Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Climate change (3)
- Abies amabilis (2)
- Arid Lands (2)
- Behavior (2)
- Biomass (2)
-
- California (2)
- Fire exclusion (2)
- Fire suppression (2)
- Historical data (2)
- Optimization (2)
- Outdoor Recreation (2)
- Sierra Nevada (2)
- Transferability (2)
- USA (2)
- Wilderness Recreation (2)
- Activated carbon (1)
- Adaptive cluster sampling (1)
- Anthropocene (1)
- Attitude-Behavior (1)
- BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS (1)
- Biochar (1)
- Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness (1)
- CLIMATE-CHANGE (1)
- Canopy fine fuels (1)
- Change (1)
- Citizen science (1)
- Climate (1)
- Cluster Analysis (1)
- Colorado (1)
- DISTURBANCE (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 55
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Wildland Fire Deficit And Surplus In The Western United States, 1984-2012, Sean A. Parks, Carol Miller, Marc-Andrè Parisien, Lisa M. Holsinger, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, John Abatzoglou
Wildland Fire Deficit And Surplus In The Western United States, 1984-2012, Sean A. Parks, Carol Miller, Marc-Andrè Parisien, Lisa M. Holsinger, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, John Abatzoglou
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Wildland fire is an important disturbance agent in the western US and globally. However, the natural role of fire has been disrupted in many regions due to the influence of human activities, which have the potential to either exclude or promote fire, resulting in a "fire deficit" or "fire surplus," respectively. In this study, we developed a model of expected area burned for the western US as a function of climate from 1984 to 2012. We then quantified departures from expected area burned to identify geographic regions with fire deficit or surplus. We developed our model of area burned as …
Spatial Aspects Of Tree Mortality Strongly Differ Between Young And Old-Growth Forests, Andrew J. Larson, James A. Lutz, Daniel C. Donato, James A. Freund, Mark E. Swanson, Janneke Hillrislambers, Douglas G. Sprugel, Jerry F. Franklin
Spatial Aspects Of Tree Mortality Strongly Differ Between Young And Old-Growth Forests, Andrew J. Larson, James A. Lutz, Daniel C. Donato, James A. Freund, Mark E. Swanson, Janneke Hillrislambers, Douglas G. Sprugel, Jerry F. Franklin
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Rates and spatial patterns of tree mortality are predicted to change during forest structural development. In young forests, mortality should be primarily density dependent due to competition for light, leading to an increasingly spatially uniform pattern of surviving trees. In contrast, mortality in old-growth forests should be primarily caused by contagious and spatially auto-correlated agents (e.g., insects, wind), causing spatial aggregation of surviving trees to increase through time. We tested these predictions by contrasting a three-decade record of tree mortality from replicated mapped permanent plots located in young (<60-year-old) and old-growth (>300-year-old) Abies amabilis forests. Trees in young forests died at a …
Quantifying Environmental Limiting Factors On Tree Cover Using Geospatial Data, Johnathan A. Greenberg, Maria J. Santos, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, Vern C. Vanderbilt, Susan L. Ustin
Quantifying Environmental Limiting Factors On Tree Cover Using Geospatial Data, Johnathan A. Greenberg, Maria J. Santos, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, Vern C. Vanderbilt, Susan L. Ustin
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Environmental limiting factors (ELFs) are the thresholds that determine the maximum or minimum biological response for a given suite of environmental conditions. We asked the following questions: 1) Can we detect ELFs on percent tree cover across the eastern slopes of the Lake Tahoe Basin, NV? 2) How are the ELFs distributed spatially? 3) To what extent are unmeasured environmental factors limiting tree cover? ELFs are difficult to quantify as they require significant sample sizes. We addressed this by using geospatial data over a relatively large spatial extent, where the wall-to-wall sampling ensures the inclusion of rare data points which …
2014 Future Earth Young Scientists Conference On Integrated Science And Knowledge Co-Production For Ecosystems And Human Well-Being, Ivy Shiue, Leah Samberg, Benard Kulohoma, Diana Dogaru, Carina Wyborn, Perrine Hamel, Peper Sogaard Jorgensen, Paul Lussier, Bharath Sundaram, Michelle Lim, Antonio Tironi
