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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Small-Scale Settlement Patterns Of The Oyster Crassostrea Virginica On A Constructed Intertidal Reef, Ik Bartol, Roger L. Mann
Small-Scale Settlement Patterns Of The Oyster Crassostrea Virginica On A Constructed Intertidal Reef, Ik Bartol, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
The construction of three-dimensional, intertidal reefs resembling those widely present during colonial times in the Chesapeake Bay, but now absent due to years of overharvesting, may provide a more ecologically advantageous environment for oyster settlement and subsequent survival than present subtidal, two-dimensional habitats. We examined settlement processes on a constructed, 210 x 30 m intertidal reef composed of oyster shell. The reef was destructively and non-destructively sampled weekly throughout the summer and fall at tidal heights ranging from 30 cm above to 90 cm below mean low water (MLW) and at two substrate levels (reef surface and 10 cm below …
The Postlarval Phase Of Bivalve Mollusks: A Review Of Functional Ecology And New Records Of Postlarval Drifting Of Chesapeake Bay Bivalves, P Baker, Roger L. Mann
The Postlarval Phase Of Bivalve Mollusks: A Review Of Functional Ecology And New Records Of Postlarval Drifting Of Chesapeake Bay Bivalves, P Baker, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
Many bivalve mollusks have one or more separate post-metamorphic stages which are functionally distinct from the late juvenile or the adult. The benthic plantigrade and the planktonic postlarva are defined and reviewed here. The plantigrade is a developmentally obligatory stage in mast bivalves. Various anatomical or conchological features, depending on taxa, are intermediate between the veliger and the juvenile. The plantigrade is benthic but highly mobile, via the foot and byssus, relative to the adult, although in some highly mobile bivalves, the plantigrade is functionally similar to the adult. The plantigrade may enter the water column briefly, but not nearly …
Yield-Per-Recruit Analysis And Management Strategies For Atlantic Croaker, Micropogonias Undulatus, In The Middle Atlantic Bight, Luiz R. Barbieri, Mark E. Chittenden, Cynthia M. Jones
Yield-Per-Recruit Analysis And Management Strategies For Atlantic Croaker, Micropogonias Undulatus, In The Middle Atlantic Bight, Luiz R. Barbieri, Mark E. Chittenden, Cynthia M. Jones
VIMS Articles
The effect of different fishing mortality (F) and natural mortality (M), and age at first capture (t(c)) on yield-per-recruit of Atlantic croaker, Micropogonias undulatus, in the lower Chesapeake Bay and North Carolina were evaluated with the Beverton-Holt model. Independent of the level of M (0.20-0.35) or F (0.01-2.0) used in simulations, yield-per-recruit values for Chesapeake Bay were consistently higher at t(c) = 1 and decreased continuously with increases in t(c) (2-5). Although maximum yield per-recruit always occurred at the maximum level off (F=2.0), marginal increases in yield beyond F = 0.50-0.75 were negligible. Current F (F-CUR) is estimated to be …
Predator And Shelter-Size Effects On Coral Reef Fish And Spiny Lobster Prey, Db Eggleston, Rom Lipcius, Jj Grover
Predator And Shelter-Size Effects On Coral Reef Fish And Spiny Lobster Prey, Db Eggleston, Rom Lipcius, Jj Grover
VIMS Articles
Population dynamics of coral reef fishes and spiny lobster appear to be determined by variable recruitment interacting with post-settlement processes, particularly predation. The risk of predation may be modified by the scaling between prey and shelter size, which enhances the protective capacity of a reef. We experimentally tested these predictions by manipulating densities of predatory Nassau grouper Epinephelus striatus on 8 artificial patch reefs of 2 sizes (small, large) in a large seagrass bed near Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas. We initially censused patch reefs for 7 mo, after which we randomly selected equivalent numbers of small and large reefs to …
Cannibalism, Refugia And The Molting Blue Crab, Ch Ryer, J Vanmontfrans, Ke Moody
Cannibalism, Refugia And The Molting Blue Crab, Ch Ryer, J Vanmontfrans, Ke Moody
VIMS Articles
