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High Carbon Dioxide, Modified-Atmosphere Packaging (Map) For Beef Steaks, S.E. Luchsinger, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf
High Carbon Dioxide, Modified-Atmosphere Packaging (Map) For Beef Steaks, S.E. Luchsinger, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
To determine the effects of storage in a high-carbon dioxide, modified-atmosphere package (MAP) on shelf life, beef strip steaks were packaged under 30% CO2-70% N2 and stored for up to 42 days at 30 or 38 ÌŠF. Aerobic plate counts (APC) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts in these ExtendPak™ packages were well below the threshold of spoilage even after 42 days of MAP storage. After 28 days of storage, steaks stored in vacuum packages had APC counts 1.0 log 10 greater than steaks in MAP. APCs increased during a 5-day display period in steaks store d in vacuum packages, …
Liquid Smoke Effects On Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Beef Trimmings And Ground Beef Patties, R. Estrada-Munoz, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, James L. Marsden
Liquid Smoke Effects On Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Beef Trimmings And Ground Beef Patties, R. Estrada-Munoz, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, James L. Marsden
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Liquid smoke (LS) reduce d Escherichia coli O157:H7 counts in inoculated beef trimmings and ground beef patties. The counts were reduced (P<.05) by .5 log 10 cfu/g immediately after beef trimmings were treated with 8% LS and by 1.2, 2.0, 1.6, and 2.3 log 10 cfu/g after the trimmings were formed into patties and tested or stored under refrigeration for 1, 2, and 3 days, respectively (2 log10 reduction represents 99%) Thus, LS could make beef-containing products safer with respect to foodborne pathogens.
Steam Pasteurization To Reduce Bacterial Populations On Commercially Slaughtered Beef Carcasses, D.E. Schafer, Curtis L. Kastner, Randall K. Phebus, Abbey L. Nutsch
Steam Pasteurization To Reduce Bacterial Populations On Commercially Slaughtered Beef Carcasses, D.E. Schafer, Curtis L. Kastner, Randall K. Phebus, Abbey L. Nutsch
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A steam pasteurization system (SPS) has been shown in laboratory and commercial evaluations to effectively reduce bacterial populations on freshly slaughtered beef. Our study evaluate d the bactericidal uniformity of SPS. Samples were collected from the five anatomical locations, one per carcass, 40 samples per location , so that 200 carcasses were evaluated before and 200 after pasteurization. Each carcass was sampled by wiping a 300 c m2 area of the specified location with a moist, sterile sponge. For all locations, the total aerobic plate count (APC) after pasteurization was lower (P#.01). Before pasteurization, the midline was contaminate d most …
Characterization Of Different Biological Types Of Steers (Cycle Iv): Retail Product Yields, T.L. Wheeler, L.V. Cundiff, R.M. Koch, J.D. Crouse, Michael E. Dikeman
Characterization Of Different Biological Types Of Steers (Cycle Iv): Retail Product Yields, T.L. Wheeler, L.V. Cundiff, R.M. Koch, J.D. Crouse, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Retail product (RP) yields of 888 steers were obtained from mating Hereford (H) and Angus (A) dams to H or A (HA), Charolais (Ch), Gelbvieh (G b), Pinzgauer (Pz), Shorthorn (Sh), Galloway (Gw), Longhorn (Lh), Nellore (Ne), Piedmontese (Pm), and Salers (Sa) sires. The yields were measured at two trim levels (.30 and .00 in.). Data were evaluated at constant age (426 d), carcass weight (714 lb), and marbling (Small00) endpoints. At a constant age of 426 d, RP% was greater in carcasses from steers sired by Continental European breeds (Gb, Ch, Sa, Pz; 63.3 to 65.5 % at .00 …
Economic Impact Of Preweaning Vaccinations On Health And Performance Of Weaned Feeder Cattle, J.M. Lynch, P.L. Houghton, L.R. Corah, Gerald L. Stokka
Economic Impact Of Preweaning Vaccinations On Health And Performance Of Weaned Feeder Cattle, J.M. Lynch, P.L. Houghton, L.R. Corah, Gerald L. Stokka
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In October, 1995, 3,565 head of freshly weaned, British-breed calves were received into a weaning facility in southwest Nebraska. Calves were determined to be preconditioned if they had received both viral an d Pasteurella vaccines prior to weaning (PREWEAN; n = 2,315), and all other calves were considered to have no preconditioning (CRTL; n = 1,250). Cattle were processed within 24 hours of arrival, and booster vaccinations were given when appropriate. Average days on feed at the weaning facility were similar between PREWEAN and CTRL calves (52.4 and 50.3 days, respectively), but average daily gain (2.24 vs 1.87 kb) and …
