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Morning Versus Evening Supplementation For Heifers Grazing Winter Range (1988), E. Vanzant, B. Cochran, L. Corah, K. Zoellner
Morning Versus Evening Supplementation For Heifers Grazing Winter Range (1988), E. Vanzant, B. Cochran, L. Corah, K. Zoellner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Supplementing developing heifers in the morning was compared with supplementation at sundown. No difference was evident among treatments in average daily gain, distance traveled, or time spent grazing.
Limit Versus Full Creep For Calves Grazing Late Summer Bluestem (1988), B. Cochran, Gerry L. Kuhl, T. Delcurto, L. Corah, E. Vanzant
Limit Versus Full Creep For Calves Grazing Late Summer Bluestem (1988), B. Cochran, Gerry L. Kuhl, T. Delcurto, L. Corah, E. Vanzant
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Limit-feeding a soybean meal/milo creep supplement (1696 crude protein, average 3.096 salt) was compared with ad libitum consumption of the same supplement without salt or with no supplementation. Little difference was evident in average daily gain of calves among treatments. However, poor supplement consumption may have affected results.
The Influence Of Stage Of Pregnancy On Digestion Characteristics In Beef Cows (1988), A. Beharka, B. Cochran, D. Harmon, T. Avery
The Influence Of Stage Of Pregnancy On Digestion Characteristics In Beef Cows (1988), A. Beharka, B. Cochran, D. Harmon, T. Avery
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Feed intake during the final trimester of gestation did not appear to vary significantly until 2 weeks before calving, after which it decreased dramatically. Measurements during two periods in the final trimester suggested that passage rate increased and digestibility decreased, as pregnancy proceeded.
Comparison Of Feedlot Performance Of Steer Calves Produced By Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Cows (1988), J.R. Brethour, D. Patterson, K. Olson, L. Corah
Comparison Of Feedlot Performance Of Steer Calves Produced By Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Cows (1988), J.R. Brethour, D. Patterson, K. Olson, L. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Steer calves that were 75 percent Hereford and either 25 percent Angus (BWF) or Brahman (BRX) were compared in a feedlot study that involved either high-concentrate or high-silage finishing rations. The BRX steers gained significantly faster, but there was no concomitant response in feed efficiency. The ration energy utilization by BRX steers appeared to be less than that of BWF steers. Performance of both breeds was poorer on the high-silage ration than on the high-grain ration, and there was no breed by ration interaction. A greater proportion of BWF calves graded USDA choice, but there was little difference between breeds …
Influence Of Supplemental Protein Versus Energy Level On Intake, Fill, Passage, Digestibility, And Fermentation Characteristics Of Beef Steers Consuming Dormant Bluestem Range Forage (1988), T. Delcurto, B. Cochran, T. Avery, A. Beharka
Influence Of Supplemental Protein Versus Energy Level On Intake, Fill, Passage, Digestibility, And Fermentation Characteristics Of Beef Steers Consuming Dormant Bluestem Range Forage (1988), T. Delcurto, B. Cochran, T. Avery, A. Beharka
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two trials were conducted to evaluate effects of protein versus energy level in milo/soybean meal supplements on intake and utilization of dormant, bluestem forage. Forage dry matter intake and utilization of dormant bluestem forage appears to increase at higher levels of supplemental protein. Increased supplemental energy may be associated with depressed intake and utilization, particularly when supplements are low in protein.