In this study, we examined how habitat and tidal stage influence predation upon molting blue crabs Callinectes sapidus. On 3 separate occasions we monitored the survival of tethered soft crabs in each of 2 different-sized marsh creeks and 2 seagrass sites, during both low and high tides. On one of these occasions, we also tethered hard crabs. Survival was much lower for soft crabs than for hard crabs, indicating that crabs may be particularly vulnerable when they molt. In both seagrass and marsh creeks, there was a tidal influence upon soft crab survival, with greater survival during low tides. There …
Larvae Of Gillellus Jacksoni, G-Uranidea (Dactyloscopidae), Stathmonotus Stahli Tekla, And S-Hemphilli (Chaenopsidae), With Comments On The Use Of Early Life History Characters For Elucidating Relationships Within The Blennioidei, Mr Cavalluzzi
VIMS Articles
Larvae of the families Dactyloscopidae (Gillellus jacksoni, G. uranidea) and Chaenopsidae (Stathmonotus stahli tekla, S. hemphilli) are described from specimens collected in Ambergris Gay, Belize. Larvae are characterized by precocious development of fins and sensory canals, and little pigmentation overall, with the majority of pigmentation occurring ventrally. Pigment distributions in larvae are summarized for the six blennioid families. There are no unifying pigment characters among blennioid larvae. Larvae possess the six shared specialized characters or character complexes (as described in adults) currently used to hypothesize the monophyly of the Blennioidei, and thus, provide no new phylogenetic information.
Introduction To The Proceedings Of The Symposium Fish Larvae And Systematics: Ontogeny And Relationships, Jm Leis, Je Olney, M Okiyama
Introduction To The Proceedings Of The Symposium Fish Larvae And Systematics: Ontogeny And Relationships, Jm Leis, Je Olney, M Okiyama
VIMS Articles
The International Larval Fish Conference was held in Sydney, Australia (26- 30 June 1995) as part of the 19th Annual Meeting of the Early Life History Section of the American Fisheries Society. At the conference, we convened a symposium ("Fish Larvae and Systematics: Ontogeny and Relationships") that was intended to stimulate the application of ontogenetic data to solve problems in fish systematics. The brief we gave the contributors to the symposium was this: "The theme of this symposium will be the use of information gained from egg and larval ontogeny in solving problems in systematics and phylogeny. Thus, we are …
Potential For Population Regulation Of The Zebra Mussel By Finfish And The Blue Crab In North American Estuaries, Larry C. Boles, Rom Lipcius
Potential For Population Regulation Of The Zebra Mussel By Finfish And The Blue Crab In North American Estuaries, Larry C. Boles, Rom Lipcius
VIMS Articles
We conducted a series of descriptive and manipulative experiments aimed at quantifying the abundance, natural mortality, and effectiveness of predators in controlling the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, in the Hudson River Estuary. First, we measured distribution, abundance, and mortality rates of a zebra mussel population in the middle portion of the Hudson River Estuary, NY. Rocks were collected along a depth gradient in the field and sampled for the density and size structure of the resident mussels over the growth season. Next, we either allowed access (controls) or denied access (predator exclusion) to predators in field experiments with rocks harboring …
Genetic Divergence And Loss Of Diversity In Two Cultured Populations Of The Bay Scallop, Argopecten Irradians (Lamarck, 1819), Sandra G. Blake, Norman J. Blake, Michael Oesterling, John Graves
Genetic Divergence And Loss Of Diversity In Two Cultured Populations Of The Bay Scallop, Argopecten Irradians (Lamarck, 1819), Sandra G. Blake, Norman J. Blake, Michael Oesterling, John Graves
VIMS Articles
Researchers at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) have been maintaining a small-scale bay scallop (Argopecten irradians) culturing operation since the late 1960s. The cultured Line was originally established with broodstock collected from the coasts of Virginia and North Carolina, but it has since been augmented with a ''grab bag'' of introductions from other source populations. A large bay scallop-culturing operation was reportedly founded in China in the early 1980s, with 26 individuals provided by the VIMS researchers. The degree of genetic divergence between these two populations since the founding of the Chinese operation is unknown, as are the …