Life Sciences Commons^™

Cranes Of The World In 2008: A Supplement To Crane Music, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

Time proceeds inexorably onward, and it has been 17 years since the first edition of Crane Music was published. During that time more than a billion people have been added to the earth's roles, and global warming has increasingly been recognized as a real tlu:oat to our planet's future. Although during that period a small percentage of Americans have become very rich through advances in technology, expanding markets and globalization, wildlife in general has suffered. Continuing population growth and associated economic and ecological pressures have resulted in greatly increased deforestation, wetland drainage, and destruction of natural habitats. Additionally, global climate …

Louis A. Fuertes And The Zoological Art Of The 1926–1927 Abyssinian Expedition Of The Field Museum Of Natural History, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

The year 2009 marked the 110th anniversary of the first colored reproduction of a Fuertes painting; a watercolor of two seaside sparrows published in The Auk, when Fuertes was about 25 years old. Although Fuertes' life spanned little more than a half-century, and most living ornithologists were born after his tragic 1927 death, his influence on natural history art has not lessened. This manuscript is a testimony to his enduring artistic legacy.

I first looked in awe at the original set of Fuertes paintings in the summer of 1995, during a visit to the Field Museum in conjunction with …

Geographic Variation In Malarial Parasite Lineages In The Common Yellowthroat (Geothlypis Trichas), K. M. Pagenkopp, John Klicka, K. L. Durrant, J. C. Garvin, R. C. Fleischer

Ornithology Program (HRC)

Our current understanding of migration routes of many birds is limited and researchers have employed various methods to determine migratory patterns. Recently, parasites have been used to track migratory birds. The objective of this study was to determine whether haemosporidian parasite lineages detect significant geographic structure in common yellowthroats (Geothlypis trichas). We examined liver tissue or blood from 552 birds sampled from multiple locations throughout the continental United States, southern Canada, and the Bahamas. We found a 52.7% overall prevalence of haematozoan infection. We identified 86.1% of these infections to genus: 81% were Plasmodium; 5% were Haemoproteus …

Effects Of Olfactory And Visual Predators On Nest Success And Nest-Site Selection Of Waterfowl In North Dakota, Jennifer Borgo

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

No abstract provided.

Preliminary Analysis Of The Ecology And Geography Of The Asian Nuthatches (Aves: Sittidae), Shaily Menon, Zafar-Ul Islam, Jorge Soberon, A. Townsend Peterson

Peer Reviewed Publications

We explored distributions of Asian nuthatch species in ecological and geographic space using ecological niche modeling based on occurrence data associated with specimens and observations. Nuthatches represent a well-defined clade occurring throughout the Northern Hemisphere, but are most diverse in southern Asia where 15 of the 24 species occur and where the lineage is believed to have evolved. Species richness was focused in a narrow east-west band corresponding to the forested parts of the Himalayas with a maximum number of nine species predicted present in these foci. The distributional predictions have a mid-elevation focus with highest species diversity between 1,000 …

Fall Field Report, August-November 2008, W. Ross Silcock

Nebraska Bird Review

Of interest to many is evidence of northward movement of species which generally summer on the Great Plains. In addition to White-winged Dove and Scissor-tailed Flycatcher, both slowly establishing as breeders in Nebraska, significant numbers of Glossy Ibis continue to be found, probably associated with major increases in numbers of White-faced Ibis. Perhaps the biggest surprise this late summer and early fall was the large number of Lesser Goldfinches reported from the southern Panhandle.

Less exciting by far, but worthy of attention were reports of several Mute Swans in the Omaha area, including a duo of juveniles, and a couple …

Remembering Everett Gross And Lee Morris

Nebraska Bird Review

Everett Gross, NOU member since 1966, passed away on March 5, 2008, at the age of 88. Mildred, his wife of 65 years, preceded him in death by only a few months [see June 2007 NBR, p. 62]. Both were regular participants at the NOU spring and fall gatherings.

Lee Morris of Benedict was another loyal, longtime member of the NOU. Lee was 86 when he passed away on July 14, 2008. He is survived by his wife, Shirley, sons James, Steve (also an NOU member), and Tom, and daughter, Linda. Lee was an NOU officer in the 1960s, and …

Fall Field Days At Ashland

Nebraska Bird Review

The Fall Field Days were held southeast of Ashland at the Carol Joy Holling Conference Center September 26-28. Field trips to Platte River and Schramm State Parks, Louisville and Memphis SRAs, Jack Sinn WMA, Fontenelle Forest, and Spring Creek Prairie were led by Kevin Poague, Clem Klaphake, Larry Einemann, Rick Schmid, and Don and Janis Paseka.

