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Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Potential Influence Of Blueberry And Black Raspberry Pomace Phenolics On Inflammatory Cytokines In Coronary Cells, Adriana Soto Rodriguez Gil
Potential Influence Of Blueberry And Black Raspberry Pomace Phenolics On Inflammatory Cytokines In Coronary Cells, Adriana Soto Rodriguez Gil
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Elevated free fatty acids (FFAs) in obesity are known risk factors associated with chronic inflammatory conditions including cardiovascular inflammation and thus cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death in the US. Anthocyanins from berries have the potential to provide protection against inflammation in various tissues; however they are poorly absorbed and undergo major transformations by the microbiome. The work presented in this dissertation involves the development and utilization of an in vitro model to characterize the products of colonic fermentation and absorption of blueberry and black raspberry pomace phenolics, and evaluate the potential efficacy of these products compared to …
Environmental Kuznets Curve In Water Pollution: A Semiparametric Approach, Mahesh Pandit
Environmental Kuznets Curve In Water Pollution: A Semiparametric Approach, Mahesh Pandit
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The relationship between pollution and per capita income generally appears as an inverted U-shaped curve. This inverted U-shaped curve is known as the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). The shape of the curve, however, is very sensitive to the data, location and pollutant considered in the analysis. Since the early 1990s, there has been an exponential growth in the number of empirical studies in this field, but many refute the inverted U-shaped nature of the curve for pollutants across different time periods and geographical regions. This has generated an increased interest in developing a more flexible functional form for model specification …
Influence Of Various Health Beneficial Spices On Some Characteristics Of Yogurt Culture Bacteria Lactobacillus Acidophilus, And Sensor Acceptability Of Spicy Probiotic Yogurt, Margie Michelle Sanchez-Vega
Influence Of Various Health Beneficial Spices On Some Characteristics Of Yogurt Culture Bacteria Lactobacillus Acidophilus, And Sensor Acceptability Of Spicy Probiotic Yogurt, Margie Michelle Sanchez-Vega
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
There is a pronounced public awareness about herbal remedies. Garlic and ginger have antibacterial properties and prevent cardiovascular diseases. Onion and turmeric decrease the risk of diabetes and like garlic, they have anticancer properties. Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Lactobacillus acidophilus are lactic acid bacteria that produce lactase and reduce the symptoms of malabsorption. Earlier work has shown the influence of spice extracts but the influence of pure spice juice on yogurt culture bacteria is not known. Characteristics of yogurt culture bacteria were measured by suspending freshly thawed cultures in 0.1% peptone water (growth), acidified MRS broth (acid tolerance), MRS-Thio …
Factors Influencing Glycogen Branching Enzyme Activity In Mouse Liver, Scott Fuller
Factors Influencing Glycogen Branching Enzyme Activity In Mouse Liver, Scott Fuller
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Glycogen is the storage polysaccharide in a spectrum of organisms ranging from yeast to humans. Glycogen has a highly branched structure somewhat resembling a tree or shrub, with the branch points formed by glucose molecules being joined by α 1,6-glycosidic linkages. These linkages are formed by the action of branching enzyme. Branching of glycogen is critical to health, with a lack of branching causing glycogen storage disease type IV, which is fatal in humans by age 2. While glycogen branching enzyme has been studied in clinical medicine, modulation of the enzyme has received comparatively little attention. This dissertation undertook three …
A Genetic Study On The Virulence Mechanism Of Burkholderia Glumae And, Rice Resistance To Bacterial Panicle Blight And Sheath Blight, Hari Sharan Karki
A Genetic Study On The Virulence Mechanism Of Burkholderia Glumae And, Rice Resistance To Bacterial Panicle Blight And Sheath Blight, Hari Sharan Karki
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Burkholderia glumae is a rice pathogenic bacterium that causes bacterial panicle blight. Some strains of this pathogen produce dark brown pigments when grown on the casamino-acid peptone glucose (CPG) agar medium. A pigment-positive and highly virulent strain of B. glumae, 411gr-6, was randomly mutagenized with mini-Tn5gus, and the resulting mini-Tn5gus derivatives showing altered pigmentation phenotypes were screened on CPG agar plates to identify the genetic elements governing the pigmentation of B. glumae. In this study, several positive and negative regulators, for the pigmentation of B. glumae were identified. During this study, a novel two-component regulatory system (TCRS) composed of the …
The Effects Of U.S. Shrimp Imports On The Gulf Of Mexico Dockside Price : A Source Differentiated Mixed Demand Model, Maryam Tabarestani