Stocking Rate Effects On Intensive-Early Stocked Bluestem Range (1988), R. Cochran, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby
Stocking Rate Effects On Intensive-Early Stocked Bluestem Range (1988), R. Cochran, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Based on a six-year study, stocking at 2.5x and 3.0x normal season-long rates for the first half of the growing season with no grazing during the latter half results in individual steer gains that are equal to those under the 2.0x rate. The gain per acre was greatly increased at the higher stocking rates. Grass remaining in early October was 20 percent lower on pastures stocked at the 2.5x and 3.0x rates than at the 2.0x rate. However, there was no trend toward further reductions over the study period. Botanical composition did not change greatly as a result of the …
Performance Of Stocker Heifers And Steers Grazing High Endophyte Fescue And Offered Oxytetracycline In A Mineral Mixture (1988), K. Coffey, F. Brazle
Performance Of Stocker Heifers And Steers Grazing High Endophyte Fescue And Offered Oxytetracycline In A Mineral Mixture (1988), K. Coffey, F. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of stocker calves grazing high-endophyte fescue (68 to 70%) and offered oxytetracycline in a free-choice mineral supplement. In Experiment 1, 24 yearling crossbred heifers were utilized in a 112-day grazing study beginning on June 18. Performance of both control calves and those receiving oxytetracycline was extremely poor, making data interpretation difficult. Average oxytetracycline consumption was 327 mg per head, daily. Approximately 8296 of the total grazing time occurred during the daylight hours (6arn - l0pm) for both treatment groups. Heifers offered the medicated mineral mix grazed 20 minutes more than heifers offered …
Influence Of Ralgro® On Suckling Calf Performance On Tall Fescue Pastures With Various Levels Of Endophyte Infestation, F. Brazle, J. Whittier
Influence Of Ralgro® On Suckling Calf Performance On Tall Fescue Pastures With Various Levels Of Endophyte Infestation, F. Brazle, J. Whittier
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Four hundred and ten cow-calf pairs were allotted to tall fescue pastures containing 40, 45, or 70% endophyte fungus infestation. One half of the calves in each pasture were implanted with Ralgro® initially and reimplanted about 110 days later. Calf gains on the 70% endophyte fungus pasture showed a greater (P<.05) response to implanting than those grazing the 40 and 45% endophyte-infested tall fescue pastures during the 165 day trial.
Effects Of Sugar, Internal Cooking Temperature, And Hot-Boning On The Characteristics Of Low Fat, Restructured, Value-Added Beef Roasts, S.J. Goll, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, Curtis L. Kastner
Effects Of Sugar, Internal Cooking Temperature, And Hot-Boning On The Characteristics Of Low Fat, Restructured, Value-Added Beef Roasts, S.J. Goll, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Low fat, restructured beef roasts were made from muscles that were conventionally or hot-boned. Differing combinations of salt, phosphate, and glucose were added. Then roasts were cooked to 145 ÌŠF or 200 ÌŠF. Roasts from conventionally boned muscle generally had less warmed-over flavor and higher acceptability scores than those from hot-boned muscle. Adding glucose with salt and phosphate helped suppress warmed-over flavor throughout display and did not reduce flavor acceptability or increase cooking loss. Roasts cooked to 200 ÌŠF had lower warmed-over flavor scores and were more acceptable, but were less cohesive and had higher cooking losses than roasts cooked …
Kansas Custom Cattle Feeding Practices, Ted C. Schroeder, Gerry L. Kuhl
Kansas Custom Cattle Feeding Practices, Ted C. Schroeder, Gerry L. Kuhl
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A survey of Kansas custom cattle feedlots was conducted in the fall of 1987. This paper summarizes the survey and discusses some of the custom cattle feeding services and charges being offered.
Daily Or Weekly Rotational Feeding Of Bovatec®- And Rumensin®/Tylan® To Cattle On A Steam-Flaked Corn Finishing Ration, Robert T. Brandt Jr.
Daily Or Weekly Rotational Feeding Of Bovatec®- And Rumensin®/Tylan® To Cattle On A Steam-Flaked Corn Finishing Ration, Robert T. Brandt Jr.
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred sixty-five crossbred steers averaging 823 lb were utilized to evaluate the daily or weekly rotational feeding of ionophores. Treatments were (g/ton of feed, 90% dry basis): 1) Bovatec (B; 30), 2) Rumensin plus Tylan (RT; 25 and 10, respectively), 3) treatments one and two in a daily rotation (D), and 4) treatments one and two in a weekly rotation (W). Steers fed RT consumed less (P<.05) dry matter than B, D>or W steers. No differences (P>.15) in daily gain were observed, suggesting that the increased consumption by B, D) and W steers was accompanied by an al teration in passage rate …
Feedlot Performance By Steers Fed Sprout-Damaged Milo, K.P. Coffey, Lyle W. Lomas
Feedlot Performance By Steers Fed Sprout-Damaged Milo, K.P. Coffey, Lyle W. Lomas
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Forty-eight Charolais crossbred steers were fed sprouted or nonsprouted milo for 139 days in a finishing study. Steers fed sprouted milo (51% sprout damage, 60 lb. per bu.) were 28 lb. heavier (P<.10) and gained 8.4% faster (P<.10) while consuming 2.7% less (P>.10) feed per pound of gain. Sprout damaged milo had no significant (P>.10) effect on carcass characteristics. These data indicate that cattle fed sprouted milo should perform as well or better than those fed nonsprouted milo.
