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Kansas Bull Test 15-Year Summary, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner, W. Olson
Kansas Bull Test 15-Year Summary, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner, W. Olson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Bulls placed in Kansas Bull Tests have increased in weight, gain, frame, and scrotal circumference, while decreasing in fat thickness over the past 15 years. Bull buyers have been willing to pay for increased performance, with changes in bull prices generally reflecting changes in the other cattle prices.
Effect Of Various Dosages Of Ralgro® In The Suckling Period On Weight Gain During The Growing Period, D.D. Simms, G. Boyd, James J. Higgins
Effect Of Various Dosages Of Ralgro® In The Suckling Period On Weight Gain During The Growing Period, D.D. Simms, G. Boyd, James J. Higgins
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We studied how implanting with various dosages of Ralgro® during the suckling period affected gains in the growing period. Preweaning performance was reported in the 1985 Cattlemen's Day Report. All calves, regardless of suckling period treatment, received 36 mg Ralgro® at the start of the growing period. Average daily gains during the growing period were similar for all treatments. Consequently, the added weight obtained from the suckling-period implants was still present at the end of the growing period.
Effects Of Preweaning And Post Weaning Implants On Suckling, Growing, And Finishing Steer Performance, D.D. Simms, R.W. Lee, S.B. Laudert, James J. Higgins
Effects Of Preweaning And Post Weaning Implants On Suckling, Growing, And Finishing Steer Performance, D.D. Simms, R.W. Lee, S.B. Laudert, James J. Higgins
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred and ninety-five crossbred steers were used to compare lifetime implant strategies and study the effects of implanting during the suckling period on performance in the growing and finishing periods. There were no differences in growing period gains when both groups were implanted in the suckling period and the growing period. However, steers implanted in the suckling period but not implanted in the growing period had significantly lower gains than all other treatments including controls. Steers implanted only in the growing period had better feed efficiency in the growing period than both controls and steers implanted only in the …
Effects Of Mga And Pgf On Estrus Induction And Synchronization In Cows And Heifers, G.W. Boyd, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, J.R. Brethour
Effects Of Mga And Pgf On Estrus Induction And Synchronization In Cows And Heifers, G.W. Boyd, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, J.R. Brethour
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three trials were conducted in the spring of 1985 to evaluate the effectiveness of MGA feeding and Prostaglandin (PGF) injection on estrus induction and synchronization. Trials 1 and 2 were both done on a Kansas ranch and involved 70 heifers and 86 cows, respectively. In both trials, all cycling and non-cycling females were fed MGA (7 days in trial 1, 9 days in trial 2) and half of the cows and heifers received a PGF injection. The estrus response was higher (P<.0l) for the cycling heifers with the combination treatment. Both treatments resulted in similar first service conception rates and both were effective in inducing estrus in noncycling heifers. Only a small percentage of the cows in trial 2 were cycling prior to the treatments and only a small percentage of the non-cycling cows responded to the MGA. In trial 3, half of the cycling heifers were fed MGA for 7 days and PGF was injected on day 7. Response to synchronization peaked 96 to 120 hr following MGA withdrawal. Among F1 Angus X Hereford heifers, the MGA-PGF treatment reduced (P<.0l) first service conception rates as compared to controls (55 vs 80%), although a reduction was not seen with F Brahman X Hereford heifers. Conversely, 45-day pregnancy rates tended to be higher among both groups of synchronized heifers (P>.05). The MGA treatment also initiated cyclicity in prepuberal females of both crosses.
Adding Fat And/Or Sodium Bicarbonate To Steer Finishing Rations That Contain Wheat, J.R. Brethour, B. Lee, Jack G. Riley
Adding Fat And/Or Sodium Bicarbonate To Steer Finishing Rations That Contain Wheat, J.R. Brethour, B. Lee, Jack G. Riley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Adding .6 pound fat or .22 pound sodium bicarbonate (soda) to finishing rations containing rolled wheat significantly improved performance and appeared to increase the substitution value of wheat. Both fat and soda increased feed intake. The improved gains from adding fat corresponded to increased energy intake. However, soda seemed to enhance nutrient utilization. There was more response to fat when we fed 100 percent vs. 50 percent wheat, but feeding 100 percent wheat depressed performance, with or without fat, to unsatisfactory levels.