2014 Future Earth Young Scientists Conference On Integrated Science And Knowledge Co-Production For Ecosystems And Human Well-Being, Ivy Shiue, Leah Samberg, Benard Kulohoma, Diana Dogaru, Carina Wyborn, Perrine Hamel, Peper Sogaard Jorgensen, Paul Lussier, Bharath Sundaram, Michelle Lim, Antonio Tironi
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Effective integration in science and knowledge co-production is a challenge that crosses research boundaries, climate regions, languages and cultures. Early career scientists are crucial in the identification of, and engagement with, obstacles and opportunities in the development of innovative solutions to complex and interconnected problems. On 25-31 May 2014, International Council for Science and International Social Science Council, in collaboration with the International Network of Next-Generation Ecologists and Institute for New Economic Thinking: Young Scholars Initiative, assembled a group of early career researchers with diverse backgrounds and research perspectives to reflect on and debate relevant issues around ecosystems and human …
Changing Forest Structure Across The Landscape Of The Sierra Nevada, Ca, Usa, Since The 1930s, Christopher R. Dolanc, Hugh D. Safford, James H. Thorne, Solomon Z. Dobrowski
Changing Forest Structure Across The Landscape Of The Sierra Nevada, Ca, Usa, Since The 1930s, Christopher R. Dolanc, Hugh D. Safford, James H. Thorne, Solomon Z. Dobrowski
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Understanding the dynamics of forest structure aids inference regarding future forests and their distributions around the world. Over the last few decades, several papers have addressed changing forest structure in the Sierra Nevada, CA, USA, but these studies were limited in scope. We carried out a broad comparison of forest density and composition in the 1930s versus the 2000s for the west slope of the central and northern Sierra Nevada, using the two most extensive data sets available. Forests in this region have endured a long, complex history of human disturbance, and are now experiencing climatic shifts. We subdivided the …
Spatially Nonrandom Tree Mortality And Ingrowth Maintain Equilibrium Pattern In An Old-Growth Pseudotsuga–Tsuga Forest, James A. Lutz, Andrew J. Larson, Tucker J. Furniss, Daniel C. Donato, James A. Freund, Mark E. Swanson, Kenneth J. Bible, Jiquan Chen, Jerry F. Franklin
Spatially Nonrandom Tree Mortality And Ingrowth Maintain Equilibrium Pattern In An Old-Growth Pseudotsuga–Tsuga Forest, James A. Lutz, Andrew J. Larson, Tucker J. Furniss, Daniel C. Donato, James A. Freund, Mark E. Swanson, Kenneth J. Bible, Jiquan Chen, Jerry F. Franklin
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Mortality processes in old-growth forests are generally assumed to be driven by gap-scale disturbance, with only a limited role ascribed to density-dependent mortality, but these assumptions are rarely tested with data sets incorporating repeated measurements. Using a 12-ha spatially explicit plot censused 13 years apart in an approximately 500-year-old Pseudotsuga–Tsuga forest, we demonstrate significant density-dependent mortality and spatially aggregated tree recruitment. However, the combined effect of these strongly nonrandom demographic processes was to maintain tree patterns in a state of dynamic equilibrium. Density-dependent mortality was most pronounced for the dominant latesuccessional species, Tsuga heterophylla. The long-lived, early-seral Pseudotsuga menziesii …
Can Fire Atlas Data Improve Species Distribution Model Projections?, Shawn M. Crimmins, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, Alison R. Mynsberge, Hugh D. Safford
Can Fire Atlas Data Improve Species Distribution Model Projections?, Shawn M. Crimmins, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, Alison R. Mynsberge, Hugh D. Safford
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Correlative species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used in studies of climate change impacts, yet are often criticized for failing to incorporate disturbance processes that can influence species distributions. Here we use two temporally independent data sets of vascular plant distributions, climate data, and fire atlas data to examine the influence of disturbance history on SDM projection accuracy through time in the mountain ranges of California, USA. We used hierarchical partitioning to examine the influence of fire occurrence on the distribution of 144 vascular plant species and built a suite of SDMs to examine how the inclusion of fire-related predictors …
