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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Cyclophilin 40 As A Novel Disaggregase, Jeremy Dustin Baker
Cyclophilin 40 As A Novel Disaggregase, Jeremy Dustin Baker
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The negative health and economic impacts of neurodegenerative diseases on Americans is astounding and accelerating with an aging population. The Alzheimer’s Association reports that 5.7 million Americans suffer from Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a number which is expected to increase to 14 million by 2050. In economic terms, AD and other neurodegenerative disorders will cost the US over $275 billion in 2018, rising to over $1 trillion annually by 2050. AD causes gross brain atrophy and is most damaging throughout the cortex and the hippocampus, regions required for higher cognitive function and memory. AD presents as tangles within neurons composed of …
Structure And Thermodynamics Of Polyglutamine Peptides And Amyloid Fibrils Via Metadynamics And Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Riley Workman
Structure And Thermodynamics Of Polyglutamine Peptides And Amyloid Fibrils Via Metadynamics And Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Riley Workman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Aggregation of polyglutamine (polyQ)-rich polypeptides in neurons is a marker for nine neurodegenerative diseases. The molecular process responsible for the formation of polyQ fibrils is not well understood and represents a growing area of study. To enable development of treatments that could interfere with aggregation of polyQ peptides, it is crucial to understand the molecular mechanisms by which polyQ peptides aggregate into fibrils. Many experimental techniques have been employed to probe polyQ aggregation, however, observations from these studies have not lead to a unified understanding of the properties of these systems, instead yielding competing, fragmented theories of polyQ aggregation. This …
The Role Of Perivascular Fibrosis In Post-Stroke Glymphatic Impairment And Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Matthew D. Howe
The Role Of Perivascular Fibrosis In Post-Stroke Glymphatic Impairment And Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Matthew D. Howe
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
In healthy brain tissue, toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) proteins are transported by the pulsatile flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) along perivascular drainage pathways. Ischemic stroke may disrupt this process, leading to a perivascular build-up of Aβ, termed cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). I hypothesize that an abnormal pattern of extracellular matrix deposition within the vascular basement membrane, termed fibrosis, impairs Aβ drainage from the aged brain after stroke. I further hypothesize that inhibition of astrocytic transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling can reverse these phenotypes. Finally, I also hypothesize that serum biomarkers of perivascular fibrosis can be used to diagnose CAA following intracerebral …
Quantitative Studies Of Amyloidogenic Protein Residue Interaction Networks And Abnormal Ammonia Metabolism In Neurotoxicity And Disease, Jeddidiah Griffin
Quantitative Studies Of Amyloidogenic Protein Residue Interaction Networks And Abnormal Ammonia Metabolism In Neurotoxicity And Disease, Jeddidiah Griffin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Investigating similarities among neurological diseases can provide insight into disease processes. Two prominent commonalities of neurological diseases are the formation of amyloid deposits and altered ammonia and glutamate metabolism. Computational techniques were used to explore these processes in several neurological diseases. Residue interaction networks (RINs) abstract protein structure into a series of nodes (representing residues) and edges (representing connections between residues likely to interact). Analyzing the RINs of monomeric forms of amyloidogenic proteins for common network features revealed similarities not previously known. First, amyloidogenic variants of lysozyme were used to demonstrate the usefulness of RINs to the study of amyloidogenic …
Mechanism And Development Of Peptide-Based Inhibitors To Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (Hiapp) Self-Assembly, Jayson Vedad
Mechanism And Development Of Peptide-Based Inhibitors To Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (Hiapp) Self-Assembly, Jayson Vedad
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Amyloid fibrils formed by of hIAPP1-37 (also known as amylin) has been linked to type-II diabetes mortalities and its formation was found to be related to the three aromatic residues in hIAPP1-37. In this dissertation, the role of aromatic amino acids, particularly that of Phe-23, and its various interactions to the self-assembly of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP)22-29 were investigated. Using a variety of spectroscopic techniques with emphasis to vibrational spectroscopy (FT-IR and Raman spectroscopies) in conjunction with computational methods, different factors leading to aggregation as well as its inhibition were identified. Among the driving forces …
A Mechanistic Understanding Of Self-Propagating Amyloid-Β Oligomer Conformations In Alzheimer Disease, Dexter Nathanael Dean
A Mechanistic Understanding Of Self-Propagating Amyloid-Β Oligomer Conformations In Alzheimer Disease, Dexter Nathanael Dean
Dissertations
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the widespread deposition of proteinaceous plaques abundant in amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates. Although the plaques mainly contain high molecular weight, insoluble Aβ fibrils, the low molecular weight soluble aggregates called oligomers have been shown as the primary toxic species responsible for synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss in AD. The process of aggregation is nucleation-dependent, but also highly stochastic and inhomogeneous resulting in biophysically diverse assemblies. Recent advances in the field indicate a potential correlation between the phenotypic diversity observed in AD subtypes and aggregate polymorphism. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms which …