Effect Of Moisture And Bale Type On Alfalfa Hay Quality And Digestibility, A. Laytimi, C. Grimes, K. Bolsen
Effect Of Moisture And Bale Type On Alfalfa Hay Quality And Digestibility, A. Laytimi, C. Grimes, K. Bolsen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Third cutting alfalfa was baled in large rectangular bales (1,400 to 1,800 lb) and in small conventional bales (70 to 90 lb) at three moisture levels: low 00%), medium (16%), and high (22%). During 120 days of storage under a roof, the high moisture, large bales heated the most, reaching 1280 F by 2 days post-baling in a first peak and 133 ÌŠF in a second peak by the 11th day. Moderate heating occurred in the high moisture, small bales (l08° F) and medium moisture, large bales (103 ÌŠF). Only the high moisture bales, either small or large, had significant …
Effect Of Moisture, Bale Type, And A Preservative On Alfalfa Hay Quality And Feeding Value, A. Laytimi, J. Arledge, C. Grimes, K. Bolsen
Effect Of Moisture, Bale Type, And A Preservative On Alfalfa Hay Quality And Feeding Value, A. Laytimi, J. Arledge, C. Grimes, K. Bolsen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In the first of two alfalfa hay experiments, lambs fed small bale hays averaged 16% better gains and feed conversions than those fed large bale hays; Fresh Cut®-treated hay gave 9% better performance than untreated hays; and medium-moisture hays produced 12% faster and more efficient gains than low-moisture hays. In the second experiment, hay baled above 30% moisture had excessive heating, more discoloration and mold growth, higher storage losses, and lower dry matter and protein digestibilities compared with 15% moisture hay.
Survey Of Northwest Kansas Cow-Calf Producers, D.D. Simms, G. Boyd, L.R. Corah
Survey Of Northwest Kansas Cow-Calf Producers, D.D. Simms, G. Boyd, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
An in-depth survey of reproductive performance and management practice was conducted on 160 cow/calf operations in Northwest Kansas.
Effect Of Single Ralgro® Implant During The Suckling Period On Reproductive Performance Of Replacement Heifers, T.B. Goehring, L.R. Corah, D.D. Simms
Effect Of Single Ralgro® Implant During The Suckling Period On Reproductive Performance Of Replacement Heifers, T.B. Goehring, L.R. Corah, D.D. Simms
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred and seven spring-born, crossbred heifers were used to determine the effect of a single Ralgro® implant on their reproductive performance. Three implant treatments were used: 1) Non-implanted controls, 2)36 mg Ralgro® at birth, or 3) 36 mg Ralgro® at 2 to 3 months of age. Heifers implanted at birth had significantly lower first service conception rates and overall pregnancy rules than non-implanted controls or those implanted at 2 to 3 months of age. Pelvic areas of yearling were increased by implanting at birth or 2 to 3 months of age. Age at puberty and the percentage of heifers …
Beef Cattle Systems Analysis, R.R. Schalles
Beef Cattle Systems Analysis, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
For cattle producers to stay in business, they must apply the business management techniques used by sophisticated non-agricultural enterprises. Among these techniques is systems analysis, in which formulas representing interrelationships between various inputs are built into a computer program. The program simulates expected results, based on available information.
Bacteriological And Histopathological Investigations Of Liver Abscesses, K.F. Lechtenberg, H.W. Leipold, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Bacteriological And Histopathological Investigations Of Liver Abscesses, K.F. Lechtenberg, H.W. Leipold, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Fusobacterium necrophorum was the predominant bacterial isolate from 49 liver abscesses. Biotype A tended to occur in pure infections and produced a more severe tissue reaction than biotype B, which tended to occur as a mixed infection.
Comparative Nutritional Composition Of Selected Grain Sorghum Varieties, G. Goldy, T. Walters, Andrew William Lenssen, Jack G. Riley, Gerry L. Posler
Comparative Nutritional Composition Of Selected Grain Sorghum Varieties, G. Goldy, T. Walters, Andrew William Lenssen, Jack G. Riley, Gerry L. Posler
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
For the 188 grain sorghum varieties studied, in vitro digestibilites were statistically similar, but there was a significant difference between the 12 production locations. Crude protein, calcium, and phosphorus levels indicated slight varietal differences; however, strong locational effects were evident.
