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Commercial Culture And Inoculant Additives For Alfalfa And Whole-Plant Corn Silages, M. Hinds, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, George A. Milliken
Commercial Culture And Inoculant Additives For Alfalfa And Whole-Plant Corn Silages, M. Hinds, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, George A. Milliken
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Experimental 5 gallon plastic silos were used in three trials to evaluate these alfalfa and corn silages: 1) control (no additive); 2) CULBAC® culture; 3) McNess ® inoculant; 4) SILA-GREEN® inoculant; and 5) Biomax SI ® inoculant. Two silos per treatment were opened on days 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, and 56 post-ensiling in trial 1 (alfalfa) and trial 2 (corn) and the changes that occurred during the ensiling process were compared by using nonlinear models. Only 56-day silages were evaluated in trial 3 (alfalfa). All silages were of acceptable quality. The four culture/inoculant additives had no consistent effects on …
Cause And Effect Of Calving Difficulty In First Calf Heifers On Subsequent Reproductive Performance And Weaning Weights Of Progeny, R.P. Bolze, R.J. Pruitt, L.R. Corah
Cause And Effect Of Calving Difficulty In First Calf Heifers On Subsequent Reproductive Performance And Weaning Weights Of Progeny, R.P. Bolze, R.J. Pruitt, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Eight years of records for 1495 2-year old beef heifer calvings from two Kansas ranches were analyzed to determine the cause and effect"¢ of calving difficulty on subsequent reproductive performance and weaning weights of progeny. The study involved two herds of Simmental cattle (spring and fall calving) and one herd of fall calving Angus cattle. Heifers were classified as either requiring or not requiring assistance with their first calf. Herds were analyzed separately. Percentages of heifers requiring assistance for the Angus, spring calving Simmental and fall calving Simmental herds were 36%, 57% and 38%, respectively. In all herds, calves from …
A Summary Of Recent Kansas State University Research On The Metabolism Of Supplemental Niacin In The Rumen Of Cattle, E.E. Bartley, D.O. Riddell, M.A. Arambel, S.M. Dennis
A Summary Of Recent Kansas State University Research On The Metabolism Of Supplemental Niacin In The Rumen Of Cattle, E.E. Bartley, D.O. Riddell, M.A. Arambel, S.M. Dennis
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Benefits have been shown under certain conditions when niacin is added to the diets of beef cattle, dairy cattle or sheep. We attempted to find out what effects added niacin has on the rumen fermentation, and conversely, how the rumen metabolizes niacin.
Comparison Of Two Testosterone Treatments For Heat Detector Cows, M.D. Heekin, G.H. Kiracofe
Comparison Of Two Testosterone Treatments For Heat Detector Cows, M.D. Heekin, G.H. Kiracofe
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Testosterone propionate and testosterone enanthate treated cows were equally effective as heat detectors but the testosterone enanthate treatment required at least 9 fewer injections and less time from first injection unit the cow was active as a detector.
Stocking Rate, Supplementation And Implants For Steers Grazing Bluestem Pasture In Early Summer, R. Held, E.F. Smith, Jack G. Riley, Clenton E. Owensby
Stocking Rate, Supplementation And Implants For Steers Grazing Bluestem Pasture In Early Summer, R. Held, E.F. Smith, Jack G. Riley, Clenton E. Owensby
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Native bluestem pastures were grazed from May 10 to July 15, 1982 by steers averaging 599 lbs, at stocking rates 1.82, 1.5, 1.2 acres per steer. Daily gains were similar for all rates, but gain per acre increased with increased stocking rate. Half of the steers were self-fed a salt-limiting sorghum grain-Rumensin® mixture, at about 1.8lb per steer per day. Supplementation increased daily gain (P<.05) but actual differences were small (2.08 vs. 1.91 lb per day). Gain per acre was increased 7 lbs by supplementation. Herbage yields at mid-July were least on the heavily stocked pastures, but by October regrowth on all pasture was equal. Stocking rate did not affect botanical composition. There were no significant gain differences for steers implanted with either Compudose®, Ralgro® or Synovex®, even though 24 percent of the Compudose implants were lost by mid-summer.