Fire Activity And Severity In The Western Us Vary Along Proxy Gradients Representing Fuel Amount And Fuel Moisture, Sean A. Parks, Marc-Andrè Parisien, Carol Miller, Solomon Z. Dobrowski
Fire Activity And Severity In The Western Us Vary Along Proxy Gradients Representing Fuel Amount And Fuel Moisture, Sean A. Parks, Marc-Andrè Parisien, Carol Miller, Solomon Z. Dobrowski
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Numerous theoretical and empirical studies have shown that wildfire activity (e.g., area burned) at regional to global scales may be limited at the extremes of environmental gradients such as productivity or moisture. Fire activity, however, represents only one component of the fire regime, and no studies to date have characterized fire severity along such gradients. Given the importance of fire severity in dictating ecological response to fire, this is a considerable knowledge gap. For the western US, we quantify relationships between climate and the fire regime by empirically describing both fire activity and severity along two climatic water balance gradients, …
Local Spatial Structure Of Forest Biomass And Its Consequences For Remote Sensing Of Carbon Stocks, M. Rejou-Mechain, H. C. Muller-Landau, M. Detto, S. C. Thomas, T. Le Toan, S. S. Saatchi, J. S. Barreto-Silvia, N. A. Bourg, S. Bunyavejchewin, N. Butt, W. Y. Brockelman, M. Cao, D. Cardenas, J.-M. Chiang, G. B. Chuyong, K. Clay, R. Condit, H. S. Dattaraja, S. J. Davies, A. Duque, S. Esufali, C. Ewango, R.H.S. Fernando, C. D. Fletcher, I.A.U.N. Gunatilleke, Z. Hao, K. E. Harms, T. B. Hart, B. Herault, R. W. Howe, S. P. Hubbell, D. J. Johnson, D. Kenfack, A. J. Larson, L. Lin, Y. Lin, J. A. Lutz, J.-R. Makana, Y. Malhi, T. R. Marthews, R. W. Mcewan, S. M. Mcmahon, W. J. Mcshea, R. Muscarella, A. Nathalang, N.S.M. Noor, C. J. Nytch, A. A. Oliveira, R. P. Phillips, N. Pongpattananurak, R. Punchi-Manage, R. Salim, J. Schurman, R. Sukumar, H. S. Suresh, U. Suwanvecho, D. W. Thomas, J. Thompson, M. Uriarte, R. Valencia, A. Vicentini, A. T. Wolf, S. Yap, Z. Yuan, C. E. Zartman, J. K. Zimmerman, J. Chave
Local Spatial Structure Of Forest Biomass And Its Consequences For Remote Sensing Of Carbon Stocks, M. Rejou-Mechain, H. C. Muller-Landau, M. Detto, S. C. Thomas, T. Le Toan, S. S. Saatchi, J. S. Barreto-Silvia, N. A. Bourg, S. Bunyavejchewin, N. Butt, W. Y. Brockelman, M. Cao, D. Cardenas, J.-M. Chiang, G. B. Chuyong, K. Clay, R. Condit, H. S. Dattaraja, S. J. Davies, A. Duque, S. Esufali, C. Ewango, R.H.S. Fernando, C. D. Fletcher, I.A.U.N. Gunatilleke, Z. Hao, K. E. Harms, T. B. Hart, B. Herault, R. W. Howe, S. P. Hubbell, D. J. Johnson, D. Kenfack, A. J. Larson, L. Lin, Y. Lin, J. A. Lutz, J.-R. Makana, Y. Malhi, T. R. Marthews, R. W. Mcewan, S. M. Mcmahon, W. J. Mcshea, R. Muscarella, A. Nathalang, N.S.M. Noor, C. J. Nytch, A. A. Oliveira, R. P. Phillips, N. Pongpattananurak, R. Punchi-Manage, R. Salim, J. Schurman, R. Sukumar, H. S. Suresh, U. Suwanvecho, D. W. Thomas, J. Thompson, M. Uriarte, R. Valencia, A. Vicentini, A. T. Wolf, S. Yap, Z. Yuan, C. E. Zartman, J. K. Zimmerman, J. Chave
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Advances in forest carbon mapping have the potential to greatly reduce uncertainties in the global carbon budget and to facilitate effective emissions mitigation strategies such as REDD+. Though broad scale mapping is based primarily on remote sensing data, the accuracy of resulting forest carbon stock estimates depends critically on the quality of field measurements and calibration procedures. The mismatch in spatial scales between field inventory plots and larger pixels of current and planned remote sensing products for forest biomass mapping is of particular concern, as it has the potential to introduce errors, especially if forest biomass shows strong local spatial …
Structure And Composition Of Old-Growth And Unmanaged Second-Growth Riparian Forests At Redwood National Park, Usa, Christopher R. Keyes, Emily K. Teraoka
Structure And Composition Of Old-Growth And Unmanaged Second-Growth Riparian Forests At Redwood National Park, Usa, Christopher R. Keyes, Emily K. Teraoka
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Restoration of second-growth riparian stands has become an important issue for managers of redwood (Sequoia sempervirens [D. Don] Endl.) forest reserves. Identifying differences between old-growth and second-growth forest vegetation is a necessary step in evaluating restoration needs and targets. The objective of this study was to characterize and contrast vegetation structure and composition in old-growth and unmanaged second-growth riparian forests in adjacent, geomorphologically similar watersheds at Redwood National Park. In the old-growth, redwood was the dominant overstory species in terms of stem density, basal area, and importance values. Second-growth was dominated by red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.), …
