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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Effect Of Breeds On Heat-Evoked Gene Responses In Sheep Adipose Tissue, Dong Zhang, Ing Pan, Huanmin Zhou, Yu Cao
Effect Of Breeds On Heat-Evoked Gene Responses In Sheep Adipose Tissue, Dong Zhang, Ing Pan, Huanmin Zhou, Yu Cao
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Sheep is one of the ungulates and critical for animal husbandry development like on grassland, whereas there are few pieces of research about their heat responses to date. In the present study, we selected two sheep breeds consisting of Mongolian sheep with evolving cold resistibility and Dorper sheep specifically bred for heat tolerance to explore how the different breeds of sheep positively respond to heat conditions. Three Mongolian sheep and 3 Dorper sheep underwent 37 $^{o}$C stress (2 h per day) during 4 weeks. The energy metabolism-associated adipose tissues of the experimental subjects were sampled, prepared and performed to RNA-seq …
Intelligence, Complexity, And Individuality In Sheep, Lori Marino, Debra Merskin
Intelligence, Complexity, And Individuality In Sheep, Lori Marino, Debra Merskin
Animal Sentience
Domestic sheep (Ovis aries) are among the earliest animals domesticated for human use. They are consumed worldwide as mutton, hogget, and lamb, kept as wool and milk producers, and used extensively in scientific research. The popular stereotype is that sheep are docile, passive, unintelligent, and timid, but a review of the research on their behavior, affect, cognition, and personality reveals that they are complex, individualistic, and social.
The Intelligence Of Sheep, David Gamez
The Intelligence Of Sheep, David Gamez
Animal Sentience
This commentary suggests how recent theories about the predictive brain could help us understand the evidence put forward by Marino & Merskin for intelligence in sheep. I contrast predictive intelligence in sheep with automatic behaviors that do not require intelligence, and I consider the flexibility of sheep intelligence.
Pulling The Wool From Our Eyes, Jennifer Vonk
Pulling The Wool From Our Eyes, Jennifer Vonk
Animal Sentience
Marino & Merskin review evidence of the complexity of sheep cognition, concluding that researchers ought to feel sheepish about misrepresenting ovine cognitive capacities. However, the failure to situate the data in critical context risks pulling the wool over readers’ eyes.
The Problem Is Not Discourses Of Production; It Is Production Itself, Sean Hermanson
The Problem Is Not Discourses Of Production; It Is Production Itself, Sean Hermanson
Animal Sentience
The mistreatment of sheep is not because of fables, stereotypes, unconscious cultural paradigms, our collective consciousness, anthropocentricism, human arrogance, or our drive to dominate. Nonetheless, protections for sheep used in research and agriculture ought to be strengthened.
What Should We Do About Sheep? The Role Of Intelligence In Welfare Considerations, Heather Browning
What Should We Do About Sheep? The Role Of Intelligence In Welfare Considerations, Heather Browning
Animal Sentience
Marino & Merskin (2019) demonstrate that sheep are more cognitively complex than typically thought. We should be cautious in interpreting the implications of these results for welfare considerations to avoid perpetuating mistaken beliefs about the moral value of intelligence as opposed to sentience. There are, however, still important ways in which this work can help improve sheeps’ lives.
Is Knowing Enough To Change Human Attitudes And Actions?, Liv Baker
Is Knowing Enough To Change Human Attitudes And Actions?, Liv Baker
Animal Sentience
Marino & Merskin present evidence on key aspects of cognition, such as theory of mind, learning, emotional valence, and sociality, to make a convincing argument that sheep are due consideration as individual sentient beings. With this information, what will it take to produce a real, meaningful shift in our attitudes and actions towards other animals, including a species as disadvantaged as sheep? What else do we need to know?
Cognition, Emotion, Personality And The Conservation And Management Of Wild Ungulates, Rob Found
Cognition, Emotion, Personality And The Conservation And Management Of Wild Ungulates, Rob Found
Animal Sentience
Increasing public understanding of the complexity of wild ungulates can improve animal welfare and advance global conservation efforts of these keystone species. Unfortunately, shaping public opinion on wild species is challenging because personal experience with wildlife is declining, popular education is still biased towards the predator instead of the prey, and scientific research is more difficult to conduct on wild ungulates compared to those on farms, in zoos, or otherwise in captivity. Nevertheless, studies of cognition, individuality, and intelligence of wild ungulates are increasing. I briefly highlight some major results from my own work on complexity in wild elk, illustrating …
Domestication And Cognitive Complexity, David R. Brodbeck, Madeleine I. R. Brodbeck, Keeghan Rosso
Domestication And Cognitive Complexity, David R. Brodbeck, Madeleine I. R. Brodbeck, Keeghan Rosso
Animal Sentience
Marino and Merskin (2019) list a number of tasks that sheep can perform well. As comparative psychologists, we are not surprised by these results. Indeed, many domesticated animal species show similar abilities.
Sheep Complexity Outside The Laboratory, Cheryl Abbate
Sheep Complexity Outside The Laboratory, Cheryl Abbate
Animal Sentience
Marino & Merskin’s review shows that sheep are intelligent and highly social but their methodology has some shortcomings. I describe five problems with reviewing only the academic and scientific literature and suggest how one might provide an even more compelling case for the complexity of sheep minds.