The Effects Of U.S. Shrimp Imports On The Gulf Of Mexico Dockside Price : A Source Differentiated Mixed Demand Model, Maryam Tabarestani
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The ever increasing demand for the shrimp products in the 1980s and 1990s caused the volume of shrimp imports to increase. The import of shrimp has had an upward trend, from 847 million pounds in 1997 to 1,636 million pounds in 2010.The imports price has declined since 1997. Along with the decrease in imports price, the U.S. domestic shrimp price has also declined. However, the annual production of shrimp from the Gulf of Mexico has, in the long-run, remained relatively stable. These facts indicate that there is not the same quantity-price relation between the U.S. domestic shrimp market and shrimp …
Development Of Integrated Pest Management For Sugarcane Borer, Diatraea Saccharalis In Rice, Jaspreet Kaur Sidhu
Development Of Integrated Pest Management For Sugarcane Borer, Diatraea Saccharalis In Rice, Jaspreet Kaur Sidhu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Rice is grown over an area of approximately 500,000 acres in Louisiana. The lepidopteran stem borer complex attacking rice in the southern U.S includes stalk borer Chilo plejadellus Zincken, sugarcane borer (SCB) Diatraea saccharalis (F.) and Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini Dyar. With the increasing impact of stem borers in Louisiana, an urgent need exists to develop strategies for management. Currently, no IPM program is in place for stem borers in Louisiana rice and research has been initiated to develop an IPM program for these pests. The first objective of this research was focused on host plant resistance. For this …
Concentration And Detection Of Hepatitis A Virus And Its Indicator From Seawater, Jiemin Cormier
Concentration And Detection Of Hepatitis A Virus And Its Indicator From Seawater, Jiemin Cormier
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is the leading worldwide cause of acute viral hepatitis, and its outbreaks often occur from fecal contaminated shellfish. HAV is extremely stable in the environment and can survive 3~10 months in water. In addition, HAV can be bio-concentrated by shellfish by as much as 100 fold from fecal contaminated waters. Bacteriophage MS2 is used widely as a surrogate for HAV, and its presence has been proven to be a reliable indication of the presence of HAV. A rapid detection of viral contamination in water environments can prevent economic loss and can identify the source of …
Mathematical And Computer-Based Models For Optimizing Microwave Heating Processes Of Frozen Oysters, Jie Zhang
Mathematical And Computer-Based Models For Optimizing Microwave Heating Processes Of Frozen Oysters, Jie Zhang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Consumers with full-time jobs prefer microwavable-frozen-meals for convenience when lack time to cook. Microwaves do not require a medium for heat transfer and provide quick heating even in low thermal conductivity foods, which does not occur in conventional heating. The main problem in utilizing microwave-heating for cooking is the non-uniform temperature distribution in foods which may result in insufficient lethality of microorganisms in some part. This non-uniformity can be due to a number of factors including composition and geometry of food. The objectives of this study were to develop a mathematical-model based on Maxwell¡¯s equations for predicting the temperature distribution …
A Novel System To Study Seed Recalcitrance And Dormancy - Comparative Proteomics Between Two Spartina Species, Yi Wang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Spartina alterniflora is a dominant salt marsh cordgrass along the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf coasts, and the species is widely used for wetland restoration in Louisiana. S. alterniflora seeds are shed dormant from the mother plant. However, long-term preservation of S. alterniflora seeds is challenging because the seeds are recalcitrant, losing viability when dried below 45% water content. In this dissertation, I investigated the following three aspects of S. alterniflora: recalcitrance, dormancy release by cold stratification and the effect of drying temperature on the critical water content. Comparative proteomics between S. alterniflora and orthodox, desiccation tolerant Spartina pectinata seeds identified …
Physical Activity For African American Females : Salience Of Race, Gender-Role, And Exercise Identities, Jasmine M. Hamilton
Physical Activity For African American Females : Salience Of Race, Gender-Role, And Exercise Identities, Jasmine M. Hamilton
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Social identity theory explores the process of self-identifications based upon perceived shared commonalities with others in order to positively affiliate with group membership and accounts for inter-group and intra-group behaviors (Deaux, 2001; Hogg & Abrams, 1999; Tajfel, 1982). Social identity is also dependent upon environment and situation dynamics (Turner, 1982). African American females are at risk for high levels of physical inactivity. Researchers have suggested the use of frameworks that move investigations beyond assessing social aggregates such as race and gender to understand why this is true. Racial identity, gender-role identity, and exercise identity (derived from social identity theory) provide …