Understanding Relationships Among Abundance, Extirpation, And Climate At Ecoregional Scales, Erik A. Beever, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, J. Long, A. R. Mynsberge, N. B. Piekielek
Understanding Relationships Among Abundance, Extirpation, And Climate At Ecoregional Scales, Erik A. Beever, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, J. Long, A. R. Mynsberge, N. B. Piekielek
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Recent research on mountain-dwelling species has illustrated changes in species' distributional patterns in response to climate change. Abundance of a species will likely provide an earlier warning indicator of change than will occupancy, yet relationships between abundance and climatic factors have received less attention. We tested whether predictors of counts of American pikas (Ochotona princeps) during surveys from the Great Basin region in 1994-1999 and 2003-2008 differed between the two periods. Additionally, we tested whether various modeled aspects of ecohydrology better predicted relative density than did average annual precipitation, and whether risk of site-wide extirpation predicted subsequent population counts of …
A Comparison Of Producer Gas, Biochar, And Activated Carbon From Two Distributed Scale Thermochemical Conversion Systems Used To Process Forest Biomass, Nathaniel Anderson, J. Greg Jones, Deborah Page-Dumroese, Daniel Mccollum, Stephen Baker, Daniel Loeffler, Woodam Chung
A Comparison Of Producer Gas, Biochar, And Activated Carbon From Two Distributed Scale Thermochemical Conversion Systems Used To Process Forest Biomass, Nathaniel Anderson, J. Greg Jones, Deborah Page-Dumroese, Daniel Mccollum, Stephen Baker, Daniel Loeffler, Woodam Chung
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Thermochemical biomass conversion systems have the potential to produce heat, power, fuels and other products from forest biomass at distributed scales that meet the needs of some forest industry facilities. However, many of these systems have not been deployed in this sector and the products they produce from forest biomass have not been adequately described or characterized with regards to chemical properties, possible uses, and markets. This paper characterizes the producer gas, biochar, and activated carbon of a 700 kg h−1 prototype gasification system and a 225 kg h−1 pyrolysis system used to process coniferous sawmill and forest …
Decision Making In Forest Road Planning Considering Both Skidding And Road Costs: A Case Study In The Hyrcanian Forest In Iran, M. Jourgholami, E. Abdi, Woodam Chung
Decision Making In Forest Road Planning Considering Both Skidding And Road Costs: A Case Study In The Hyrcanian Forest In Iran, M. Jourgholami, E. Abdi, Woodam Chung
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Hyrcanian forest is the only forest designated for commercial timber production in Iran. Ground-based skidding is the most common extraction system used in the forest, though large parts of the forest are still inaccessible due to the low road density (1-2 m ha-1). To facilitate timber harvesting in the forest, it has been proposed to increase the road density up to 20 m ha-1. The aim of this study was to incorporate the estimated skidding costs through a time study into an existing transportation planning tool, NETWORK 2000, to help decision making on forest road building. …
Latent Resilience In Ponderosa Pine Forest: Effects Of Resumed Frequent Fire, Andrew J. Larson, R. Travis Belote, C. Alina Cansler, Sean A. Parks, Matthew S. Dietz
Latent Resilience In Ponderosa Pine Forest: Effects Of Resumed Frequent Fire, Andrew J. Larson, R. Travis Belote, C. Alina Cansler, Sean A. Parks, Matthew S. Dietz
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Ecological systems often exhibit resilient states that are maintained through negative feedbacks. In ponderosa pine forests, fire historically represented the negative feedback mechanism that maintained ecosystem resilience; fire exclusion reduced that resilience, predisposing the transition to an alternative ecosystem state upon reintroduction of fire. We evaluated the effects of reintroduced frequent wildfire in unlogged, fire-excluded, ponderosa pine forest in the Bob Marshall Wilderness, Montana, USA. Initial reintroduction of fire in 2003 reduced tree density and consumed surface fuels, but also stimulated establishment of a dense cohort of lodgepole pine, maintaining a trajectory toward an alternative state. Resumption of a frequent …