Deepening Our Understanding Of Sheep, Lori Marino, Debra Merskin
Deepening Our Understanding Of Sheep, Lori Marino, Debra Merskin
Animal Sentience
Our Response is centered on five major themes: (1) our presentation of human mythologies about sheep; (2) the relevance of cognitive complexity (“intelligence”) as a dimension underlying the way people perceive and treat sheep; (3) whether our review is too anthropocentric or anthropomorphic; (4) animal welfare versus animal rights (abolitionism); and (5) whether knowledge and education are enough to change human attitudes and behavior.
Casting A Sheep’S Eye On Science, David M. Peña-Guzmán
Casting A Sheep’S Eye On Science, David M. Peña-Guzmán
Animal Sentience
Marino & Merskin review evidence that sheep are not just passive and reactive creatures. They have personalities that vary from individual to individual and endure over time. It follows that we must rethink what it means to study them scientifically.
Rumen Entodiniid Ciliated Protozoan Fauna (Entodiniomorphida: Entodiniidae) Of Domestic Sheep (Ovis Ammon Aries L.) From Northern Cyprus, With A Description Of A New Species, Entodinium Cypriensis Sp. Nov., Bayram Göçmen, Gözde Gürelli̇
Rumen Entodiniid Ciliated Protozoan Fauna (Entodiniomorphida: Entodiniidae) Of Domestic Sheep (Ovis Ammon Aries L.) From Northern Cyprus, With A Description Of A New Species, Entodinium Cypriensis Sp. Nov., Bayram Göçmen, Gözde Gürelli̇
Turkish Journal of Zoology
Rumen contents obtained from 10 adult domestic sheep (Ovis ammon aries L.) at a slaughterhouse in Lapethos-Kyrenia (Girne), Northern Cyprus were surveyed for entodiniid ciliate protozoa. As a result of our survey 27 species, including 33 forms, were identified. An unusual form of Entodinium was observed in 2 sheep and is described as a new species, E. cypriensis sp. nov. Its relationship to similar Entodinium species is discussed. This study also reports new host records for E. imai, E. oektemae, E. ogimotoi, E. quadricuspis, E. rectangulatum f. dubardi, and E. rostratum. Furthermore, we report for the second time the presence …
The Possible Enzymatic Differences Between Cattle And Sheep In Their Response To Ergot Alkaloids, Susan M. Cannon, Charles F. Rosenkrans, Ali Moubarak
The Possible Enzymatic Differences Between Cattle And Sheep In Their Response To Ergot Alkaloids, Susan M. Cannon, Charles F. Rosenkrans, Ali Moubarak
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Ergotamine is an ergot alkaloid associated with fescue toxicosis of livestock who have grazed endophyte-infected fescue. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect individual or species-specific differences in the metabolism of ergotamine by liver cytochrome P450 of sheep and cattle. Livers were collected from four steers and two sheep. The diet of the steers used in this study consisted of two being fed a grain diet, one steer grazing endophyte-infected fescue, and the final steer grazing endophyte-free fescue. The two lambs were both fed a grain diet. Livers were prepared and examined for the disappearance of ergotamine and …
The Influence Of The Dictyocaulus Filaria On The Phospholipid And Fatty Acid Composition In The Blood Of Sheep, G. M. Bastarbekova, A. E. Kuchbaev, D. A. Azimov
The Influence Of The Dictyocaulus Filaria On The Phospholipid And Fatty Acid Composition In The Blood Of Sheep, G. M. Bastarbekova, A. E. Kuchbaev, D. A. Azimov
Turkish Journal of Zoology
This paper provides results of an analysis of phospholipids (PL) and their fatty acid (FA) content in the blood of sheep infected by the nematode Dictyocaulus filaria. Significantly high level of arachidonic acid in the lysophospholipids, and low levels of docozangexenic acid in the phospholipids were obtained, which indicate structural and functional disorders of cellular membranes in blood during dictyocaulosis. These disorders are regarded as metabolic criteria for an assessment of the relation between parasite and host.
Light Microscopic Studies On The Histological Development And Histochemical Structure Of The Duodenum On The Prenatal Stage On The Sheeps, Kenan Çinar, Fuat Bi̇lgi̇n, Abdullah Di̇ler
Light Microscopic Studies On The Histological Development And Histochemical Structure Of The Duodenum On The Prenatal Stage On The Sheeps, Kenan Çinar, Fuat Bi̇lgi̇n, Abdullah Di̇ler
Turkish Journal of Zoology
This study was carried out with the aim to investigate of histological structure of duodenum and histochemical character of duodenal mucous on Akkaraman sheep foetus by during intrauterin development. In the study, the number 40 duodenum belonging to the Akkaraman sheep foetus was used as a material. More concentrate neutral mucosubstans and glycogen containing of Lamina epithelialis was determined that it is multilayer structure showing on early development stages not to be found of villi. The later development stages, neutral and asidic mucosubstans containing of goblet cells on Lamina epithelialis was detected that it is convertible to monolayer prizmatic form. …