Hawk migration was in full swing, and we observed 10 species, including a number of Broad-wings and Swainson's. An American Golden-Plover was a standout among the dozen shorebird species, and 10 warbler species were found, including Black-throated Green and Canada. Total species count was …

Index To Volume 76

Nebraska Bird Review

Alberts, Byron 52

Aleman-Zometa, Jason 155

Alexander,

George 20

Irene 20

R. D. 79

Allen, Sue 20

Anderson, S. H. 80

Anhinga 113

Atwood, J. L. 80

Aubushon, Kathy 19

Audubon, John J. 84-85

Avocet, American 58, 87, 101, 142, 159

Subscription And Organization Information [December 2008]

Nebraska Bird Review

The Nebraska Bird Review is published quarterly by the Nebraska Ornithologists' Union, Inc., as its official journal, and is sent to members not in arrears of dues. Annual subscription rates (on a calendar-year basis only): $15 in the United States, $18 in Canada and $30 in all other countries, payable in advance. Single copies are $4 each, postpaid, in the United States, $5 in Canada, and $8 elsewhere. Send orders for back issues to Mary Lou Pritchard, NOU Librarian, c/o University of Nebraska State Museum, W-436 Nebraska Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0514.

Memberships in the NOU (on a calendar-year basis only): …

Nebraska Bird Review (December 2008) 76(4), Whole Issue

Nebraska Bird Review

Fall Field Report, August–November 2008 ... 134

The 2007 Nebraska Nest Report ... 155

Fall Field Days at Ashland ... 165

Remembering Everett Gross and Lee Morris ... 169

Book Review [Birding in the Northern Plains: The Ornithological Writings of Herbert Krause] ... 171

Index to Volume 76 ... 172

Subscription and Organization Information ... 183

The 2007 Nebraska Nest Report, Wayne J. Mollhoff

Nebraska Bird Review

Rains returned to most of the state this breeding season, with the notable exception of almost the entire Panhandle and the western Sandhills, where the 8-year drought continues. In the western Sandhills some early rains began to restore water levels in the potholes and lakes, but levels fell again as the summer wore on. While recovering water levels in much of the Rainwater Basin brought renewed breeding activity by at least some of the marsh and water birds, continued dry conditions in the western Sandhills curtailed breeding by many water bird species there, with reduced or no breeding by grebes …

Book Review [Birding In The Northern Plains: The Ornithological Writings Of Herbert Krause], Paul A. Johnsgard

Nebraska Bird Review

Birding in the Northern Plains: The Ornithological Writings of Herbert Krause. Ronald R. Nelson, editor. 2008. The Center for Western Studies, Augustana College, Sioux Falls, SD. 252 pp. ISBN 978-0-9312170-87-4. Price: $27.50.

Herbert Krause was a native of Minnesota who spent most of his life in South Dakota, teaching at Augustana College from 1938 until his death in 1976. During that time he wrote extensively on South Dakota birds, much of which appeared in South Dakota Bird Notes, the journal of the South Dakota Ornithologists' Union. This book, assembled and edited by his long-time friend Ronald Nelson, brings …

Monogenic Control Of Sex-Limited Colouration In The Honey Gourami, Trichogaster Chuna, Jack Frankel

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

Of the numerous subtropical and tropical freshwater speciesof fish, labyrinth fish are among the most varied in bodymarkings and colouration patterns. Four taxonomic families(Belontiidae, Anabantidae, Helostomatidae, and Osphrone-midae) of the suborder Anabantoidei comprise the ‘tradi-tional’ labyrinth fishes, a group of about 80 African andSoutheast Asian species (Linke 1991). These Anabantoidsare popular with aquarists due to their interesting reproduc-tive behaviours, with males of most species brooding eggs intheir mouths or in floating bubble nests (Vevers 1980; Linke1991; Axelrod and Vorderwinkler 1995; Mills 2000). Theyhave also been the focus of genetic, environmental, and mor-phological studies (Sommer 1982; Gosline 1985; Klinkhardtet al. 1995; …

