Life Sciences Commons^™

Inducing Puberty In Beef Heifers With Hormones, R. Debenedetti, G.H. Kiracofe, V. Hultine, R.M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twenty-six Polled Hereford and Simmental-cross heifers that had not cycled by the beginning of the breeding season were given an ear implant and injected with an estrogen-progestogen compound. The implant was removed after 9 days and all heifers were in estrus 1 to 5 days later. Six heifers conceived the first insemination, 11 the second, and 24 during the 65-day breeding season.

Synchronizing Estrus In Beef Heifers With Prostaglandin And Syncromate B, R.C. Debenedetti, G.H. Kiracofe, V. Hultine, R.M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forty-five of 50 heifers were in estrus 1 to 5 days after 7-day synchronization implants were removed. Prostaglandin was injected one day before implants were removed. Thirty-one of the 45 (68.9%) heifers conceived to first artificial insemination service.

Inheritance Of Some Reproductive Traits By Young Bulls, J.H. Warren, J. Blum, R.R. Schalles, G. Kiracofe, K. Henry, V. Hultine

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Severa1 reproductive traits of yearling Polled Hereford bulls were evaluated during and immediately after a 140-day feeding test. Results indicate that concentration of sperm and percentages of live sperm are heritable and genetically independent of each other. Heritability was low for sex drive or libido.

Feeding Propionic Acid-Treated, Flaked Sorghum To Finishing Steers, Terry L. Gugle, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fifty-four yearling Hereford steers averaging 805 pounds were used in an 86-day finishing trial to determine the effect of adding low levels of propionic acid to steam flaked sorghum grain. Three treatments were examined. Treatment one consisted of sorghum grain steam flaked twice weekly for a maximum of 4 days between flaking. Treatment two was the same as treatment 1 except that propionic acid was added into the discharge auger at 0.15% of the weight of the flakes. Treatment three was flaking once a week with propionic acid added at 0.25% of the weight of the flakes. Both acid levels …

Factors Influencing Net Income From A Steer Through Feedlot, J.K. Blum, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Steers entering feedlots with higher starting weight per day of age had greater net value a t slaughter than lighter steers. Faster gaining steers brought the highest net income. Age on feed did not influence net income. High dressing percentage increased the net income but generally the relationship was low between carcass traits and net income.

Methods Of Improving Quality Of Grass-Fed Beef, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, V. Chen, A. Harrison, O. Corte, C. Kuntapanit, M.E. Smith, J. Thomas, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ten steers of known background, approximately 18 months old, and wintered on alfalfa and protein were finished on a brome and bluestem grazing program. Carcass characteristics were measured. The influence of conditioning carcass halves at 55 F until eight hours post-mortem was compared with conventional chilling at 36 F. Finally, the effects of vacuum storage and display on beef quality were evaluated.

Milo Stover And Forage Sorghum Silages For Growing Heifers, K. Bolsen, L. Corah, C. Grimes, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety-six heifer calves were used to compare four silage combinations: (1) 100% milo stover, (2) 67% milo stover and 33% forage sorghum, (3) 33% milo stover and 67% forage sorghum and (4) 100% forage sorghum. Each ration was fed to four pens of six heifers each during the 88-day trial. Heifers fed 100% forage sorghum made the fastest and most efficient gains(P<.05); those fed 100% milo stover, the slowest and least efficient gains (P<.05). Based on gains obtained from these two rations, the 67% milo stover silage ration produced 16% faster gain than predicted; the 33% milo stover ration, a 5% faster gain than predicted.