Inoculant And Urea-Molasses Additives For Forage Sorghum Silage, M. Hinds, J. Brethour, K. Bolsen
Inoculant And Urea-Molasses Additives For Forage Sorghum Silage, M. Hinds, J. Brethour, K. Bolsen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Inoculant (1177 in one trial) and non-protein nitrogen (LSA-100 in two trials) silage additives were evaluated with whole-plant forage sorghum silage. Steers fed LSA-100 silage gained faster than steers fed control silage supplemented with soybean meal (4.8% in trial 1; 12% in trial 2). Feed conversion was improved 11% in trial 1 and was similar to the control silage in trial 2. Silage inoculated with 1177 supported rates and efficiencies of gain similar to the control silage. Of the nitrogen added from LSA-100, 90.9% in trial 1 and 86.2% in trial 2 was recovered from the concrete stave silos. Dry …
Additive-Treated Corn Silage, Harvestore Cornlage, And Sodium Bicarbonate Supplement For Yearling Steers, S. Soderlund, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, J. Hoover
Additive-Treated Corn Silage, Harvestore Cornlage, And Sodium Bicarbonate Supplement For Yearling Steers, S. Soderlund, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, J. Hoover
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Steers fed Silo Guard II® treated corn silage gained 3.5% faster and were 8.3% more efficient than those fed the control silage. Cornlage (54% dry matter corn silage in an oxygen-limiting structure) produced numerically slower and less efficient gains than either treated or untreated silage, but differences in silages were not statistically significant. Steers fed sodium bicarbonate throughout the trial consumed 8.5% more silage, gained 14% faster (P<.05), and were 3% more efficient than those not fed bicarbonate; performance of steer fed bicarbonate for the first half of the trial was intermediate. Steers fed cornlage had a higher rumen fluid acetate:propionate ratio (P<.05) than those fed the control or Silo Guard II silages but there were no significant differences due to bicarbonate in rumen fluid volatile fatty acids. Silage DM recoveries and aerobic stabilities were similar for the control and Silo Guard II silages. Cornlage was less stable in air than the other two silages.
Effect Of Salt Form And Processing Method On Salt Intake And Beef Cattle Performance, Lyle W. Lomas
Effect Of Salt Form And Processing Method On Salt Intake And Beef Cattle Performance, Lyle W. Lomas
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Processing method (evaporated vs. rock) had no effect on salt consumption or weight gain of growing stocker cattle. Steers consumed 2.18 times more loose salt than block salt.
Factors Affecting Prices Of Calves And Yearlings In Kansas, C. Lambert, L. Corah, O. Grunewald
Factors Affecting Prices Of Calves And Yearlings In Kansas, C. Lambert, L. Corah, O. Grunewald
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Data were collected on 85,195 cattle sold in 15 Kansas auctions during October and November 1981. Buyers discounted sick cattle heavily, 'and discounts were heavier on sick calves than yearlings. The discount for bulls vs. steers increased as weight increased, but the discount for heifers vs. steers decreased with increasing weight. Buyers pay little if any premium for thin cattle, but severely discount very thin or fat cattle. Cattle with average fill sold as well or better than shrunk cattle. Gaunt or tanked cattle were heavily discounted. Best prices were paid for lots of 20 to 40 head, with heavy …
Response Time To Estrus Synchronization, R.R. Schalles, M. Spire, C. Clarke
Response Time To Estrus Synchronization, R.R. Schalles, M. Spire, C. Clarke
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Heavy milking cows took longer to respond to estrus synchronization than light milking cows. There was no difference in response time between cows treated with Estrumate and Lutalyse. Cow weight, height or condition had no effect on estrus response time.
Effect Of Energy Intake On Semen Characteristics, Sex Drive, And Scrotal Circumference Of Yearling Beef Bulls, D. Pruitt, L. Corah, G. Kiracofe, M. Mckee, M. Spire
Effect Of Energy Intake On Semen Characteristics, Sex Drive, And Scrotal Circumference Of Yearling Beef Bulls, D. Pruitt, L. Corah, G. Kiracofe, M. Mckee, M. Spire
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Simmental and Hereford bulls were fed individually three levels of energy per breed for 200 days beginning shortly after weaning. Then all bulls were adjusted to a roughage ration for 10 days, before grazing brome pasture for 38 days as one group. High energy did not decrease semen quality or sex drive. Energy level affected scrotal circumference of the Simmentals but not Herefords. Weight loss on pasture did not decrease semen quality or sex drive.