Unintended Facilitation Between Marine Consumers Generates Enhanced Mortality For Their Shared Prey, F. Joel Fodrie, Matthew D. Kenworthy, Sean P. Powers

University Faculty and Staff Publications

We manipulated predator densities and prey vulnerability to explore how interactions between two predators affect overall mortality of their shared prey. Our threemember study system included eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and two of its major consumers: southern oyster drills (Stramonita haemastoma) and stone crabs (Menippe adina). Field experiments demonstrated that drills and crabs foraging together generated higher than expected oyster mortality based on each species operating independently, even though crabs also killed some drills. In subsequent laboratory trials, we experimentally mimicked the handling of oysters by foraging crabs and confirmed that crabs facilitated drills by breeching oyster valves, thereby granting …

Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 2008, Zelpha B. Johnson, D. Wayne Kellogg

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Some Items To Consider Before You Change The Calving Season Of Your Beef Cow Herd, Randall D. Weidmeier, Adam Summers, D. R. Zobell, Dillon M. Feuz

All Current Publications

This publication gives important items to consider before changing calving seasons of beef cow herds.

Body Weights And Species Distributions Of Birds In Nebraska's Central And Western Platte Valley, William C. Scharf, Josef Kren, Paul A. Johnsgard, Linda R. Brown

Papers in Ornithology

Data are presented on nearly 18,000 bird-captures involving 125 species banded between 1992 and 2005 at two Platte Valley study areas in central and western Nebraska. Weight data for more than 1 1,500 individuals of 74 species are summarized by age, sex and banding site, including several species having larger samples than in any previously published reports. Breeding evidence was obtained for 67 species in one or both locations, and 108 of the total 125 species banded were migrants, 71 percent of which were Neotropical migrants. The largest banding totals were obtained at Cedar Point Biological Station, in Keith County, …

Nutrient Loading And Eutrophication In The Great Salt Lake, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Striped Bass Stocks In Virginia, Monitoring And Tagging Studies, 2004-2008 Annual Report, 1 September 2007 - 31 September 2008, Philip W. Sadler, John M. Hoenig, Robert E. Harris, Matthew W. Smith, Rebecca J. Wilk, Lydia M. Goins

Reports

This report presents the results of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) tagging and monitoring activities in Virginia during the period 1 September 2007 through 31 August 2008. It includes an assessment of the biological characteristics of striped bass taken from the 2008 spring spawning run, estimates of annual survival and fishing mortality based on annual spring tagging, and the results of the study that documents the prevalence of mycobacterial infections of striped bass in Chesapeake Bay. The information contained in this report is required by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission and is used to implement a coordinated management plan for …

The Evolutionary Dynamics Of The Lion Panthera Leo Revealed By Host And Viral Population Genomics, Agostinho Antunes, Jennifer L. Troyer, Melody E. Roelke, Jill Pecon-Slattery, Craig Packer, Christiaan Winterbach, Graham Hemson, Laurence G. Frank, Philip Stander, Ludwig Siefert, Margaret Driciru, Paul J. Funston, Kathy A. Alexander, Katherine C. Prager, Gus Mills, David E. Wildt, Mitch E. Bush, Stephen J. O'Brien, Warren E. Johnson

Biology Faculty Articles

The lion Panthera leo is one of the world's most charismatic carnivores and is one of Africa's key predators. Here, we used a large dataset from 357 lions comprehending 1.13 megabases of sequence data and genotypes from 22 microsatellite loci to characterize its recent evolutionary history. Patterns of molecular genetic variation in multiple maternal (mtDNA), paternal (Y-chromosome), and biparental nuclear (nDNA) genetic markers were compared with patterns of sequence and subtype variation of the lion feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV_Ple), a lentivirus analogous to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In spite of the ability of lions to disperse long distances, …

Fertility Of Semen Used In Commercial Production And The Impact Of Sperm Numbers And Bacterial Counts, D. L. Reicks, Donald G. Levis

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective was to monitor sperm counts and bacterial presence on randomly pooled semen doses over 3 years and to determine effects on the farrowing rate and total born in two large farm systems, each serviced by its own boar stud. Sperm counts were divided into increments of 0.5 × 10⁹ for data analysis. There was no effect of sperm count or the presence of bacteria on farrowing rate (n = 9502 observations). Furthermore, based on 7311 observations, there was no effect of the mere presence of bacteria on total born, but sperm count had a significant effect …

