sprengel

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A poisonous steroid-type compound was isolated from Centaurea repens. After extraction with absolute ethanol, removal of the solvent, addition of 2% HCl to precipitate the pigments, and filtering, the pH was adjusted to 9 with aqueous anunonia. This solution was exhaustively extracted with chloroform, evaporated to dryness, and extracted with ethyl ether.

This fraction was chromatographed on silica-gel plates, using 10:1 1,2-dichloroethane-methanol as the developer. The band at Rf 4.2 was removed and found toxic to mice. Labored, slow, gasping respiration and frequent involuntary muscular contractions became apparent within a few minutes following the intraperitoneal injection into each animal. Death …

Nutrition Experience With The Delaware State Board Of Health, Joan Carolyn Parker

Masters Theses

Introduction: This report is to summarize the experiences of the student during seven weeks of field work with the Nutrition Consultant of the Delaware State Board of Health. This training period, as a supplement to the academic program, has been instituted to allow the student to participate in the nutrition activities of state and local agencies so that theory may gradually assume greater meaning. Delaware was chosen as the site of field experience because of its small size and the opportunity it offers for learning about and participating in nutrition programs on both state and local levels.

The main objectives …

The Effect Of Cooking On The Phospholipid Content Of Lean Ground Beef, Kitty Lee Roberts

Masters Theses

Introduction [Abbreviated]:

The purpose of the present study was to elucidate further the effect of cooking on the phospholipid content of ground beef. The possibility that a partitioning of phospholipids between meat and drip occurs during cooking was of particular interest.

A Report Of Nutrition Field Observation And Experiences In The State Of Arkansas, Carol Virginia Nelson

Masters Theses

Introduction: This report is a presentation of the student's observations and experiences during seven weeks of field training with the Nutrition Service of the Arkansas State Department of Health. During this period the student was under the direct supervision of the Senior Nutrition Consultant responsible for training and orientation programs of the Nutrition Service. Much information was obtained concerning state and local nutrition services, but the information presented in this report will be restricted since it is impossible to comprehend the full extent of the program within this limited amount of time. The student will describe the nutrition program as …

The Behavior Of Chicks On The Visual Cliff Aged 1-20 Minutes And 80-100 Minutes, Denny Sam Mehner

All Master's Theses

The specific problem of the present experiment was to investigate the relationship between the discrimination of visual depth perception and the time of locomotion.

A Comparative Approach Into The Differentiation Of Two Strains Of Staphylococci, Walter D. Hosksema

Masters Theses

Introduction

The purpose of this investigation was to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus phage type 42D from Staphylococcus epidermidis.

The investigation involved four approaches to this differentiation. The first was a selective screening technique on specific media to point out physical and biochemical characteristics and to demonstrate the presence of specific enzymes. The second was a drug survey which was used to show basic susceptibility and resistance to ten different antibiotics. The third was ultra-violet irradiation which was used to discern susceptibility and resistance to the soft rays of this spectrum segment. The fourth was a chromatographic procedure using labeled carbon which …

A Report Of Nutrition Field Experiences And Observations In Jefferson County, Alabama, Nancy Jane Brittain

Masters Theses

(From the Introduction): Abbreviated

This report is the student's interpretation of the nutrition program observed in the Jefferson County Department of Public Health, Birmingham, Alabama. Observation was for a seven week period. The field experience was under the guidance and direction of the two nutrition consultants in the agency. As part of the field training they included three days of observation with a state nutritionist in the bureau of Maternal and Child Health, Alabama Department of Public Health. The student was given the opportunity for some participation in the nutrition program.

Ecological Relationships Of The Aquatic Macroinvertebrates Of The Cascade Springs Area, Eugene Clark Devenport

Theses and Dissertations

The U.S. Forest service, recognizing the scenic, scientific, and educational value of the Cascade Springs area near Mount Timpanogos, has set aside and begun development of this spot for the use of the general public. As part of their preparatory work they have asked that examination be made of the flora, fauna 9 and physical features which may in part be incorporated into public informational facilities being constructed at the springs.