Psychological Biases Affect Hedonic Ratings, Wannita Jirangrat
Psychological Biases Affect Hedonic Ratings, Wannita Jirangrat
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Psychological biases in consumer testing may lead to misinterpretation of results and lower experimental power. Reports on various hedonic scales associated with psychological biases induced by sample presentation are limited in the literature. An appropriate experimental protocol could enable sensory scientists to accurately determine if a product is more or less liked. Overall, in this study some drawbacks of hedonic scales were revealed and some recommendations were made under specific circumstances. A more powerful design (SPRCBD) helped minimize positional and First Serving Order (FSO) biases in consumer tests by extracting more explained variances, resulting in decreased Type-II error in the …
Integrated Functional Anlaysis Of Quorum-Sensing In The Rice Pathogenic Bacterium Burkholderia Glumae, Ruoxi Chen
Integrated Functional Anlaysis Of Quorum-Sensing In The Rice Pathogenic Bacterium Burkholderia Glumae, Ruoxi Chen
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-to-cell communication mechanism that allows bacterial cells to collectively behave like a multicellular organism. It regulates the expression of toxoflavin, one of the major virulence factors of the rice pathogen, Burkholderia glumae. The QS system of B. glumae is mediated by the core genes, tofI and tofR. N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone, the primary QS signal molecule of B. glumae, is synthesized by tofI and binds to the cognate receptor tofR at the quorum point. However, tofI and tofR null mutants produce toxoflavin in certain growth conditions, indicating the presence of tofI- and tofR-independent pathways for toxoflavin production. …
Development Of Safe And Ready To Eat Frozen Oyster Products Using Microwave Steam-Venting Technology, Luis Alberto Espinoza
Development Of Safe And Ready To Eat Frozen Oyster Products Using Microwave Steam-Venting Technology, Luis Alberto Espinoza
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The Gulf Coast region, principally Louisiana, leads the nation in oyster production. The National Marine Fisheries Service reported that 19.7 million pounds of oyster meat, valued at $62.3 million dollars were harvested from the Gulf Coast region in 2010. One of the main concerns for this industry is the health risk associated with the consumption of oysters, particularly for at-risk populations. Oysters are filter feeders. They tend to concentrate microbes present in surrounding waters, some of which can cause severe illness in susceptible humans. Among pathogens that contaminate the gastrointestinal system of oysters, Vibrio spp (especially V. parahaemolyticus and V. …
Effects Of Amino Acids And Fatty Acids On Rice Starch Properties: Thermal, Pasting, Resistant Starch And Structural Characterization, Yu Jiang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In this study, the effects of fatty acids and amino acids on rice starch were determined in aspects of pasting properties, thermal characteristic, starch digestibility and crystallinity structure. Results from viscosity analysis showed significantly low peak viscosity when rice starch was combined with 1.0% stearic acid and 6% lysine without any pH adjustment; within 0.6%-1.0% of stearic acid and 6% of lysine addition, there was a linear regression relationship between peak viscosity and the level of stearic acid. Similar pasting curves were found in rice starch with 1.0% stearic acid and 6% glutamine, or 6% cysteine, or 6% glycine in …
Reduced Sodium Delivery Through Submicronization Of Sodium Chloride, Its Use In The Manufacture Of Surface Salted Cheese Crackers And The Evaluation Of Physico-Chemical, Microbiological And Sensory Characteristics Of Cheese Crackers, Marvin L. Moncada-Reyes
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Reducing the particle size of sodium chloride crystal would increase its dissolution rate leading to a more efficient transfer of the ions to the taste buds and hence perhaps a saltier perception of foods. The objective of this study was to develop submicrosalt by using a nanospray drying method, its use in surface salted cheese crackers and evaluating their physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics. The cheese cracker treatments consisted of 3 different salt sizes (regular, microsalt and submicrosalt) and 3 different concentrations (2, 1.5 and 1%). The 9 (3 sizes x 3 concentrations) different cheese cracker treatments were tested for …
The Effects Of Chronic And Acute Exercise Modalities On Substrate Utilization And Plasma Adiponectin Concentration, Greggory Ryan Davis
The Effects Of Chronic And Acute Exercise Modalities On Substrate Utilization And Plasma Adiponectin Concentration, Greggory Ryan Davis