Delineation Of Geographic Markets For Fed Cattle, Ted C. Schroeder
Delineation Of Geographic Markets For Fed Cattle, Ted C. Schroeder
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Determining the extent of geographic markets for fed cattle is important for monitoring performance of the industry. The ability of packing plants to influence prices is determined in part by their ability to segment the market for fed cattle and isolate themselves from plants in other regions. This study analyzed transaction data from 43 U.S. steer and heifer slaughter plants collected by the Grain Inspection Packers and Stockyards Program for approximately a 1-year period during 1992-93. Beef packers procured an average of 64% of their cattle within 75 miles of packing plants, 82 % within 150 miles, and 92% within …
Summary Of Grazing Research On Kansas Crp Land, Michael R. Langemeier, P.D. Ohlenbusch, R.D. Jones
Summary Of Grazing Research On Kansas Crp Land, Michael R. Langemeier, P.D. Ohlenbusch, R.D. Jones
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Animal performance and n et return per acre were examined for four CRP research sites in Kansas in 1 994, 1995, and 1996. Both mowing and prescribed burning increased animal performance in 1994. Mowing was economically feasible on one of the four sites. Prescribed burning was economically feasible on three of four sites. Mowing and burning treatments were not repeated i n 1995 or 1996. Net returns per acre for the site that was grazed with cowcalf pairs ranged from -$8.55 to -$25.54. For the sites grazed with stockers, net returns per acre varied from -$18.67 to $31 .39. Net …
A Survey Of Purchasers Of Wheat Middlings: Storage, Feeding Practices, And Problems, G.W. Warmann, Keith C. Behnke, Dale A. Blasi
A Survey Of Purchasers Of Wheat Middlings: Storage, Feeding Practices, And Problems, G.W. Warmann, Keith C. Behnke, Dale A. Blasi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We surveyed 290 purchasers of wheat middlings (WM) from a single flour mill located in central Kansas to characterize the incidence of transport and storage problems and to determine intended animal us e and method of feeding. Over 30% of the 106 respondents had encountered storage problems with WM; mold, spoilage, and bridging in the storage structure were the most common. Over 75% of the respondents who reported no storage problems purchased WM during the winter months and avoided WM purchases at other times, especially during the summer.
Influence Of Implanting Grazing Steers With Ralgro® Or Synovex-S® Followed By Synovex® Plus™ Or A Ralgro®/Synovex® Plus™ Reimplant Program In The Feedlot On Pasture/Finishing Performance And Carcass Merit, T.R. Fankhauser, Gerry L. Kuhl, D.D. Simms, Gerald L. Stokka, James S. Drouillard, Dale A. Blasi
Influence Of Implanting Grazing Steers With Ralgro® Or Synovex-S® Followed By Synovex® Plus™ Or A Ralgro®/Synovex® Plus™ Reimplant Program In The Feedlot On Pasture/Finishing Performance And Carcass Merit, T.R. Fankhauser, Gerry L. Kuhl, D.D. Simms, Gerald L. Stokka, James S. Drouillard, Dale A. Blasi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In an 84-day pasture/132-day finishing study using 480 crossbred steers (675 lb), Ralgro® increased (P<.05) pasture gains 9.3% compared to nonimplanted controls. Gains of Synovex-S®-implanted steers were intermediate. Pasture treatments were split into two finishing-phase implant treatments: Synovex® Plus™ or initial Ralgro with a Synovex Plus reimplant on day 56. No interactions occurred between pasture and finishing implants with respect to finishing performance or carcass traits. Steers on the Synovex Plus treatment gained 11.7% faster and 7.9% more efficiently (P<.01) during the first 56 days of the finishing phase than the Ralgro-implanted steers. However , when those steers were reimplanted with Synovex Plus, they gained 22.2% faster and 21.1% more efficiently (P<.01) during the last 76 days. Over the entire 132-day finishing phase, the feedlot reimplant program improved rate (4.0%; P<.06) and efficiency (7.5%; P<.01) of gain compared to Synovex Plus alone. Overall , gains and intakes during the finishing phase were similar for all pasture implant treatments. However, control pasture steers were 4.5% more efficient (P<.08) than Ralgro and Synovex steers during the finishing phase. Neither pasture or finishing implant treatment influenced carcass traits. This study indicates that implanting during grazing may reduce feed efficiency during the finishing phase, especially when a feedlot reimplant program is not used. However, this finding disagrees with several previous research studies where pasture implantation had no effect on feedlot performance.