Comparison Of Feed Consumption Of Pigs In Two Lines (1976), J D. Wheat, Donald H. Kropf, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pigs in the control line ate more, grew faster, and were less efficient than those in the select line.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1976

Efficacy Of Feeding Finishing-Pigs To Heavier Weights On Two Protein Sequences (1976), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty-four pigs averaging 75 lbs. were used to evaluate feeding finishing hogs to 230, 260, or 290 lbs. on two protein regimes. Rate of gain declined after the pigs reached 200 lbs. regardless of protein level, which resulted in an increase of approximately 20 to 25 days required for each pen of pigs to average 30 lbs. of gain. Feed costs increased with the increased pounds of feed required per pound of gain for the heavier weights. Pigs fed the lower protein level from 200 lbs. to final weight required more feed per pound of gain, yielded carcasses with slightly …

Trace Mineral Levels During Gestation Of Sows In Confinement-Effects On Immunoglobin Performance And Health Of Neonatal Pigs (1976), D A. Schoneweis, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We compared the effects of two levels of trace minerals fed dams during gestation on the hemoglobin, packed cell volume, performance, and health of 31 litters of neonatal pigs. The dams had been on concrete all of their lives. There were no significant differences in the hemoglobin or packed cell volume in pigs due to trace mineral levels fed the dam during gestation. There were no apparent differences in the incidence of neonatal disease or other problems in any of the pigs. These results indicate no benefit from adding excess trace minerals to the ration of sows during gestation, even …

Dietary Responses To Processed And Non-Processed Peanuts And Grains By Growing-Finishing Pigs (1976), T F. Balogun, B A. Koch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twenty-four crossbred barrows and gilts averaging 92 lbs. were used to evaluate whole shelled peanut as a protein and energy source for pigs. Pigs used whole peanuts and corn less efficiently than ground peanuts and corn. Feed intake and average daily gain were greatly improved when peanuts and corn were fed in ground form. Roasting peanuts for one hour at 120 C improved performance only slightly over raw peanuts. Pigs fed a soybean meal diet had slightly better average daily gain than those fed a lysine-supplemented peanut meal diet.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1976

Response Of Yearling Steers On Bluestem Pasture To Ralgro, Synovex S And Stilbestrol Implants, E.F. Smith, Jack G. Riley, Don Boggs

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred seventy-five Hereford, Hereford-Angus cross and Angus steers, averaging 553 lbs., were distributed as equally as possible by breed among four pastures. The pasture season was May 2 to October 5, 1975 (152 days). A third of the steers in each pasture were implanted with one of the three following materials: Ralgro, Synovex S, Stilbestrol (30 mg.). There was no significant difference in gains by the groups. Previous research has shown that Stilbestrol implants increase weight gains of steers on bluestem pasture 10 to 15 percent.

Forage And Grain Yields Of Wheat And Barley, K. Bolsen, L.L. Berger, W. Moore

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our objectives were to determine the effects of variety and stage of plant growth at harvest on forage and grain yields of wheat and barley. Plots were grown at the Animal Science and Industry Farm near Manhattan in 1973-74 and 1974-75 and at the South Central Kansas Experiment Field at Hutchinson in 1974-75. Hard red winter wheat varieties used were Parker, Eagle and Sage; soft red winter wheats were Arthur-71 and Blue Boy II. Three winter barley varieties were Paoli, Jefferson and Kanby. All cereals were harvested for forage in boot, milk and dough stages of plant growth and each …

Effects Of Growth Promoting Implants Gains Of Nursing Calves, L. Corah, K. Kimple, M. Mckee, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Both steer and heifer calves gain significantly (P<.05) faster on summer pasture with growth-promoting implants than calves not implanted. Ralgro, Synovex-S, and Synovex-H were tested, with no significant advantage for one Implant type.

Flavor Enhancers In Growing-Pig Rations (1976), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Groups of growing pigs restricted to control feed or feed containing one of 5 commercial flavoring agents or taste enhancers consumed similar amounts of feed and made similar weight gains and similar feed/gain.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1976

Added Pyridoxine For Finishing-Pig Rations (1976), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pyridoxine added to finishing rations at two levels did not improve pig performance. Performance of pigs receiving a 20% crude protein broiler ration equalled, but was not better than, that of pigs receiving a standard 16% crude protein ration.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1976

Effect Of Rumensin On Performance Of Growing Heifers, K. Bolsen, L. Corah, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used 136 Hereford heifer calves in two studies to determine the effect on performance of 200 mg monensin (trade name Rumensin) per head daily. It significantly improved gain by 7.5% and 4.6% in trials 1 and 2 respectively, and significantly improved efficiency 11.6% and 12.2%, respectively.