A True Partnership, Paul Alaback
A True Partnership, Paul Alaback
Forest Management Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Ecological Importance Of Large-Diameter Trees In A Temperate Mixed-Conifer Forest, James A. Lutz, Andrew J. Larson, Mark E. Swanson, James A. Freund
Ecological Importance Of Large-Diameter Trees In A Temperate Mixed-Conifer Forest, James A. Lutz, Andrew J. Larson, Mark E. Swanson, James A. Freund
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Large-diameter trees dominate the structure, dynamics and function of many temperate and tropical forests. Although both scaling theory and competition theory make predictions about the relative composition and spatial patterns of large diameter trees compared to smaller diameter trees, these predictions are rarely tested. We established a 25.6 ha permanent plot within which we tagged and mapped all trees greater than or equal to 1 cm dbh, all snags greater than or equal to 10 cm dbh, and all shrub patches greater than or equal to 2 m2. We sampled downed woody debris, litter, and duff with line …
Biomass And Burning Characteristics Of Sugar Pine Cones, Anton T. Gabrielson, Andrew J. Larson, James A. Lutz, James J. Reardon
Biomass And Burning Characteristics Of Sugar Pine Cones, Anton T. Gabrielson, Andrew J. Larson, James A. Lutz, James J. Reardon
Forest Management Faculty Publications
We investigated the physical and burning characteristics of sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Douglas) cones and their contribution to woody surface fuel loadings. Field sampling was conducted at the Yosemite Forest Dynamics Plot (YFDP), a 25.6 ha mapped study plot in Yosemite National Park, California, USA. We developed a classification system to describe sugar pine cones of different sizes and decay conditions, and examined differences among cone classes in biomass, bulk density, flame length, burning time, consumption, and relative contribution to surface fuel loads. Sugar pine cones comprised 601 kg ha-1 of surface fuels. Mature cones comprised 54% of …
Early-Stage Thinning For The Restoration Of Young Redwood--Douglas-Fir Forests In Northern Coastal California, Usa, Jesse F. Plummer, Christopher R. Keyes, J. Morgan Varner
Early-Stage Thinning For The Restoration Of Young Redwood--Douglas-Fir Forests In Northern Coastal California, Usa, Jesse F. Plummer, Christopher R. Keyes, J. Morgan Varner
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Among forested parks and reserves of the Pacific Coast of the United States, the restoration of late-successional conditions to second-growth stands is a management priority. Some traditional silvicultural treatments may help achieve this objective. We evaluated early-stage thinning as a restoration treatment to facilitate the growth and development of young (33- to 45-year old), homogeneous, and second-growth stands of coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Targeting both stand-level responses and dominant (focal) tree responses for analysis, we compared structural attributes of adjacent thinned and unthinned stands, 12–17 years after thinning. Thinned stands displayed enhanced metrics of tree vigor, …
User's Guide To Snap For Arcgis : Arcgis Interface For Scheduling And Network Analysis Program, Woodam Chung, Dennis Dykstra, Fred Bower, Stephen O'Brien, Richard M. Abt, John Sessions
User's Guide To Snap For Arcgis : Arcgis Interface For Scheduling And Network Analysis Program, Woodam Chung, Dennis Dykstra, Fred Bower, Stephen O'Brien, Richard M. Abt, John Sessions
Forest Management Faculty Publications
This document introduces a computer software named SNAP for ArcGIS®, which has been developed to streamline scheduling and transportation planning for timber harvest areas. Using modern optimization techniques, it can be used to spatially schedule timber harvest with consideration of harvesting costs, multiple products, alternative destinations, and transportation systems. SNAP for ArcGIS attempts either to maximize a net present value or minimize discounted costs of harvesting and transportation over the planning horizon while meeting given harvest volume and acreage constraints. SNAP for ArcGIS works in the ArcGIS environment and provides an easy-to-use analytical tool for sophisticated spatial planning of timber …
Deriving Fuel Mass By Size Class In Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga Menziesii) Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning, Carl Seielstad, Crystal Stonesifer, Eric Rowell, Lloyd Queen