How Stems Of Sorghum Silage Are Digested, L.H. Harbers, R.A. Schweitzer
How Stems Of Sorghum Silage Are Digested, L.H. Harbers, R.A. Schweitzer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Upper and lower portions of stem from three sorghum cultivars were ensiled and then subjected to rumen fermentation. The lower stems were readily digested, whereas the upper sections were poorly utilized. Several microscopic techniques were used to help explain the difference.
Effect Of Rotational Grazing By Yearlings On Early-Intensive, Double-Stocked, Native Grass, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl
Effect Of Rotational Grazing By Yearlings On Early-Intensive, Double-Stocked, Native Grass, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Continuous, early-intensive (double-stocked) grazing vs. early-intensive grazing using a two-pasture, 16 to 18-day rotation were compared in three experiments. No significant differences were found (P>.15) in daily gains of stockers or forage remaining after the 2 ½ month grazing season
A Comparison Of Selected Breed Crosses On Growth Rate During Long-Term Grazing, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
A Comparison Of Selected Breed Crosses On Growth Rate During Long-Term Grazing, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Brahman crossbred and Simmental crossbred calves gained similarly during a 312-day, native range grazing study. Longhorn crossbreds gained less than the Brahman or Simmental crosses but more than the British crossbreds, which served as controls. Most of the gain advantage was obtained during the summer portion (April 30-September 20) of the project.
Evaluation Of Rumensin® In Late Season, Salt-Limited, Protein Supplements Fed To Grazing Steers And Heifers, L.R. Corah, F.K. Brazle
Evaluation Of Rumensin® In Late Season, Salt-Limited, Protein Supplements Fed To Grazing Steers And Heifers, L.R. Corah, F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Even though an average daily Rumensin® consumption of over 100 mg per was achieved in all three trials, it did not significantly improve daily gains of steers or heifers grazing late-season native range. Late-season protein supplementation improved average daily gain by over .2 lb per head.
Evaluation Of An Experimental Silage Inoculant In Laboratory And Farm Silos Using Alfalfa And Forage Sorghum, K. Bolsen, R. Smith, H. Ilg, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Evaluation Of An Experimental Silage Inoculant In Laboratory And Farm Silos Using Alfalfa And Forage Sorghum, K. Bolsen, R. Smith, H. Ilg, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
An experimental microbial inoculant dramatically increased the speed of pH drop and rate and amount of lactic acid production in alfalfa at both 60 and 90 F storage temperatures. In two trials with forage sorghums, the inoculant did not affect the silage fermentation at 60 F but it did produce small improvements in silages at 90 F. In general, sorghum silages at 60 F fermented slower and had high pH values, lower lactic acid, and higher acetic acid contents than silages at 90 F. The response to the additive in a farm silo trial was not consistent for the criteria …
Effects Of Castration, Dehorning, Frame Size, And Gut Fill On The Long-Term Performance Of Feeder Calves, F.K. Brazle, R.R. Schalles
Effects Of Castration, Dehorning, Frame Size, And Gut Fill On The Long-Term Performance Of Feeder Calves, F.K. Brazle, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In two experiments, calves purchased as steers gained substantially faster than calves purchased as bulls and then castrated, during both the starting period and the subsequent growing period. Large-framed calves gained .22 lb per day faster, and small-framed calves .21 lb per day slower, than medium-framed calves. Cattle appearing gaunt at the start of the trial gained 1.33 lb per day less than those with average gut fill.
Comparison Of 36 Mg And 72 Mg Ralgro® For Suckling Steer Calves, D.D. Simms
Comparison Of 36 Mg And 72 Mg Ralgro® For Suckling Steer Calves, D.D. Simms
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In a study in which 525 Simmental-cross steer calves were assigned to five implant treatments in four trials, 72 mg Ralgro® implants failed to increase performance significantly over' conventional 36 mg implants.