Effect Of Rumensin On Performance Of Finishing Steers, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred ten Hereford x Angus crossbred yearling steers were used in two trials to determine effects of Monensin (trade name Rumensin) on performance and carcass characteristics. Top dressing a protein supplement (crumbles or pellets) containing Rumensin was an acceptable way to feed the compound in trial 1. Rumensin increased gain 2.0% reduced feed intake 4.3%, and improved feed efficiency 6.1%. Trial 2 was conducted to determine if Rumensin could be fed to steers after they had been on a high concentrate ration at least 56 days. Four levels (1, 10, 20, and 30 grams per ton) were compared. Ten …

Efficacy Of Trolene 40 Insecticidal Premix To Control Grubs In Feedlot Cattle, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety Angus crossbred steers originating from northwestern Nebraska and averageing 440 lb. were used to evaluate the efficacy of Trolene 40 insecticidal premix to control cattle grubs in feedlot cattle. Thirty steers were randomly assigned to each of these three treatments: (1) control; (2) .0018 lb. runnel/100 lb. body weight per day for 7 days; (3) .0009 lb. runnel/100 lb. body weight for 14 days. The active ingredient was incorporated into a ground-sorghum-grain premix and fed in the complete ration. The trial started November 21; the 14-day feeding ended December 2, 1974. Grub counts were made February 27, 1975. The …

Energy Levels For Growing And Finishing Steers, K. Bolsen, Michael E. Dikeman, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four combinations of low (LE), moderate (ME) and high (HE) energy rations were fed to growing and finishing steers. The four treatments were: LE-ME; LE-HE; ME-ME and ME-HE. All steers were more efficient during the growing phase (473 to 750 lbs.) than the finishing phase (750 to 1050 lbs.). During the growing phase, performance of steers fed the ME ration exceeded that of steers fed the LE ration. During the finishing phase, performance of steers fed the HE ration exceeded that of steers fed the ME ration. Steers on the LE-HE treatment required more energy per lb. of gain than …

Reliability Of U.S.D.A. Beef Carcass Yield Grades In Reflecting Differences In Retail Yields, R.J. Lipsey, Dell M. Allen, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Retail cut-out and U.S.D.A. yield grade data were obtained on 1,121 carcasses of steers from Hereford and Angus dams mated artificially to Hereford, Angus, Jersey, Limousin, South Devon, Simmental and Charolais bulls. Calves were weaned when approximately 215 days old, conditioned 28 days, fed an average of 218 days after weaning before being slaughtered in a commercial slaughter plant. Carcass cooler data were obtained and the right side of each carcass was cut into closely trimmed, essentially boneless retail cuts at the KSU food service building. Beef yield grades do reflect definite differences in retail yields. Statistical tests indicated less …

Whey-Reconstituted Milo For Finishing Beef Heifers, K. Bolsen, C. Grimes, R. Mickelson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three milo treatments were evaluated in finishing rations for heifers: dry-rolled, reconstituted with water, and reconstituted with whey. Reconstituting milo with water or whey did not increase weight gain or efficiency of heifers over that of heifers fed dry-rolled milo. The slowest and least efficient gains were produced by the water-reconstituted milo. Performances were similar for the dry-rolled and whey-reconstituted milo treatments.