Effects Of Compudose® And Ralgro® Implants And Tramisol® Injectable Wormer On The Performance Of Grazing Yearling Steers., S. Laudert, C. Sauerwein, G. Harris
Effects Of Compudose® And Ralgro® Implants And Tramisol® Injectable Wormer On The Performance Of Grazing Yearling Steers., S. Laudert, C. Sauerwein, G. Harris
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Compudose and Ralgro improved (P<.05) average daily gain 15% over non-implanted controls. No difference was observed between the two implants. Tramisol injectable wormer increased (P<.05) average daily gain 8% over non-wormed cattle.
Aborting Feedlot Heifers With Alfaprostol, L.E. Keay, G. Kiracofe, M. Simon, Jack G. Riley
Aborting Feedlot Heifers With Alfaprostol, L.E. Keay, G. Kiracofe, M. Simon, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The effectiveness of alfaprostol in inducing abortion was tested in 93 pregnant heifers. Alfaprostol was injected intramuscularly, .7 mg per 100 pounds body weight. Twenty-four heifers were injected when they averaged 83 days (range 64 to 86) pregnant, while 23 were injected when 138 days (range 119-143) pregnant. A control injection of the Alfaprostol carrier, propylene glycol, was given 23 heifers averaging 81 or 134 days pregnant. By 14 days after the Alfaprostol injection 79% of the heifers 83 days pregnant and 96% of the heifers 138 days pregnant had aborted. Two of the 83-day controls and none of the …
Whole-Plant Forage, Grain Or Non-Heading Sorghum Silages, Cornlage, And Feed Flavor Supplements For Growing Calves, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Hinds, J. Hoover, Ronald V. Pope
Whole-Plant Forage, Grain Or Non-Heading Sorghum Silages, Cornlage, And Feed Flavor Supplements For Growing Calves, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Hinds, J. Hoover, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Four whole-plant silages produced in 1981 and 1982 were evaluated using 176 calves in two growing trials. Based on comparative rates and efficiencies of gain, feeding values were 115, 100, 78.5, and 62 for the cornlage, grain sorghum, forage sorghum, and non-heading sorghum silages, respectively. The poorer values for the forage and non-heading silages were due, in part, to low feed intakes. Rolling the grain and forage sorghum silages to break 85% to 95% of the kernels did not improve their value, and the good performance by calves suggests that the whole grain was well utilized.. A feed flavor supplement, …
Effect Of Lasalocid Or Monensin On Feedlot (Grain) Bloat In Cattle, E.E. Bartley, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Effect Of Lasalocid Or Monensin On Feedlot (Grain) Bloat In Cattle, E.E. Bartley, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Lasalocid or monensin (600 mg per 1000 lb body weight daily) was tested on cattle bloating on high grain diets. Bloat was reduced 92% by Lasalocid and 64% by monensin. When fed throughout the finishing period, lasalocid at 300 mg per 1000 lb body weight effectively prevented bloat from developing. However, 600 mg was required to control bloat in cattle that were already bloating.
Steer Gains On Burned And Nonburned Bluestem Pasture, 1978 To 1982, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby
Steer Gains On Burned And Nonburned Bluestem Pasture, 1978 To 1982, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
From 1978 to 1982, steers on a late spring burned pasture averaged 40 lbs more gain each summer than steers on a non-burned pasture.
Survey Of Kansas Cow-Calf Producers, Jack G. Riley
Survey Of Kansas Cow-Calf Producers, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Results of a 1982 survey were compared to a similar survey conducted 5 years earlier to determine if the acceptance of management practices had changed during that time period. The cow herd size was similar in both surveys but there was a 6% increase in crossbred cows and a substantial change in sire breed. The breeding season had been shortened to 110 days but was still too long. There was no apparent change in acceptance of semen testing or pregnancy check but 23% more producers were using a worming program. Fly control ear tags were not available in 1977-78 but …
Comparative Intake Of Bone Meal And Calcium Phosphate Mineral Mixtures As Phosphorus Sources For Grazing Steers And Lactating Cows, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, T. Wary, Dale L. Lanham
Comparative Intake Of Bone Meal And Calcium Phosphate Mineral Mixtures As Phosphorus Sources For Grazing Steers And Lactating Cows, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, T. Wary, Dale L. Lanham
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Steers on native grass consumed equal amounts of mixtures containing 50% trace mineralized salt and either 50% bone meal or 50% calcium phosphate. Lactating cows consumed about 60% more of the bone meal:salt mixture. This research verifies that both products are palatable supplemental phosphorus sources and that choice of product should be a function of cost per unit of phosphorus.