The Feeding Value Of Wheat And High Moisture Sorghum Grain Fed Singly And In Combination To Finishing Steers, D. Axe, K. Bolsen, R. Lee, George M. Herron
The Feeding Value Of Wheat And High Moisture Sorghum Grain Fed Singly And In Combination To Finishing Steers, D. Axe, K. Bolsen, R. Lee, George M. Herron
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Wheat and high moisture sorghum grain were fed singly and in two combinations in a 121-day feedlot trial at the Garden City Branch Experiment Station. Feed efficiency improved with increasing proportions of wheat in the ration. However, rates of gain were similar for the three wheat-containing rations. Results showed that at least 33% sorghum grain can be substituted for wheat in finishing rations with little influence on performance. The combination rations produced rates of gain that were above predicted values, indicating positive associative effects.
Additive-Treated Corn Silage For Growing Cattle, K. Bolsen, R. Smith, H. Ilg, D. Axe
Additive-Treated Corn Silage For Growing Cattle, K. Bolsen, R. Smith, H. Ilg, D. Axe
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The response of corn silage to the additive, Silo-Best Soluble®, was not consistent for the farm silo criteria measured. Ensiling temperatures and chemical compositions were similar for control and treated silages, except for ethanol, which was lower in the treated silage. Dry matter recovery favored the treated silage in both the top and bottom halves of the silos and in buried bags. Although daily gains were similar for calves fed control and treated silages, feed conversion was slightly better for those fed control silage.
The Manhattan Weather In 1984 And 1985, L.D. Bark
The Manhattan Weather In 1984 And 1985, L.D. Bark
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The charts that follow show graphically the daily weather in Manhattan during the last 2 years. Each chart has three smooth curves to represent the average weather conditions at Manhattan based on 70 years of records from the Experiment Station files. The two smooth curves near the top of the charts show the average maximum and minimum temperatures that occur throughout the year. They reach a low point in mid-,January and climb to a peak in mid-July. The smooth curve in the lower part of the chart indicates the average accumulative precipitation during the year. Starting at zero on January …
Effects Of Compudose® Implants From Birth To Slaughter On Carcass And Meat Traits Of Young Bulls And Steers, T.D. Hopkins, Michael E. Dikeman
Effects Of Compudose® Implants From Birth To Slaughter On Carcass And Meat Traits Of Young Bulls And Steers, T.D. Hopkins, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Implanting young bulls with Compudose® three times from birth to slaughter resulted in performance similar to that of nonimplanted bulls, but decreased masculinity development. Implanted bulls tended to have higher marbling scores, more tender meat, more youthful carcasses, and lighter lean color than nonimplanted bulls. Although both implanted and nonimplanted bulls were more efficient and gained faster in the feedlot than implanted steers, the steers showed very little carcass masculinity and had finer-textured lean. Implanted steers had more youthful carcasses and lower Warner-Bratzler shear values than nonimplanted bulls. However, nonimplanted bulls grew faster, were more efficient, had larger ribeyes and …
Effects Of Monensin And Sodium Propionate On Net Nutrient Absorption In Steers Fed High-Grain Diets, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery
Effects Of Monensin And Sodium Propionate On Net Nutrient Absorption In Steers Fed High-Grain Diets, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Adding either monensin or sodium propionate alone or in combination to the diet of steers fed high-grain diets resulted in increased net absorption of glucose. Monensin reduced ammonia output and gut uptake of urea. We propose that increased propionate availability reduces the utilization of glucose by gut tissues. allowing more glucose to reach the portal system. These changes may contribute to the increased feed efficiency seen when monensin is fed.
Aborting Feedlot Heifers With Alfavet® Or Bovilene®, S. Laudert, G. Boyd, Gerry L. Kuhl
Aborting Feedlot Heifers With Alfavet® Or Bovilene®, S. Laudert, G. Boyd, Gerry L. Kuhl
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Alfavet® (alfaprostol), an experimental prostaglandin analog for inducing abortion in feedlot heifers, was evaluated for efficacy. Abortion was induced within 8 days following injection of 5 mg alfaprostol in 45 of 51 heifers (88.2%) ranging from 40 to 150 days in gestation. Bovilene® (fenprostalene), injected at 1 mg per head resulted in abortion in 45 of 49 heifers (91.8%) of similar pregnancy status. Both products were 95-100% effective from 40 to 120 days of pregnancy, but only 75% effective from 121 to 150 days.