The Effects Of Lactation And Negative Energy Balance On Kisspeptin-Stimulated Luteinizing Hormone And Growth Hormone In Dairy Cows, Brian K. Whitlock, Joseph A. Daniel, Robyn R. Wilborn, Herris S. Maxwell, Barbara P. Steele, James L. Sartin

Animal Science Publications and Other Works

Kisspeptin, a neuroendocrine regulator of gonadotropin releasing hormone, is hypothesized to integrate nutrition and hormones critical to metabolism and the regulation of reproduction. Since the negative energy balance of early lactation is associated with reduced fertility via suppression of gonadotropin secretion and enhanced growth hormone (GH) responsiveness, this experiment was designed to determine the effects of stage of lactation and negative energy balance on kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10) stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) and GH concentrations. Five nonlactating [5.1 ± 0.8 (SEM) years; 577 ± 19 kg body weight (BW)] and five lactating [4.1 ± 0.6 years; 608 ± 11 kg BW] multiparous …

It's In Your Nature: A Pluralistic Folk Psychology, Kristin Andrews

Sentience Collection

I suggest a pluralistic account of folk psychology according to which not all predictions or explanations rely on the attribution of mental states, and not all intentional actions are explained by mental states. This view of folk psychology is supported by research in developmental and social psychology. It is well known that people use personality traits to predict behavior. I argue that trait attribution is not shorthand for mental state attributions, since traits are not identical to beliefs or desires, and an understanding of belief or desire is not necessary for using trait attributions. In addition, we sometimes predict and …

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 84, No. 4), Kentucky Library Research Collections

Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Embryology: Life In Twenty-One Days, John Wesley

All Current Publications

This publication explains the process of an egg hatching into a chick.

The Altruistic Cardinal?, Paul A. Johnsgard

Paul Johnsgard Collection

Cardinals also are known for their intense parental behavior. Most feeding of fledged young is done by the males, since females typically begin a new nesting cycle very shortly after their first young fledge. I’ve seen male cardinals feed female cardinals, cowbirds and house finches. One researcher in Oklahoma reported a cardinal attempting to feed goldfish in a pond! While photographing backyard birds in Lincoln, I noticed that a male cardinal was tending to a single newly fledged cardinal chick, but also was being constantly pestered by two young house finches. Cardinals raise their young on insects while house finch …

Behavioural Analysis Of A Nociceptive Event In Fish: Comparisons Between Three Species Demonstrate Specific Responses, Siobhan C. Reilly, John P. Quinn, Andrew R. Cossins, Lynne U. Sneddon

Sentience Collection

Nociception is the sensory mechanism by which potentially harmful stimuli are detected in animals and humans. The behavioural responses to noxious stimulation have been studied in two fish species thus far. However, since species-specific differences are seen in mammals, more species need to be examined to determine whether nociceptive responses are generic in fish. The present study investigated the behavioural and respiratory response to an acute noxious or potentially painful stimulus in common carp (Cyprinus carpio), zebrafish (Danio rerio) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Behavioural parameters such as frequency of swimming, use of cover and any anomalous behaviour were measured …

Shellfish Aquaculture Suitability Within Baylor Grounds Of The Lower Rappahannock River, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

Should the Commonwealth of Virginia ever consider a regulated expansion of the aquaculture industry to public Baylor ground, timely information regarding the productivity of these grounds and the ability to support aquaculture would be highly desirable information. In this scenario, public bottom will be opened to private shellfish growers in the Commonwealth under what will likely be a tightly monitored regulation. The demise in productivity of natural oyster beds within Baylor Grounds is well known. However, there is no comprehensive resource that addresses whether Baylor Grounds would be suitable for aquaculture. This study uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to model …

On Measuring Progress In Animal Welfare, James A. Serpell

Assessment of Animal Welfare Collection

Improvements in the welfare of animals arise from two primary sources: Changes in public attitudes and beliefs regarding what constitutes acceptable treatment of animals, and mandatory changes in behavior toward animals imposed by governments and regulatory authorities. During the last 30-40 years, public and political support for improvements in animal welfare has increased dramatically in many countries. Funding from both governmental and non-governmental sources continues to grow, and the relatively new field of animal welfare science has emerged and expanded to support and inform these efforts. Many experts in the field recognize, however, that there is still a distinct gap …