Deriving Fuel Mass By Size Class In Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga Menziesii) Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning, Carl Seielstad, Crystal Stonesifer, Eric Rowell, Lloyd Queen
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Requirements for describing coniferous forests are changing in response to wildfire concerns, bio-energy needs, and climate change interests. At the same time, technology advancements are transforming how forest properties can be measured. Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) is yielding promising results for measuring tree biomass parameters that, historically, have required costly destructive sampling and resulted in small sample sizes. Here we investigate whether TLS intensity data can be used to distinguish foliage and small branches (less than or equal to 0.635 cm diameter; coincident with the one-hour timelag fuel size class) from larger branchwood (>0.635 cm) in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga …
Modeling Plant Ranges Over 75 Years Of Climate Change In California, Usa: Temporal Transferability And Species Traits, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, James H. Thorne, Johnathan A. Greenberg, Hugh D. Safford, Alison R. Mynsberge, Shawn M. Crimmins, Alan K. Swanson
Modeling Plant Ranges Over 75 Years Of Climate Change In California, Usa: Temporal Transferability And Species Traits, Solomon Z. Dobrowski, James H. Thorne, Johnathan A. Greenberg, Hugh D. Safford, Alison R. Mynsberge, Shawn M. Crimmins, Alan K. Swanson
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Species distribution model (SDM) projections under future climate scenarios are increasingly being used to inform resource management and conservation strategies. A critical assumption for projecting climate change responses is that SDMs are transferable through time, an assumption that is largely untested because investigators often lack temporally independent data for assessing transferability. Further, understanding how the ecology of species influences temporal transferability is critical yet almost wholly lacking. This raises two questions. (1) Are SDM projections transferable in time? (2) Does temporal transferability relate to species ecological traits? To address these questions we developed SDMs for 133 vascular plant species using …
Assessing The Performance Of Sampling Designs For Measuring The Abundance Of Understory Plants, Ilana L. Abrahamson, Cara R. Nelson, David L.R. Affleck
Assessing The Performance Of Sampling Designs For Measuring The Abundance Of Understory Plants, Ilana L. Abrahamson, Cara R. Nelson, David L.R. Affleck
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Accurate estimation of responses of understory plants to disturbance is essential for understanding the efficacy of management activities. However, the ability to assess changes in the abundance of plants may be hampered by inappropriate sampling methodologies. Conventional methods for sampling understory plants may be precise for common species but may fail to adequately characterize abundance of less common species. We tested conventional (modified Whittaker plots and Daubenmire and point–line intercept transects) and novel (strip adaptive cluster sampling [SACS]) approaches to sampling understory plants to determine their efficacy for quantifying abundance on control and thinned-and-burned treatment units in Pinus ponderosa forests …
Invasive Pathogen Threatens Bird-Pine Mutualism: Implications For Sustaining A High-Elevation Ecosystem, Shawn T. Mckinney, Carl E. Fiedler, Diana F. Tomback
Invasive Pathogen Threatens Bird-Pine Mutualism: Implications For Sustaining A High-Elevation Ecosystem, Shawn T. Mckinney, Carl E. Fiedler, Diana F. Tomback
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Human-caused disruptions to seed-dispersal mutualisms increase the extinction risk for both plant and animal species. Large-seeded plants can be particularly vulnerable due to highly specialized dispersal systems and no compensatory regeneration mechanisms. Whitebark pine ( Pinus albicaulis), a keystone subalpine species, obligately depends upon the Clark's Nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana) for dispersal of its large, wingless seeds. Clark's Nutcracker, a facultative mutualist with whitebark pine, is sensitive to rates of energy gain, and emigrates from subalpine forests during periods of cone shortages. The invasive fungal pathogen Cronartium ribicola, which causes white pine blister rust, reduces whitebark pine cone production by killing …
