Life Sciences Commons^™

Assessing The Effectiveness Of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (Cuo-Nps) As Larvicidal Agents Against Aedes Aegypti Larvae In A Laboratory Setup, Muhammad Ahsan Riaz, Ayesha Riaz, Muhammad Asif Mahmood, Muhammad Uzair Mukhtar, Waseem Akram, Ehtisham Arshad, Zaib Un Nisa, Beenish Ijaz, Muhammad Shahid Rasool

Journal of Bioresource Management

The control of Aedes aegypti (A. aegypti), the primary vector for dengue virus, requires effective larvicidal agents to target larvae breeding in various water sources. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) as larvicidal agents against A. aegypti larvae in a laboratory setup. Larvae were exposed to CuO-NPs at five contrasting concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 mg/l). Twenty-five fourth instar larvae were subjected to each concentration with three replicates and one control with the same number (n=25) of larvae under optimum laboratory conditions. The larval mortality was calculated after 24 hours. …

In Silico Analysis Of C-Type Lectins As Co-Infection Receptors Of Dengue And Chikungunya Viruses In Aedes Aegypti, Munawir Sazali, R. C. Hidayat Soesilohadi, Nastiti Wijayanti, Tri Wibawa, Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori

Makara Journal of Science

Aedes aegypti is a primer vector of dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV). The susceptibility of mosquitoes to DENV and CHIKV depends on their recognition receptor of pathogens. C-type lectins (CTLs) are an important mediator of virus infection in A. aegypti. This study aims to identify potential receptors and determine the binding affinity between ligand–receptor interaction, CTLs and virus envelopes (DENV-1, 2, 3, and 4 and CHIKV) interaction based on in silico analysis. Sample sequences were obtained from GenBank (NCBI), and 10 CTLs were acquired from VectorBase. Homology modeling based on a minimum standard of 20% was processed …

Inducible Resistance To Pyrethroid Insecticide Is Lacking In Adult Aedes Aegypti Mosquitoes, Maria E. Parente, Philip K. Stoddard

FIU Undergraduate Research Journal

Mosquitoes have evolved increased resistance to pyrethroid insecticides including permethrin, and studying their metabolic mechanisms of resistance is the window to human counteraction. If early exposure to insecticides can upregulate certain detoxification genes, this creates lower rates of mortality in a single mosquito’s lifetime. Yellow fever mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti) were exposed to a sublethal dosage of permethrin and mortality rates at a later LC₅₀ dose exposure were recorded. Mortality rates of induced mosquitoes were not lower than the mortality rates of unexposed (control) mosquito groups. If early exposure did not increase mortality, either evidence for inducible same-generational …

A Dynamical System Model Of Dengue Transmission For Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Gregory Schmidt, Benjamin Whipple, Vinodh Chellamuthu, Xiaoxia Xie

Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics

The dengue virus is a serious concern in many parts of the world, including Brazil. As data indicates, a prominent vector for dengue is the mosquito Aedes aegypti. By using the dengue incidence records from the Brazilian SINAN database, we estimate the population of A. aegypti within the city of Rio de Janeiro. Using historical climate data for Rio de Janeiro and the computed population estimates, we extend an existing model for the population dynamics of mosquitoes to incorporate precipitation in aquatic stages of development for A. aegypti.

Molecular Phylogenetics Of Aedes Aegypti (L., 1762) (Diptera: Culicidae) In Eastern Black Sea Area Of Turkey And Possible Relations With The Caucasian Invasion, Murat Öztürk, Muhammet Mustafa Akiner

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Aedes aegypti (L., 1762) (Diptera: Culicidae) is an important pest for human health. It vectors many diseases, including yellow fever (YF), dengue (DENV), and chikungunya (CHIKV). This species has invaded numerous countries including Balkan and Caucasian countries few past decades. The established populations of species were found in Turkey in 2015. We investigated the genetic variation, molecular phylogenetics, and differences between samples from Turkey and Georgia using four mitochondrial and one genomic DNA markers. The possible origin of the species was determined separately for each gene region using maximum likelihood trees. The ML analysis showed a close relation with the …

Plant Extract Efficacy On Mosquito Mortality: Preliminary Studies On The Effect Of Ailanthus Altissima Extract On Adult Aedes Aegypti And Culex Quinquefasciatus, John R. Wallace, Calen D. Wylie, Ryan L. Wagner

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Abstract

Due to the negative environmental impact and resistance to synthetic insecticides, the development of biological control has increased significantly over the past half century with the potential of plant extracts only recently attracting attention. The purpose of this preliminary study was to examine the potential of Ailanthus altissima extract as a botanical insecticide on adult mosquitoes. Two species of mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus) and a non-target lepidopteran species, Painted Lady butterfly (Vanessa cardui) were treated with A. altissima extract from new, mature, and senesced leaflets using serial dilutions (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) …

Indiscriminate Ingestion Of Entomopathogenic Nematodes And Their Symbiotic Bacteria By Aedes Aegypti Larvae: A Novel Strategy To Control The Vector Of Chikungunya, Dengue And Yellow Fever., Farooq A. Shah, Mostafa M. Abdoarrahem, Colin Berry, Mustapha Touray, Selçuk Hazir, Tariq M. Butt

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Third and fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti actively ingested entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) and their symbiotic bacteria, resulting in larval mortality. All six EPN species evaluated in this study were pathogenic to Ae. aegypti but varied significantly in their virulence. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae were most virulent, H. megidis and S. kraussei showed the least virulence, whereas H. downesi and S. feltiae had intermediate virulence. Larval mortality was dose dependent for all EPN species. When using a dose of 100 infective juveniles (IJs) per larva, H. bacteriophora and S. carpocapsae caused 90%-100% mortality, whereas H. downesi and S. feltiae …

Mosquitocidal Activity Of Hedychium Coronarium Rhizome Extract And Copepod Megacyclops Formosanus For The Control Of Dengue Vector, Kandasamy Kalimuthu, Kadarkarai Murugan, Li-Chun Tseng, Jiang-Shiou Hwang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

The bio-efficacy of Hedychium coronarium Rhizome extract and copepods Megacyclops formosanus, were tested against first to fourth-instar larvae and pupae of dengue Vector Aedes aegypti under laboratory conditions. Different solvent extracts of H. coronarium, combined with copepod M. formosanus showed considerable mortality against A. aegypti. The median lethal concentration value (LC50) observed for the larvicidal and pupicidal activities against mosquito vector species A. aegypti value were 38.59, ppm; no mortality was observed in the control group. This study was also initiated to test the predatory efficiency of copepod against different larval instars and predatory efficiency was noticed at the laboratory …

Mosquito Larvicidal Activity Of Broussonetia Papyrifera Compound Marmesin By Blocking Protein Aescp-2, Docking Strategies, And Combined Effect Of Copepod Megacyclops Formosanus Against Dengue Vector Aedes Aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), Kandasamy Kalimuthu, Chia-Hsiang Wang, Shiu-Mei Liu, Li-Chun Tseng, Kadarkarai Murugan, Jiang-Shiou Hwang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Mosquito-borne diseases that have an economic impact create losses in commercial and labor outputs, particularly in countries with tropical and subtropical climates. The emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides is a challenge to mosquito control. Cyclopoid copepods are important predators in many aquatic ecosystems and have been successfully used as biological agents to control mosquito larvae. For this study, we examined the larvicidal activity of the copepod Megacyclops formosanus in combination with the compound marmesin (which was purified from the methanol crude extract of the plant stem bark of Broussonetia papyrifera) against Aedes aegypti larvae. Their larvicidal activity and in …