Methods Of Tenderization For Value-Added, Hot-Boned, Restructured, Pre-Cooked Roasts From Cows, H.A. Flores, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, Curtis L. Kastner
Methods Of Tenderization For Value-Added, Hot-Boned, Restructured, Pre-Cooked Roasts From Cows, H.A. Flores, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Restructured, pre-cooked roasts were prepared from four hot-boned USDA Utility grade cow carcasses. Before forming the roasts, meat was either blade tenderized, manually trimmed of large connective tissue deposits, or both blade tenderized and trimmed. Control roasts received neither treatment. Although trimming minimized the negative effects of connective tissue, blade tenderization was frequently as effective, and sometimes superior, and minimized the high labor costs and shrink losses associated with manual trimming.
Heterosis In Simmental Angus Rotational-Cross Calves, L.A. Kriese, R.R. Schalles, Lyle W. Lomas
Heterosis In Simmental Angus Rotational-Cross Calves, L.A. Kriese, R.R. Schalles, Lyle W. Lomas
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Heterosis estimates were determined for gestation length, birth weight, and yearling weight using a two-breed rotational crossbreeding system with Angus and Simmental cattle. Heterosis for gestation length was -.3%; birth weight, 8.31%; weaning weight 5.05%, and yearling weight, 5.39%. Angus-sired calves from Simmental darns were significantly heavier at weaning and as yearlings than the reciprocal cross.
Effect Of Decoquinate On Gain And Health Of Newly-Arrived Stocker Cattle, F. Brazle
Effect Of Decoquinate On Gain And Health Of Newly-Arrived Stocker Cattle, F. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Decoquinate (Deccox®), when added to the diet of newly-arrived calves, reduced (P<.05) the number of treatments required per animal in three experiments involving 551 cattle. Feed conversion was improved in two of the three experiments and average daily gain was increased (P<.05) in one experiment when Deccox® was fed. Steer calves gained faster (P<.001) and required fewer (P<.01) treatments per head than bulls calves castrated on arrival. Black, medium-framed calves required fewer (P<.05) treatments than other breed types.
Reproductive Performance Of Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Heifers Fed To Prebeeding Target Weights, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, D.D. Simms, J.R. Brethour, W.R. Negus
Reproductive Performance Of Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Heifers Fed To Prebeeding Target Weights, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, D.D. Simms, J.R. Brethour, W.R. Negus
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Heifer development as effected by nutrition was evaluated in 148 F Angus x Hereford (A x H) and 148 F Brahman x Hereford (B x H) heifers. Heifers within each breed cross were assigned to one of two energy levels and weight groups. Heifers on the low and high energy-level diets were fed to reach 55 or 65%, respectively, of their projected mature body weights by the start of spring breeding. A higher (P<.05) percentage of A x H heifers had reached puberty by the start of spring breeding; however, their average age at puberty was greater (P<.05) than that of B x H heifers. Weight at puberty, for heifers that cycled prior to the start of spring breeding, did not differ between breed groups. Weight of heifers at puberty was greater with the high-energy than with the low-energy diets. Prebreeding body condition scores of heifers on the two energy levels differed (P<.05) more among the A x H females. The A x H heifers had higher (P<.05) fall pregnancy rates than the B x H heifers (89.2 vs 71.9%). Energy level has no significant effect on fall pregnancy rate of A x H heifers, but B x H heifers on the high-energy level had a higher (P<.05) pregnancy rate than those on the low-energy diet.
Weight Changes And Estrous Cycles After Abortion In Beef Heifers, J.M. Wright, G.H. Kiracofe
Weight Changes And Estrous Cycles After Abortion In Beef Heifers, J.M. Wright, G.H. Kiracofe
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ninety-one pregnant, crossbred Angus heifers aborted after receiving an injection of a prostaglandin analog at an average of 50, 75, 100, or 122 days of gestation. Weight change in the first 3 weeks after abortion and subsequent estrous cycles were observed. No detrimental effects were noted in those heifers aborting at 50 or 75 days of gestation, and growth rate was not altered. Those heifers aborting at 100 days of gestation exhibited a decreased growth rate; those aborted at 122 days lost weight. There was more udder development, vaginal discharge, and retained membranes in heifers aborted later in gestation. Typically, …