Effect Of Cobactin On The Feedlot Performance And Carcass Traits Of Beef Steers, L. Corah, Ronald V. Pope
Effect Of Cobactin On The Feedlot Performance And Carcass Traits Of Beef Steers, L. Corah, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The addition of Cobactin to feedlot rations had no significant effect on average daily gain or feed efficiency, but did improve quality grade of steers fed for 110 days.
Effect Of Tetronasin On Frothy Bloat In Cattle Caused By High-Grain Diet, L.R. Neibarger, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Effect Of Tetronasin On Frothy Bloat In Cattle Caused By High-Grain Diet, L.R. Neibarger, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Feeding Tetronasin reduced incidence of frothy bloat in cattle fed a high-grain diet. The effective dose was 0.25 mg/kg body weight when administered prior to the onset of frothy bloat. At 0.15 mg/kg body weight, the antibiotic was less effective but the degree of bloat was considerably less than that of steers fed no antibiotic. Tetronasin also reduced the severity of bloat in steers that were already bloating prior to its administration.
Experimental Induction And Monitoring Of Liver Abscesses In Cattle With Ultrasonography, K.F. Lechtenberg, T.B. Avery, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Experimental Induction And Monitoring Of Liver Abscesses In Cattle With Ultrasonography, K.F. Lechtenberg, T.B. Avery, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We have demonstrated that ultrasonography can be used to visualize liver abscess in live cattle. We have also developed a nonsurgical method of catheterizing the bovine portal vein and experimentally inducing liver abscesses by inoculating the portal vein with Fusobacterium necrophorum bacteria.
Effect Of Environmental Temperature And Inoculants On The Fermentation Of Alfalfa And Forage Sorghum Silages, K. Bolsen, A. Laytimi, L. Nuzback, R. Hart
Effect Of Environmental Temperature And Inoculants On The Fermentation Of Alfalfa And Forage Sorghum Silages, K. Bolsen, A. Laytimi, L. Nuzback, R. Hart
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The inoculants, TriLac ®and Ecosyl® increased the rate and efficiency of the ensiling process in both high (50%) and low (32.5%) dry matter alfalfa, regardless of temperature. In both alfalfa trials, the inoculated silages had significantly lower pH, acetic acid, ethanol, and ammonia-nitrogen values and higher lactic acid values than their control counterparts. The inoculants worked equally well when fermentation was at 60 or 90 F. Although similar effects were obtained with forage sorghum, the differences were not as pronounced as those for the alfalfa silages.
Effect Of Enzyme And Inoculant Additives On Preservation And Feeding Value Of Wheat And Forage Sorghum Silages, A. Laytimi, K. Bolsen, J. Schurhammer, B. Kirch
Effect Of Enzyme And Inoculant Additives On Preservation And Feeding Value Of Wheat And Forage Sorghum Silages, A. Laytimi, K. Bolsen, J. Schurhammer, B. Kirch
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Enzyme and inoculant additives produced more efficiently preserved wheat and forage sorghum silages and improved their feeding value. In general, treated silages had lower pH, acetic acid, and ammonia-nitrogen values and higher lactic acid and lactic to acetic acid ratios than untreated silages. In two of the three trials, cell wall and acid detergent fiber fractions were lower in treated than untreated silages. In Trial 2, the treated sorghum silages were extremely unstable in air and cattle performance was similar for control and treated silages. In Trial 3, gains and feed conversions in steers were improved for those fed treated …
The Effect Of Alfalfa Weevil Control On Alfalfa Hay Yield And Quality, B. Ritter, B. Bauernfeind
The Effect Of Alfalfa Weevil Control On Alfalfa Hay Yield And Quality, B. Ritter, B. Bauernfeind
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 2-year-old, irriagated alfalfa field was left untreated or treated with ¼ lb, ½ lb, or 1 lb of Furadan® per acre on April 5, 1986. Alfalfa weevil populations were determined 2,9,16 and 23 days post-spraying. Forage samples were collected at about the 1/10 bloom stage of maturity. All three Furadan levels provided excellent weevil control up to 23 days post-spraying, and all resulted in an increase in dry matter yield. But only the yield of the 1 lb./A. treatment was significantly (P<.15) greater than the untreated forage (1.97 vs. 2.44 tons/A). There was no difference in nutrient composition between the untreated and treated forage. All Furadan treatment resulted in a net economic gain per acre. In this study, between ½ lb and 1 lb Furadan per acre resulted in the greatest weevil control and economic return per acre.