Excreta Silage For Maintaining Pregnant Cows And Heifers, M. Mckee, K.L. Conway, G. Fink, K. Kimple, J.D. Hoover, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Preliminary trials the summer of 1975 tested the value of excreta silage for maintain pregnant cows and heifers. Ingredients in the excreta silage were wheat straw, cattle excreta, corn, and molasses. Eighty mature cows were divided into three lots and received either excreta silage, alfalfa haylage, or ½ excreta silage and ½ alfalfa haylage as sources of roughage for 59 days (July 25 to September 22). Cows receiving excreta silage tended to gain more than cows on haylage or ½ haylage and ½ excreta silage. Twenty-nine, sixteen-month old, pregnant, part Simmental heifers were divided into two lots. One group received …

Energy Levels And Roughage Sources For Bulls On 140-Day Test, M. Mckee, K.L. Conway, G. Fink, R.R. Schalles, K.K. Bolsen, K.O. Zoellner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eight Hereford, 16 Angus, and 36 part Simmental bulls were tested for 140 days (October 15, 1974 to March 4, 1975) for weight gained. Bulls were divided into four groups and fed four rations that had been formulated for two energy levels (high or medium) and two sources of roughage (corn silage or oats and prairie hay). Average daily gains (lbs.) on the four rations were: high energy silage, 3.36; high energy oats and prairie hay, 3.31; low energy silage, 2.77; and low energy oats and prairie hay, 3.25.

Evaluation Of Antibacterial Preparations On Growth Rate And Feed Efficiency Of Young Pigs (1976), G L. Allee, B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety-six young pigs were used to evaluate various antibacterial preparations on rate and efficiency of gain. Each of the antibacterial preparations increased rate of gain over pigs fed the non-medicated basal diet. There were no significant differences in daily gains of pigs fed ASP-250, CSP-250, Lincomix, Mecadox, or Stafac.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1976

Relationship Between Body Measurements And Performance Traits In Boars (1976), P B. Conley Iii, T W. Orwig, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fourteen body measurements were taken on 259 boars at 65 lbs. and again at 250 lbs. determine the relationship of external body dimensions with certain performance traits. Correlations between body measurements and growth tended to be extremely low for most factors. Our results do not support using body measurements as v1sual indicators of growth. This study suggests that performance testing is still the best way to predict a particular animal's genetic potential.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1976

Response Of Yearling Steers To Burning And Fertilizing Pasture And Intensive Early Season Stocking (Bluestem Pastures), L.H. Harbers, R.R. Schalles, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby, Don Boggs

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Nine pastures totaling 492 acres were summer grazed by yearling Hereford, Hereford-Angus cross, and Angus steers distributed equally by breed. Five pastures were burned April 22, 1975; four were not burned. Burned and nonburned pastures had 0, 40, or 80 lbs. of nitrogen per acre applied aerially April 29, 1975. Stocking rates were determined with herbage production data from experimental plots under similar treatments. Under equal fertilization and stocking ratios, burned and fertilized pastures produced as much or more average daily gain and more gain per acre than nonburned pastures. Fertilizing and heavier stocking tended to reduce average daily gains …

Wheat, Barley And Corn Silage Rations And Urea For Growing Steers, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eight rations were fed to 15 yearling steers (3 pens of 5 steers each). Arthur wheat, Paoli barley and corn silages were supplemented with either soybean meal or urea; Blue Boy II and Eagle wheat silages were supplemented with soybean meal. All steers were full-fed a 12.5% crude protein ration containing 86% silage and 14% supplement. Results of the 84-day trial show steers fed the four corn and barley silage rations gained faster and more efficiently than those fed wheat silages. Steers fed Arthur and Eagle silage rations performed similarly. Those fed Blue Boy II silage made the slowest and …

Micronized Milo And Urea In High-Hay Growing Rations For Beef Heifers, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twenty-four individually fed heifers were used to evaluate four combinations of micronized or dry-rolled milo and soybean meal or urea supplements in prairie hay growing rations. Feeding 5 lbs. of micronized milo produced 23% faster and 18% more efficient gains than feeding 5 lbs. of dry-rolled milo. Heifers fed micronized milo + urea tended to gain faster and more efficiently than heifers fed dry-rolled milo + soybean meal.

Bounty Systems In Vermin Control, S J O Whitehouse

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

For more than 3000 years man has tried to reduce the numbers of pest animals by payment of bounties. In general, the system has failed.

This article, by a research scientist who specalizes in the study of declared (pest) animals in Western Australia reviews some of the literature about bounties and comments on the situation in Australia.