Effect Of Revalor-G On The Performance Of Stocker Heifers Grazing Irrigated, Smooth Bromegrass Pasture For A Full Season, Gerry L. Kuhl, M.D. Reynolds, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Dale A. Blasi
Effect Of Revalor-G On The Performance Of Stocker Heifers Grazing Irrigated, Smooth Bromegrass Pasture For A Full Season, Gerry L. Kuhl, M.D. Reynolds, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Dale A. Blasi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 150-day field study was conducted to evaluate single vs. reimplant strategies for stocker heifers grazing irrigated smooth bromegrass . Three hundred forty-three previously nonimplanted British crossbred heifers averaging 494 lb were assigned to one of seven treatments: 1) no implant-control (NC), 2) Revalor-G® (REVG), 3) Ralgro® (RAL), 4) Synovex-H® (SYNH), 5) REVG/REVG, 6) RAL/RAL, and 7) SYNH/SYNH. Reimplanting (Treatments 5, 6 , and 7) was done on day 75 of the trial. In the first 75 days, all implants increased (P<.05) average daily gain (ADG) compared to NC. For the last 75 days (days 75 through 150), heifers implanted with REVG, REVG/REVG, RAL/RAL, and SYNH gained faster (P<.05) than NC or those implanted with RAL, and SYNH/SYNH. No significant differences occur red among the latter three treatments. Over the entire trial, there was no advantage to reimplanting heifers with REVG or RAL. SYNH/ SYNH heifers gained less (P<.05) than their single -implanted counterparts.
Effect Of Grain Sorghum Particle Size And Digest “M” Enzyme Treatment On Performance Of Growing Steers, T.J. Kessen, D.D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl, James S. Drouillard
Effect Of Grain Sorghum Particle Size And Digest “M” Enzyme Treatment On Performance Of Growing Steers, T.J. Kessen, D.D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 73-day growing study utilizing 203 crossbred steers (681 lb) and a digestion trial examined the effect o f sorghum grain particle size on rumen fermentation, ration digestibility, and performance of growing steers fed 37% grain and 63% ground alfalfa. Dry-rolled grain sorghum p article sizes in both trials were about 2000, 1500, and 1000 microns, for the coarse- (CR), medium- (MR), and fine-rolled (FR) treatments , respectively. Coarsely rolled corn (2000 microns) was included as a positive control. In the growing study, half of sorghum was treated at feeding time with an enzyme product, Digest "M". The rations were …
Effects Of Various Supplemental Starch And Protein Levels On Ruminal Fermentation And Liquid Passage Of Beef Steers Fed Tallgrass-Prairie Hay, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, K. C. Olson, Timothy J. Jones, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effects Of Various Supplemental Starch And Protein Levels On Ruminal Fermentation And Liquid Passage Of Beef Steers Fed Tallgrass-Prairie Hay, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, K. C. Olson, Timothy J. Jones, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The effect of supplements containing various proportions of degradable intake protein (DIP) and starch on ruminal digestion characteristics of forage-fed beef steers was evaluated. Fluid passage rates, ruminal ammonia (N H), 3 and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations increased as the amount of supplemental DIP increased. Starch infused at .3% of BW increased molar proportion s of propionate and butyrate and decreased acetate, compared to feeding DIP alone. However, proportions of branched-chain VFA increased with DIP at all levels of starch infusion. Total digestible organic matter intake (TDOMI) was increased with each addition of DIP; however, infusing starch within …
Protein Requirements Of Growing Steers Limit-Fed Corn-Based Diets, R.H. Wessels, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Protein Requirements Of Growing Steers Limit-Fed Corn-Based Diets, R.H. Wessels, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Seven steers (513 lb) were used in an experiment to investigate optimal levels and sources of protein in diets limit-fed to allow gain of 2.2 lb/day. Treatments were: a negative-control diet (urea; supplemented, 11.7% crude protein) and six diets containing either 13.5, 15.4, or 17.2% crude protein with either solvent-extracted (SSBM) or expeller-processed (ESBM) soybean meal, in which the soybean meal replaced corn in the control diet. Diets provided 75, 87.5, 100, or 112.5% of estimated crude protein requirement for a gain of 2.2 lb/day. The basal diet contained 83% rolled corn, 15% alfalfa , and .2% urea. Nitrogen (N) …