High-Moisture Or Dry Corn, Roughage Sources, And Protein Supplements For Short-Fed Finishing Steers, B. Young, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen
High-Moisture Or Dry Corn, Roughage Sources, And Protein Supplements For Short-Fed Finishing Steers, B. Young, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Dry corn, stave ensiled high-moisture corn (HMC), stave ensiled HMC treated with urea, and Harvestore ensiled HMC were evaluated in a steer finishing trial. Alfalfa hay and corn silage were the roughages and soybean meal or urea, the nitrogen sources. There were no differences in steer performance for corn treatments, but steer performance was significantly improved when alfalfa hay rather than corn silage was the roughage. Urea supplements significantly depressed steer performance compared with soybean meal additions; a combination of urea and soybean meal gave intermediate performance.
Effects Of Electrical Stimulation And Hot Boning On The Functional Characteristics Of Presalted Beef Muscle Used In Sausage Manufacturing, Y.I. Choi, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, Curtis L. Kastner, Michael E. Dikeman
Effects Of Electrical Stimulation And Hot Boning On The Functional Characteristics Of Presalted Beef Muscle Used In Sausage Manufacturing, Y.I. Choi, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, Curtis L. Kastner, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Presalted, hot-boned muscle has excellent emulsifying properties for sausage manufacturing. However, electrical stimulation degrades these properties. Thus, while electrical stimulation and hot boning produce acceptable steaks and roasts, the value of the trimmings used in manufactured meat products may be lowered. Presalting maintained the high pH values of the hot-boned muscle during 24 hours storage.
Effect Of Synovex-H And Ralgro Implants On Weight Gain Of Heifers Grazing Wheat Pasture, S. Laudert, R. Nelson
Effect Of Synovex-H And Ralgro Implants On Weight Gain Of Heifers Grazing Wheat Pasture, S. Laudert, R. Nelson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Heifer calves grazing winter wheat pasture and implanted with Synovex-H or Ralgro gained 18 and 14% faster (P<.01) respectively, than heifers not implanted. Weight gains were similar for both implants.
Compudose® Implant Vs A Ralgro® Plus Synovex-S® Reimplant Program For Finishing Steers, S. Laudert, J. Eder, Gerry L. Kuhl
Compudose® Implant Vs A Ralgro® Plus Synovex-S® Reimplant Program For Finishing Steers, S. Laudert, J. Eder, Gerry L. Kuhl
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Compudose implanted feedlot steers performed similarly to steers initially implanted with Ralgro and reimplanted with Synovex-S. Steers lost 2.9% of the Compudose implants.
Effect Of Reimplanting With Ralgro On Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Feedlot Heifers, D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl, S. Tonn, R. Schalles
Effect Of Reimplanting With Ralgro On Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Feedlot Heifers, D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl, S. Tonn, R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of reimplanting, and of implanting technique, on the performance of yearling heifers. Daily gains of reimplanted, single implanted and non-implanted cattle averaged 3.00, 2.93 and 2.81 lb, respectively. Implanting Ralgro at the base of the ear produced a slight and not statically significant increase in again over the "old" site 1 to 2 in. from the base of the ear. Feed efficiency of the single implant heifers was 5.5% better than controls, with an additional 1.9% improvement due to reimplanting. Carcass characteristics were not materially influenced by implant treatment.