Fire Treatment Effects On Vegetation Structure, Fuels, And Potential Fire Severity In Western Us Forests, Scott L. Stephens, Jason J. Moghaddas, Carl Edminster, Carl E. Fiedler, Sally Haase, Michael Harrington, Jon E. Keeley, Eric E. Knapp, James D. Mciver, Kerry Metlen, Carl N. Skinner, Andrew Youngblood
Fire Treatment Effects On Vegetation Structure, Fuels, And Potential Fire Severity In Western Us Forests, Scott L. Stephens, Jason J. Moghaddas, Carl Edminster, Carl E. Fiedler, Sally Haase, Michael Harrington, Jon E. Keeley, Eric E. Knapp, James D. Mciver, Kerry Metlen, Carl N. Skinner, Andrew Youngblood
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Forest structure and species composition in many western U. S. coniferous forests have been altered through. re exclusion, past and ongoing harvesting practices, and livestock grazing over the 20th century. The effects of these activities have been most pronounced in seasonally dry, low and mid-elevation coniferous forests that once experienced frequent, low to moderate intensity,. re regimes. In this paper, we report the effects of Fire and Fire Surrogate (FFS) forest stand treatments on fuel load profiles, potential fire behavior, and fire severity under three weather scenarios from six western U. S. FFS sites. This replicated, multisite experiment provides a …
The National Fire And Fire Surrogate Study: Effects Of Fuel Reduction Methods On Forest Vegetation Structure And Fuels, Dylan W. Schwilk, Jon E. Keeley, Eric E. Knapp, James Mciver, John D. Bailey, Christopher J. Fettig, Carl Fiedler, Richy J. Harrod, Jason J. Moghaddas, Kenneth W. Outcalt, Carl N. Skinner, Scott L. Stephens, Thomas A. Waldrop, Daniel A. Yaussy, Andrew Youngblood
The National Fire And Fire Surrogate Study: Effects Of Fuel Reduction Methods On Forest Vegetation Structure And Fuels, Dylan W. Schwilk, Jon E. Keeley, Eric E. Knapp, James Mciver, John D. Bailey, Christopher J. Fettig, Carl Fiedler, Richy J. Harrod, Jason J. Moghaddas, Kenneth W. Outcalt, Carl N. Skinner, Scott L. Stephens, Thomas A. Waldrop, Daniel A. Yaussy, Andrew Youngblood
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Changes in vegetation and fuels were evaluated from measurements taken before and after fuel reduction treatments (prescribed. re, mechanical treatments, and the combination of the two) at 12 Fire and Fire Surrogate (FFS) sites located in forests with a surface. re regime across the conterminous United States. To test the relative effectiveness of fuel reduction treatments and their effect on ecological parameters we used an information-theoretic approach on a suite of 12 variables representing the overstory (basal area and live tree, sapling, and snag density), the understory (seedling density, shrub cover, and native and alien herbaceous species richness), and the …
Potential Site Productivity Influences The Rate Of Forest Structural Development, Andrew J. Larson, James A. Lutz, Rolf F. Gersonde, Jerry F. Franklin, Forest F. Hietpas
Potential Site Productivity Influences The Rate Of Forest Structural Development, Andrew J. Larson, James A. Lutz, Rolf F. Gersonde, Jerry F. Franklin, Forest F. Hietpas
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Development and maintenance of structurally complex forests in landscapes formerly managed for timber production is an increasingly common management objective. It has been postulated that the rate of forest structural development increases with site productivity. We tested this hypothesis for Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) forests using a network of permanent study plots established following complete timber harvest of the original old-growth forests. Forest structural development was assessed by comparing empirical measures of live tree structure to published values for Douglas-fir forests spanning a range of ages and structural conditions. The rate of forest structural development—resilience—exhibited a positive relationship …
Monitoring Old Growth In Frequent-Fire Landscapes, Carl E. Fiedler, Peter Friederici, Mark Petruncio
Monitoring Old Growth In Frequent-Fire Landscapes, Carl E. Fiedler, Peter Friederici, Mark Petruncio
Forest Management Faculty Publications
In this article, we discuss how to monitor the structural and functional attributes of old growth, as well as its associated plant communities and wildlife, both to determine the possible need for treatment and to assess post-treatment progress toward desired conditions. Monitoring can be used to detect conditions (or agents) that threaten existing old growth and also to document indicators of healthy, functioning old-growth systems.