Effect Of Supplement Strategy On Intake And Digestion Of Prairie Hay By Beef Steers, R.H. Greenwood, C.A. Loest, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Effect Of Supplement Strategy On Intake And Digestion Of Prairie Hay By Beef Steers, R.H. Greenwood, C.A. Loest, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The effects of supple mental corn (4 lb/day), rumen-protected methionine (4.25 grams DL-methionine per day), or a cooked molasses block (1 lb/day) on intake and digestion of prairie hay were measured i n beef steers. Steers that consumed the cooked molasses block ate more forage than control steers, whereas forage intake was decreased by supplemental corn. Total tract organic matter digestion, expressed as a percent of intake, was numerically greatest for steers consuming the cooked molasses block. Digestible organic matter intake, a rough estimate of energy available to the steers, was unaffected by methionine but was increased by supplementation of …
Evaluation Of The Protein Characteristics Of Four Diverse Grasses, C.P. Mathis, I.E.O. Abdelgadir, R.C. Cochran, J.S. Heldt, B.C. Woods, E.S. Vanzant, K. C. Olson, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Evaluation Of The Protein Characteristics Of Four Diverse Grasses, C.P. Mathis, I.E.O. Abdelgadir, R.C. Cochran, J.S. Heldt, B.C. Woods, E.S. Vanzant, K. C. Olson, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Forage protein characteristics in four grasses were evaluated by the nylon bag method. All of the forages used (Bermudagrass hay, brome hay, forage sorghum hay, and prairie hay) were of relatively low quality, except the Bermudagrass, which was of average quality. The forages differed in the size of different protein fractions and in the rate and extent of protein degradation. Predicted extent of ruminal protein degradation (i.e., ruminal protein availability) was lowest for prairie hay, intermediate for Bermudagrass and forage sorghum hay, and highest for the brome hay.
Evaluation Of The Effects Of Carbohydrate Source And Level Of Degradable Intake Protein On The Intake And Digestion Of Tallgrass-Prairie Hay By Beef Steers, J.S. Heldt, R.C. Cochran, C.P. Mathis, B.C. Woods, Gerald L. Stokka, K. C. Olson, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Evaluation Of The Effects Of Carbohydrate Source And Level Of Degradable Intake Protein On The Intake And Digestion Of Tallgrass-Prairie Hay By Beef Steers, J.S. Heldt, R.C. Cochran, C.P. Mathis, B.C. Woods, Gerald L. Stokka, K. C. Olson, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Thirteen ruminally fistulated steers were used to determine the effect of carbohydrate (CHO) source and degradable intake protein (DIP) on intake and digestion of tallgrass-prairie hay. In general, DIP supplementation had positive effects on intake and digestion, although response varied somewhat with CHO source. Increasing the amount of supplemental CHO generally decreased hay intake, but effects on digestion were dependent on CHO source.
The Effects Of Supplementation Frequency And Amount Of Urea In Dry Supplements On Intake And Digestibility Of Low-Quality Tallgrass-Prairie Forage By Beef Steers, B.C. Woods, R.C. Cochran, C.P. Mathis, J.S. Heldt, Gerald L. Stokka, K. C. Olson, Evan C. Titgemeyer
The Effects Of Supplementation Frequency And Amount Of Urea In Dry Supplements On Intake And Digestibility Of Low-Quality Tallgrass-Prairie Forage By Beef Steers, B.C. Woods, R.C. Cochran, C.P. Mathis, J.S. Heldt, Gerald L. Stokka, K. C. Olson, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Sixteen ruminally fistulated steers were used to evaluate the effects of altering supplementation frequency and including urea in dry supplements on forage intake and digestion. Intake of low-quality tallgrass-prairie hay was not affected by supplementation frequency or by the inclusion of urea. Supplementing cattle less frequently resulted in a decrease in diet digestion. However, we observed a slight trend for reduced supplementation frequency to exert a greater impact when cattle were fed supplements that contained urea.