Effect Of Medicated Mineral Mixtures And A Pinkeye Vaccine On The Gain And Health Of Steers Grazing Native Grass Pastures (1988), F. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Feeding supplements containing an antibiotic or ionophore improved stocker gains by .06 to .26 lb per head daily. A combination of Bovatec and Aureomycin in the mineral mixture improved (P<.08) steer gains over feeding Aureomycin alone. Mineral intake was higher than expected for the steers grazing burned, double-stocked) native grass pastures in 1987. Vaccinating steers with Piliguard at turn-out had no effect on pinkeye incidence and reduced stocker gains slightly.
Effect Of Limited - Creep Feeding On Performance Of Spring-Born Calves (1988), D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl
Effect Of Limited - Creep Feeding On Performance Of Spring-Born Calves (1988), D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three limited-creep feeding trials were conducted with spring-born suckling calves on native grass. The 1696 crude protein, high energy creep feed containing Bovatec® was fed from mid-August to weaning in mid-October. Limited-creep feeding increased (P<.05) calf gains .19 lb per/head/daily with an average daily consumption of 2.15 lb, giving a creep feed-to-gain conversion rate of 11.2.
Influence Of Supplemental Grain Type On Forage Utilization By Beef Steers Consuming Early Summer Bluestem (1988), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, A.A. Beharka, T.B. Avery
Influence Of Supplemental Grain Type On Forage Utilization By Beef Steers Consuming Early Summer Bluestem (1988), E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, A.A. Beharka, T.B. Avery
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Supplementation of early summer bluestem with low levels of corn, wheat, or sorghum grain had no effect on forage intake, forage digestibility, or total dry matter digestibility in beef steers, compared with a regimen of no supplementation. Increased total dry matter intakes for the supplemented steers reflected supplement consumption.
Influence Of Sustained Rumensin Release On Steer Performance And Forage Utilization (1988), B. Cochran, E. Vanzant, T. Avery, Jack G. Riley
Influence Of Sustained Rumensin Release On Steer Performance And Forage Utilization (1988), B. Cochran, E. Vanzant, T. Avery, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Steers managed within an intensive-early stocking program and receiving Rumensin® via a slow-release bolus tended to have higher average daily gains than steers not receiving Rumensin. However, forage organic matter intake, fill, digestibility, and diet selection showed little response to Rumensin administration.
Influence Of Limited-Creep Feeding On Pre And Postweaning Performance Of Spring Born Calves (1988), P. Houghton, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, B. Schalles, K. Zoellner
Influence Of Limited-Creep Feeding On Pre And Postweaning Performance Of Spring Born Calves (1988), P. Houghton, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, B. Schalles, K. Zoellner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two limited-creep feeding trials were conducted in Northwest and Southeast Kansas using spring-born, suckling calves to evaluate the effect of available forage supply on creep-fed calf performance. Energy vs. protein creep feeds were compared at each location. Creep feed intake was limited with salt to achieve an average daily intake of about 1.5 lb per head. Calves consuming the limited energy and protein creep feeds gained from 0.1 to 0.6 lb more per head daily preweaning, and required 2.3 to 7.6 lb of creep per lb of extra weaning weight. Postweaning gains of the noncreep-fed calves were .12 to .27 …
Horn Fly And Face Fly Control With The Dustacator® Combination Mineral Feeder And Livestock Dusting Device (1988), Donald E. Mock, R.R. Schalles
Horn Fly And Face Fly Control With The Dustacator® Combination Mineral Feeder And Livestock Dusting Device (1988), Donald E. Mock, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Dustacators (combination mineral feeders and livestock dusting devices) were used for four beef herds at Kansas State University in 1985. Loose mineral was supplied in all four Dustacator tubs, which were adjusted to low settings. Permethrin dust had no apparent effect on horn flies. Co-Ral® from two sources and Rabon® provided approximately 65% horn fly reduction during the 53-day test period. The 1986 experiment compared the effects of Dustacator mineral tub height adjustments and loose vs. block mineral. Co-Hal 1% dust from a single source was used in all treatments on two Simmental herds and two Polled Hereford herds. Excellent …
Influence Of Supplemental Protein Concentration On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Dormant Bluestem Range (1988), T. Delcurto, B. Cochran, L. Corah