Managing For Old Growth In Frequent-Fire Landscapes, Carl E. Fiedler, Peter Friederici, Mark Petruncio, Charles Denton, W. David Hacker
Managing For Old Growth In Frequent-Fire Landscapes, Carl E. Fiedler, Peter Friederici, Mark Petruncio, Charles Denton, W. David Hacker
Forest Management Faculty Publications
There is no one-size-fits-all approach to managing frequent-fire, old-growth forests. However, there are general guidelines to follow: 1) set objectives for both structure (tree density, diameter distribution, tree species composition, spatial arrangement, amount of coarse woody debris) and function (nutrient cycling, desired tree species regeneration); 2) prioritize treatments according to ecological, economic, and social needs and risks; 3) identify the potential treatments (natural fire, prescribed fire, silvicultural cutting) that best meet the objectives and scale of the project; and 4) implement the treatment (s). We discuss each of these guidelines in this article.
Analysis Of Flow Competence In An Alluvial Gravel Bed Stream, Dupuyer Creek, Montana, Andrew C. Whitaker, Donald F. Potts
Analysis Of Flow Competence In An Alluvial Gravel Bed Stream, Dupuyer Creek, Montana, Andrew C. Whitaker, Donald F. Potts
Forest Management Faculty Publications
Critical shear stress and unit discharge flow competence models were tested against coarse bed load data from Dupuyer Creek, Montana, United States. Maximum particle sizes sampled (Dmax) and D-50 to D-90 percentiles in the bed load grain size distribution were well correlated with both shear stress and unit discharge. Bed load grain sizes became coarser with increasing flow strength. For the D-max curve, Shields dimensionless parameter for the surface D-50 was estimated at 0.044, and the exponent for relative particle size (D-i/ D-50) was - 0.59. In the unit discharge criterion the critical flow to entrain the surface D50 was …
Nitrogen Spatial Heterogeneity Influences Diversity Following Restoration In A Ponderosa Pine Forest, Montana, Michael J. Gundale, Kerry L. Metlen, Carl E. Fiedler, Thomas H. Deluca
Nitrogen Spatial Heterogeneity Influences Diversity Following Restoration In A Ponderosa Pine Forest, Montana, Michael J. Gundale, Kerry L. Metlen, Carl E. Fiedler, Thomas H. Deluca
Forest Management Faculty Publications
The resource heterogeneity hypothesis (RHH) is frequently cited in the ecological literature as an important mechanism for maintaining species diversity. The RHH has rarely been evaluated in the context of restoration ecology in which a commonly cited goal is to restore diversity. In this study we focused oil the spatial heterogeneity of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) following restoration treatments in a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa)/Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga inenziesii) forest in western Montana, USA. Our objective was to evaluate relationships between understory species richness and TIN heterogeneity following mechanical thinning (thin-only), prescribed burning (burn-only), and mechanical thinning with prescribed burning (thin/burn) to …