Effect Of Urea Level In Protein Supplements On Performance By Beef Cows Consuming Low-Quality, Tallgrass-Prairie Forage, B.C. Woods, R.C. Cochran, C.P. Mathis, J.S. Heldt, K. C. Olson, Evan C. Titgemeyer, David M. Grieger
Effect Of Urea Level In Protein Supplements On Performance By Beef Cows Consuming Low-Quality, Tallgrass-Prairie Forage, B.C. Woods, R.C. Cochran, C.P. Mathis, J.S. Heldt, K. C. Olson, Evan C. Titgemeyer, David M. Grieger
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred thirty two Hereford x Angus cows grazing tallgrass-prairie range during winter were used to evaluate the effects of varying the amount of supplemental degradable intake protein (DIP) derived from urea on cow and calf performance. Treatment groups were: 0, 15, 30, and 45% of the supplemental DIP from urea. Supplements were formulated to contain 30% crude protein (CP), with approximately 70% of the CP being DIP. Palatability was not a significant problem within the range of urea inclusion tested. In general, prepartum weight and condition losses were greater with increasing levels of urea, although the magnitude of condition …
Feathermeal/Bloodmeal Liquid Suspensions For Calves Grazing Winter Wheat Pasture, Gerry L. Kuhl, G.E. Jr. Levalley, G.D. Mccormack, Dale A. Blasi, James S. Drouillard, Glenn E. Newdigger
Feathermeal/Bloodmeal Liquid Suspensions For Calves Grazing Winter Wheat Pasture, Gerry L. Kuhl, G.E. Jr. Levalley, G.D. Mccormack, Dale A. Blasi, James S. Drouillard, Glenn E. Newdigger
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A field study was conducted over 2 years at four different locations in south central Kansas to compare a feathermeal/bloodmeal (ESCAPE) liquid suspension to a molasses-based liquid supplement (ENERGY) and a dry mineral supplement (CONTROL) on the liveweight gain of 768 calves grazing wheat pasture. No significant differences occurred in supplement intake between ESCAPE and ENERGY across years (P=.88). Offering a liquid supplement containing either ES CAPE or ENERGY did not improve (P=.91) growth performance relative to CONTROL calves.
Estimating The Undegradable Intake Protein Content Of Two Forages By Different Commercial Proteases, I.E.O. Abdelgadir, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Estimating The Undegradable Intake Protein Content Of Two Forages By Different Commercial Proteases, I.E.O. Abdelgadir, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We evaluated the potential of several commercially available proteases for use in predicting the undegradable intake protein (UIP) concentrations o f alfalfa and prairie hay. Protease s differed in their estimates o f the rate of forage protein breakdown an d the amounts of different forage protein fractions . At least one protease appeared to yield acceptable predictions of UIP via a short-term, single time-point assay. Assays of this type deserve further consideration for commercial application.
Agronomic And Silage Quality Traits Of Forage Sorghum Cultivars In 1995, M.K. Siefers, J.E. Turner, G.L. Huck, S.A. Anderson, K.K. Bolsen, Matthew A. Young, Ronald V. Pope
Agronomic And Silage Quality Traits Of Forage Sorghum Cultivars In 1995, M.K. Siefers, J.E. Turner, G.L. Huck, S.A. Anderson, K.K. Bolsen, Matthew A. Young, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Agronomic and silage quality traits were measure d for 37 forage sorghum cultivars and three grain sorghum hybrids. The 1995 growing season was characterized by above average rainfall in the spring and early summer, and a hard freeze on September 22. At the time of the freeze, 20 cultivars had reached the early-milk to early-dough stage, 12 were in the bloom stage, and the remaining eight were still in the early- to late-boot stage . The late planting date and low plant populations resulted in below-normal whole-plant D M and grain yields. Plant height s for the grain sorghums were …
Effect Of Bacterial Inoculants On The Fermentation And Preservation Efficiencies And Nutritive Value Of Alfalfa Silage For Growing Steers, K.K. Bolsen, G.L. Huck, M.K. Siefers, J.E. Turner, S.A. Anderson, J.S. Pendergraft, Matthew A. Young, Ronald V. Pope
Effect Of Bacterial Inoculants On The Fermentation And Preservation Efficiencies And Nutritive Value Of Alfalfa Silage For Growing Steers, K.K. Bolsen, G.L. Huck, M.K. Siefers, J.E. Turner, S.A. Anderson, J.S. Pendergraft, Matthew A. Young, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two silage bacterial inoculants from Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. were evaluated using second-cutting alfalfa. The Pioneer brand 1174® inoculant and a Pioneer experimental inoculant each increased the rate and efficiency of the ensiling process in both farm-scale and laboratory-scale silos. The two inoculants increase d the DM recovery in the farm-scale silos compared to the untreated silage. Steers fed the experimental inoculant-treated silage gained faster (P<. 10) (2.56 vs. 2.37 lb per day), had a 4.0% higher DM intake, and were 4.3% more efficient than steers fed the untreated silage. The 1174-treated silage supported a numerically but not statistically better steer performance than the control silage. When the DM recovery results were combined with the feed per gain results, the silages with 1174 and experimental inoculant produced 5.3 and 10.5 lb more steer gain per ton of crop ensiled, respectively, than the control silage.