Effect Of Aureomycin®, Injectable Tramisol® And Ectrin® Fly Control Ear Tags On Grazing Steer Performance, L. Corah, S. O'Neill, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Effect Of Aureomycin®, Injectable Tramisol® And Ectrin® Fly Control Ear Tags On Grazing Steer Performance, L. Corah, S. O'Neill, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Steers consuming a free choice mineral mix containing Aureomycin (437 mg per hd per day) gained 15.3% faster than controls during a 129 day grazing trial on brome grass pasture. There was considerable variation in daily mineral intake and daily Aureomycin consumption among the 12 pasture replicates. Worming the locally produced steers with Tramisol resulted in a small but non-significant improvement in gain. Two Ectrin fly control ear tags per steer (three pastures within each mineral treatment for the final 61 days of the trial) resulted in a 0.25 lb daily gain increase. Average horn fly counts for tagged steers …
Elpwa And Molasses Additives For High Moisture Sorghum Grain, J. Heidker, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen, Keith C. Behnke
Elpwa And Molasses Additives For High Moisture Sorghum Grain, J. Heidker, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen, Keith C. Behnke
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
ELPWA (a lactobacillus inoculant with antioxidant), molasses, or both combined were evaluated as additives to high moisture sorghum grain ensiled in concrete stave silos. ELPWA treated grain had the greatest temperature increase during ensiling. Final lactobacillus counts were higher in the ELPWA + molasses treated grain, however, the initial rate of increase was greatest in ELPWA or molasses treated grains. Control and molasses treated grains had the fastest decline in pH and the lowest final pH. Aerobic stability of the ensiled grain depended on the strata of the silo sampled and the temperature to which the grain was exposed but …
Lighting Effects On Beef Carcass Grade Factors, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, H.R. Cross, Michael E. Dikeman
Lighting Effects On Beef Carcass Grade Factors, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, H.R. Cross, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Beef carcass quality factors were evaluated under 25 different lighting systems (five lighting types each at five light intensities). Cool White fluorescent caused the darkest and most mature lean score, but marbling quantity score was not affected by lighting type or intensity. Lean was scored progressively brighter and more youth with increasing lighting intensity.
Heat Synchronization With Alfaprostol, L.E. Keay, G. Kiracofe, Kenneth G. Odde, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Heat Synchronization With Alfaprostol, L.E. Keay, G. Kiracofe, Kenneth G. Odde, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One-hundred eighteen heifers were used to determine the effectiveness of Alfaprostol as a heat synchronization agent. Seventy-nine were injected twice (12 days apart) with 6 mg Alfaprostol per head and 39 were not treated. Twelve to 96 hours after the second injection 88.6% of the treated heifers were in standing heat and 81.4% of those in heat conceived at the first insemination. Eighty-one percent of the 37 untreated heifers in heat the first 21 days conceived at the first insemination. Ninety-one percent of the treated heifers and 89.2% of the untreated heifers conceived within a 50-day breeding period, so Alfaprostol …
Efficacy Of Lutalyse® As An Abortifacient In Feedlot Heifers, D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl, S. Tonn, R. Schalles
Efficacy Of Lutalyse® As An Abortifacient In Feedlot Heifers, D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl, S. Tonn, R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Lutalyse aborted 86.7% of heifers 40 to 100 days pregnant. Of four heifers tested at 101 to 150 days pregnant, all aborted. Open heifers gained faster (P<.05) than heifers that either were aborted or pregnant at slaughter. Those pregnant at slaughter had lower (P<.05) dressing percentages than either open or aborted heifers.
Ascorbic Acid And Ground Beef Display Life, S.D. Shivas, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, J.L.A. Kendell, A.D. Dayton, Curtis L. Kastner
Ascorbic Acid And Ground Beef Display Life, S.D. Shivas, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, J.L.A. Kendell, A.D. Dayton, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Adding .05 and .10% ascorbic acid to ground beef resulted in brighter color and longer display life, more intense taste panel beef flavor and less rancidity. Those advantages should encourage centralized retail cutting and packaging by reducing spoilage and loss. Ground beef with 25% fat had brighter color scores and lower microbial counts but was more off-flavor than 20% fat ground beef.
Management Options For Pregnant Feedlot Heifers, M. Simon, L.E. Keay, G. Kiracofe, Jack G. Riley
Management Options For Pregnant Feedlot Heifers, M. Simon, L.E. Keay, G. Kiracofe, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Heifers that were 167 days pregnant when slaughtered gained faster and more efficiently than open heifers, or heifers that had been aborted with a prostaglandin analog at 83 or 138 days, unless the slaughter weight was adjusted for the 1.7% lower carcass yield (dressing %). When the slaughter weights for all these management options were adjusted using the carcass yield of open heifers, there was no difference in gain except for the depressed performance associated with late abortions. However, open heifers were 6.7% more efficient than heifers pregnant when slaughtered. Heifers aborted at 138 days had substantially reduced gains and …