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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Examining Intracellular Phosphorylation Gradients During Cell Division, Lei Tan
Examining Intracellular Phosphorylation Gradients During Cell Division, Lei Tan
Student Theses and Dissertations
The dynamic cellular reorganization needed for successful mitosis requires spatial regulatory cues. I examine this problem at two different levels. First, I analyze a phosphorylation gradient for substrates of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) . CPC is a conserved regulator involved in key mitotic events such as chromosome-microtubule attachment and spindle midzone formation. Previously, spatial phosphorylation gradients have been reported for CPC substrates, raising the possibility that CPC-dependent signaling establishes order on the micron-length scale in dividing cells. However, this hypothesis has not been tested, largely because of incomplete characterization of the CPC-dependent phosphorylation dynamics. Here I examine the spatiotemporal …
Regulation Of Chromosome Segregation By The Chromosomal Passenger Complex, Boo Shan Tseng
Regulation Of Chromosome Segregation By The Chromosomal Passenger Complex, Boo Shan Tseng
Student Theses and Dissertations
Life depends on faithful DNA segregation. The molecular underpinnings controlling this segregation are not fully understood. Here I describe the role of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) in the regulation of chromosome segregation, using Xenopus egg extracts. The CPC contains the kinase Aurora B, which is well known for its phosphorylation of serine 10 on histone H3 (H3S10). While this phosphorylation is a hallmark of M-phase, its functional significance is enigmatic. In the first part of my thesis, I, with my collaborators, provide a molecular function for this phosphorylation in the chromosomal dissociation of HP1 (heterochromatin protein 1) in M-phase. …
Control Of Chromosome Segregation By The Aurora B Complex, Srinath Cidambi Sampath
Control Of Chromosome Segregation By The Aurora B Complex, Srinath Cidambi Sampath
Student Theses and Dissertations
Chromosome segregation during cell division requires spindle assembly around M-phase chromatin. In cells lacking centrosomes, such as those found in female meiosis, chromosomes themselves nucleate and stabilize microtubules in order to promote accurate spindle formation. Here we present a description of the composition and function of the vertebrate chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), known to include Incenp, Survivin, and the kinase Aurora B. We report the identification of Dasra A and Dasra B as two new components of the vertebrate CPC, and demonstrate that the CPC is required for chromatin-dependent spindle formation in Xenopus egg extracts. The failure of microtubule stabilization …