Economics Of Sealing Horizontal Silos, G.L. Huck, J.E. Turner, M.K. Siefers, B.E. Brent, K.K. Bolsen, Matthew A. Young, Ronald V. Pope
Economics Of Sealing Horizontal Silos, G.L. Huck, J.E. Turner, M.K. Siefers, B.E. Brent, K.K. Bolsen, Matthew A. Young, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Determining the value of silage saved by effectively sealing a horizontal silo requires only a few simple calculations, but it is still a concept that is often overlooked by many livestock producers who store large amounts of silage in that manner. Kansas produces about 3.0 million tons of silage annually, primarily from corn and sorghum. A majority of this silage is made and stored in either bunker, trench, or "drive-over" pile silos . Only 20 to 30% of these silos are sealed after filling. Producers who do not seal need to take a second look at the economics of this …
The Effect Of Stage Of Maturity On The Nutritive Value Of Smooth Bromegrass And Eastern Gamagrass Silages, J.E. Turner, M.K. Siefers, G.L. Huck, S.A. Anderson, K.K. Bolsen, Matthew A. Young
The Effect Of Stage Of Maturity On The Nutritive Value Of Smooth Bromegrass And Eastern Gamagrass Silages, J.E. Turner, M.K. Siefers, G.L. Huck, S.A. Anderson, K.K. Bolsen, Matthew A. Young
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Early- and late-harvested smooth bromegrass and eastern gamagrass silages and fourthcutting alfalfa silage were compared in two, 20- day voluntary intake and digestion trials. Visual appraisal and pH values indicated that all five forages were well preserved as silage. Voluntary intake tended to be higher for sheep fed bromegrass and alfalfa silages compared to those fed gamagrasssil ages. The late-harvested gamagrass silage had the lowest DM intake in both periods. Dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber digestibilities were generally similar for the two grasses within the early- and late-harvested silages. Chemical analyses indicated that the two bromegrass silages …
Milking Twice Daily In The Presence Of A Cow’S Own Calf Fails To Prolong Postpartum Anestrus, G.C. Lamb, J.M. Lynch, B.L. Miller, David M. Grieger, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Milking Twice Daily In The Presence Of A Cow’S Own Calf Fails To Prolong Postpartum Anestrus, G.C. Lamb, J.M. Lynch, B.L. Miller, David M. Grieger, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Six treatment s were initiated approximately 15 days after calving: 1) calf was weaned permanently from its dam (calf weaned; CW); 2) calf was present continuously with its dam but contact with the udder was prohibited (calf restricted; CR); 3) calf was present continuously with its dam (calf present; CP); 4) CR dam was suckled twice daily by her own calf (CR+S2x); 5) CW dam was milked twice daily (CW+M2x); 6) CR dam was milked twice daily (CR+ M2x). During the 4-week treatment period , cows in the CR+M2x treatment had twofold greater yield milk and milk components than CW+M2x …
Failure Of Precalving Supplementation Of Vitamin E And Dietary Fat To Alter Reproductive Performance Of First Lactation Cows Or The Health Of Their Calves, J.L. Coalson, L.R. Corah, Gerald L. Stokka, Frank Blecha
Failure Of Precalving Supplementation Of Vitamin E And Dietary Fat To Alter Reproductive Performance Of First Lactation Cows Or The Health Of Their Calves, J.L. Coalson, L.R. Corah, Gerald L. Stokka, Frank Blecha
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A study was conducted to determine the effect of precalving supplementation with vitamin E and fat on the reproductive performance of first lactation cows and the health of their calves. Approximately 50 days before the first expected calving, 48 crossbred heifers were allotted to four treatments: 1) basal diet that consisted of 13 lb of prairie hay, 7.3 lb of milo, and 1 lb of supplement per heifer per day; 2) basal diet+supplement bringing the diet to 4% fat; 3) basal diet+supplement providing 1000 IU supplemental vitamin E/day; and 4) basal diet plus both fat and vitamin E. Supplementation of …