Small Mammal Invasion Of A Trapped-Out Habitat, Lester Dennis Flake

Theses and Dissertations

Small mammals, with their numerous adaptations, have successfully inhabited most biotic communities. Interactions arising from competition among small mammals in these communities may lead to a rather complex social organization with poorly defined boundaries which limit the movement of individuals. Important among these are territorial boundaries sometimes established by small mammals to protect all or part of their home range.

An Ecological Life History Of Budsage In Western Utah, Benjamin W. Wood

Theses and Dissertations

The ecological life history of budsage (Artemisia spinescens D.C. Eaton) was investigated during 1963 and 1964. The field studies were conducted at the Desert Experimental Range in Millard County, Utah. Laboratory studies were done at Brigham Young University. The different community types in which budsage grows were described and the physical site factors, viz. climate, soil texture, total soluble salts, hydrogen ion concentration of the soil, carbonate content and soil moisture were investigated. Phenology of seedlings, root systems, shoot and flower development, and plant longevity were investigated. Studies were also made on the effects of different seasons and intensities of …

Salix In Utah, Alv Dan Youngberg

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is a study of the native and naturalized species of Salix in Utah, and is based upon the following methods. A review of all available literature was accomplished in order to compile a list of species. Type specimens were obtained from the University of California at Berkeley, the Smithsonian Institution, and the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, University of Utah, and Utah State University. About five-hundred specimens were collected in twenty counties during the fall fo 1965 and the spring of 1966. The identification of the willows in this study was based upon type specimens, annotations by Carleton …

Nutrition Field Observations And Experiences In The St. Louis County Health Department, Mary Alice Dillingham

Masters Theses

Introduction: Abbreviated

An important aspect of the graduate program of study in public health nutrition is the field experience in a health agency which provides a supplement to on-campus training. The purpose of this report is to present a summary of the activities and observations of the student nutritionist's seven weeks field training in the St. Louis County Health Department. This local health department, which serves both suburban and rural areas, was selected because the student could get an overview of the generalized program in a local public health department.

Some Relationships Of Vegetation To Soil And Site Factors On Wilson Mountain, Morgan County, Tennessee, William Haywood Martin Iii

Masters Theses

INTRODUCTION

In this study, the forest composition of Wilson Mountain, Morgan County, Tennessee, is described and distribution of tree taxa and site factors are related.

The study arose from the need for geographic knowledge of an area where resource understanding is of great national concern, and to provide data for characterization of local forest and soil resources as an aid in their management. Of further interest is characterization of the genetic and ecological amplitude of forest tree taxa in this area close to the center of Deciduous Forest diversity.

The objectives in this study of the vegetation of Wilson Mountain …

Isolation, Identification And Antibiotic Sensitivity Of Enteric Obligate Anaerobes In Cases Of Gastro-Enteritis., Gordon E. Newlin

Biology ETDs

Organisms capable of living in the absence of atmospheric oxygen were first described in 1861. However, it was not until almost forty years later that anaerobes were discovered to be associated with the human body. From 1900 until the present, most work with anaerobes concerned media and methods to promote the growth of these organisms. Their classification has been attempted, but their taxonomy still remains in a state of confusion. Rarely, and only in rather obvious cases, has the pathogenicity of these organisms been investigated. Consequently, these organisms and their relationship to pathogenicity remain relatively unknown to bacteriologists today.

Studies On The Effects Of Commercial Detergents On Cucumber And Barley, Marylu Elizabeth Mudd

Masters Theses

Introduction

The fact that large quantities of detergents daily are being added to our water table and the appearance of billows of foam at the shores of many inland bodies of water have caused alarm among biologists and sanitation engineers. However, few observations of the effects of synthetic detergents on living organisms other than bacteria have been recorded.

The purpose of these studies was (1) to determine the effects of several commercial non-biodegradable detergents, Tide, Dreft, and Alconox, and one biodegradable detergent, Living, upon the germination and root elongation of seeds of a monocotyledon, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and a …

The Influence Of Refining Upon Stormer Viscosity Values, Louis Wilhelm

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

In this paper the author has attempted to investigate the influence of refining upon Stormer Viscosity readings. The variable controlled were beating time, consistency and temperature.

The instruments used were the Valley Beater, the Stormer Viscometer and the Bauer McNett Fiber Classifier.