Influence Of Supplemental Protein Concentration On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Dormant Bluestem Range (1988), T. Delcurto, B. Cochran, L. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three milo/soybean meal mixtures representing three supplemental crude protein concentrations (13, 26, and 39%) were evaluated in terms of pregnant beef cow performance. Cow weight and body condition changes responded in a linear fashion to increasing protein. Cattle fed the high protein (39% Crude Protein) supplement lost the least weight and body condition, whereas cattle supplemented with the low protein treatment lost the most. Although there was little difference between treatment groups in terms of reproductive efficiency and subsequent calf performance, moderate (26% Crude Protein) and high protein supplements appear to offer the most benefit in maintaining cow\weight and body …
Effect Of Limit-Fed, High Energy Growing Rations On The Performance Of Feedlot Steers, G. Goldy, B. Downey, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley
Effect Of Limit-Fed, High Energy Growing Rations On The Performance Of Feedlot Steers, G. Goldy, B. Downey, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Steers red high-concentrate limit-fed rations were more efficient during growing than steers fed silage plus grain at 25% of their dry matter (DM) intake, or silage only. The limit-fed cattle also tended to gain faster (P<.10) and were more efficient (P<.05) during the finishing phase and did not have the expected depressed DM intakes compared to cattle fed the other growing-phase rations. Steers fed barely had lower DM intakes (P<.05) but gained more efficiently (P<.05) than those fed grain sorghum.
Effect Of Ralgro® On Performance Of Steers Grazing High And Low Endophyte Fungus-Infested Tall Fescue Pastures, F.K. Brazle
Effect Of Ralgro® On Performance Of Steers Grazing High And Low Endophyte Fungus-Infested Tall Fescue Pastures, F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Steers were either not implanted or implanted with 36 or 72 mg of Ralgro, then allowed to graze on both high and low endophyte fungus tall fescue pastures. Ralgro had a greater effect on improving gains of steers grazing high endophyte fungus pastures than on those grazing lowly infected fescue pastures.
Evaluating The Availability Of Nutrients For Maintenance And Growth In Ruminants, K. Gross, D. Harmon, T. Avery
Evaluating The Availability Of Nutrients For Maintenance And Growth In Ruminants, K. Gross, D. Harmon, T. Avery
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two experiments were performed with mature wether lambs to evaluate availability of selected nutrients and volatile fatty acids for maintenance and growth. We used a technique in which known amounts of volatile fatty acids were infused into the rumen and casein into the abomasum. Sampling portal blood allowed measurement of nutrients absorbed across the gastrointestinal tract. Approximately 49, 62, and 21% of the infused acetate, propionate, and butyrate, respectively, were absorbed across the gastrointestinal tract.
Effect Of Commercial Inoculants On Fermentation Of 1987 Silage Crops, K. Bolsen, A. Laytimi, R. Hart, L. Nuzback, F. Niroomand, L. Leipold, H Ilg
Effect Of Commercial Inoculants On Fermentation Of 1987 Silage Crops, K. Bolsen, A. Laytimi, R. Hart, L. Nuzback, F. Niroomand, L. Leipold, H Ilg
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Fourteen commercial silage inoculants were evaluated in 32 trials using nine different crop species harvested in 1987 and ensiled in PVC laboratory silos. Microorganism profiles of the crops showed high numbers of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in all but one trial. Most inoculants supplied relatively high numbers of LAB per gram of crop--52 of the 66 inoculant samples supplied more than 10 (100,000) viable LAB per gram. The forage crops--wheat, bromegrass, sudangrass, and alfalfa--were highly responsive to the inoculants. When compared to untreated silages, treated silages had lower pH, acetic acid, ethanol, and ammonia-nitrogen values and higher lactic acid content. …
Effect Of Grain Source And Brewer's Grain On The Performance And Serum Cholesterol Concentration Of Finishing Steers, G. Goldy, Jack G. Riley
Effect Of Grain Source And Brewer's Grain On The Performance And Serum Cholesterol Concentration Of Finishing Steers, G. Goldy, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The inclusion of brewer's grains at 20% of the ration dry matter increased dry matter intake, resulting in poorer feed efficiency. Brewer's grain appeared to increase serum cholesterol. Serum cholesterol increased as days on feed increased, similar to other reported studies. Steers fed grain sorghum had greater dry matter intakes and poorer feed efficiencies than those fed barley or wheat. Analysis of tissue samples has not been completed at this time, which prohibits drawing any conclusions as to the effect on tissue cholesterol concentrations.