Estrus Detection, First Service Conception, And Embryonic Death In Beef Heifers Synchronized With Mga And Prostaglandin, G.C. Lamb, B.L. Miller, V. Traffas, L.R. Corah
Estrus Detection, First Service Conception, And Embryonic Death In Beef Heifers Synchronized With Mga And Prostaglandin, G.C. Lamb, B.L. Miller, V. Traffas, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In April, 1996, 1501 yearling crossbred heifers located on seven different ranches were estrus-synchronized and artificially inseminated (AI) 12 hours after they were detected in estrus. Herd size ranged from 82 to 43 9 head. Of the 1501 heifers, 86.1% were detected in estrus. First service conception rates of those 1292 heifers averaged 58.4% (40.3 to 68.8%). In three herds, ultrasonography was used to diagnose 525 heifers as pregnant at 30 days after AI. At 60 to 90 days after the breeding season, palpation of the uterus confirmed that embryonic death had occurred in 4.2% (4.0 to 4.8%). First service …
A Novel Estrus-Synchronization Program For Anestrous And Cycling, Suckled, Beef Cows, W.L. Forbes, L.R. Corah, K. E. Thompson, G.C. Lamb, David M. Grieger, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
A Novel Estrus-Synchronization Program For Anestrous And Cycling, Suckled, Beef Cows, W.L. Forbes, L.R. Corah, K. E. Thompson, G.C. Lamb, David M. Grieger, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used four herds at three Kansas ranches to evaluate the potential of two new estrus synchronization strategies to increase estrus expression and fertility of 911 crossbred suckled beef cows. The treatments included: 1) 100 μg of GnRH and a 6-mg norgestomet ear implant on day -7 and 25 mg of PG F2" and implant removal on day 0 (GnRH+NORG+PG F2"); 2) 100 μg of GnRH on day - 7 and 25 mg of PGF 2" on day 0 (GnRH+PG F2"); and 3 ) (control) 25- mg injections of PG F2" on days -14 and 0; (2xPGF2" control) . The …
Reproductive Performance Of Replacement Heifers Implanted As Young Calves Or At Weaning, L.R. Corah, A.R. Spell, D.L. Cook, M.D. Butine, K. Anderson, David M. Grieger
Reproductive Performance Of Replacement Heifers Implanted As Young Calves Or At Weaning, L.R. Corah, A.R. Spell, D.L. Cook, M.D. Butine, K. Anderson, David M. Grieger
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This study evaluated the effect of implanting potential replacement heifers (n=548) with Component E-C® (10 mg of estradiol and 100 mg of progesterone) between 45 and 120 days of age or at weaning (200 days of age) on future reproductive performance. Trials were conducted at five ranches in Kansas and one in Nebraska. At each location, heifers were allotted to three treatments: no implant (Control), one implant at 45 to 120 days of age (Early- IMP), or one implant at 2 00 days of age (Wean- IMP). No differences were detected among treatments for first service conception rate (55%), overall …
Effect Of Heifer Source On Reproductive Performance, Culling, Marketing And Profitability For A Commercial Heifer Development Program, J.M. Lynch, G.C. Lamb, L.R. Corah, David M. Grieger
Effect Of Heifer Source On Reproductive Performance, Culling, Marketing And Profitability For A Commercial Heifer Development Program, J.M. Lynch, G.C. Lamb, L.R. Corah, David M. Grieger
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A commercial heifer development operation purchased 483 weanling Angus x Hereford heifers from 11 sources. Heifers were fed a common silage-based diet through an initial developmental period and retained or culled based on average daily gain, pelvic area, and disposition . The percentage of heifers culled from each source ranged from 18.1% to 94.7% and were either sold directly through a local sale barn or sent to a feedlot with retained ownership . Estrus was synchronized, and heifers were artificially inseminated (AI) for 30 days followed by 15 days of natural mating. First service conception rates for each source ranged …