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Impaired lipid metabolism at rest has been linked to the development of insulin resistance and an attenuation of plasma concentration of the hormone adiponectin. However, it has been suggested that increasing fatty acid oxidation at rest, via exercise or otherwise, may augment plasma adiponectin. The current literature addressing changes substrate utilization and possible direct effects on adiponectin during and following exercise is not well established. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation was to examine concomitant changes in adiponectin and substrate utilization both at rest and during various exercise modalities, as this may provide implications for improving metabolic responses and in …
Consumer's Preferences For Goat Meat In The United States : An Application Of Choice-Based Conjoint Analysis, Jessica Irene Hill
Consumer's Preferences For Goat Meat In The United States : An Application Of Choice-Based Conjoint Analysis, Jessica Irene Hill
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The meat goat industry is one of the fastest growing agricultural sectors in the United States. However, there has been limited research on consumers’ preferences for goat meat; therefore, a choice experiment was used to assess consumer preferences for goat meat and/or live goats. A national online survey was conducted from April 27, 2012 to May 4, 2012. Respondents were asked to complete either the goat meat choice experiment, live goat choice experiment or both. In addition to the choice experiment, respondents answered a set of questions about goat meat consumption and purchasing behavior as well as demographics. The attributes …
Physical Self-Concept And Gender : The Role Of Frame Of Reference And Social Comparison Among Adolescent Females, Emily Kristin Beasley
Physical Self-Concept And Gender : The Role Of Frame Of Reference And Social Comparison Among Adolescent Females, Emily Kristin Beasley
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Quality physical education can positively influence students’ emotional development, specifically their perceptions of competence, self-esteem, and self-concept. Unfortunately, girls often become less engaged and involved in physical education as they grow older and consistently report lower physical self-concepts than males. Physical self-concept is associated with multiple positive outcomes, yet there is only speculation addressing why females report lower physical self-concepts than males in physical education. The overall purpose of this dissertation was to investigate potential explanations for gender discrepancies in physical self-concept among physical education students. One qualitative and one quantitative research study was conducted to address this issue. The …
Taxonomy And Systematics Of New Zealand Faronitae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae), Jong-Seok Park
Taxonomy And Systematics Of New Zealand Faronitae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae), Jong-Seok Park
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The New Zealand Faronitae was revised at the species level, and a phylogenetic study was performed based on morphological and molecular data. Eight new genera and 143 new species were discovered. Three new genera, “Brounea”, “Ahnea” and “Pseudoexeirarthra” were designated based on the species originally described in the genus Sagola. Five new genera, “Aucklandea”, “Chandlerea”, “Nunnea”, “Leschenea” and “Pseudostenosagola” were designated by new species. Three known genera, Exeirarthra, Stenosagola and Sagola were also revised at species level. Eighty four names were synonymized, two in Exeirarthra, four in Stenosagola and 78 in Sagola. Lectotypes of seven species, Sagola terricola Broun, S. …
Development And Evaluation Of Molecular-Based Assays For Detecting Salmonella Serovars In Various Food Commodities, Qianru Yang
Development And Evaluation Of Molecular-Based Assays For Detecting Salmonella Serovars In Various Food Commodities, Qianru Yang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
As a leading cause of foodborne illnesses and outbreaks, Salmonella poses a major public health risk in the United States and worldwide. Various food commodities including meat and poultry, eggs, and fresh produce can serve as the transmission vehicles for Salmonella infections. To better ensure the safety of these products and protect public health, rapid, accurate, and reliable detection methods for Salmonella are needed. Molecular-based methods like loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), have gained wide applications in Salmonella detection, owning to their rapidity, specificity, and sensitivity. However, there is a paucity of data on the robustness of these assays. And very …
An Etho-Conventional Decision-Making Model For Sport Managers, Adam G. Pfleegor
An Etho-Conventional Decision-Making Model For Sport Managers, Adam G. Pfleegor
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The need for an ethically conscious sport management workforce is evident in contemporary athletics (Simon, 2010). As the complexities of regulations continue to increase, the intricacy of ethical-decisions faced by managers similarly intensifies. Interestingly, future sport managers are rarely prepared with appropriate ethical decision-making education (Malloy & Zakus, 1995). This lack of education is problematic due to the far-reaching implications that managerial decision-makers have on firms. The aim of this investigation was to develop a novel ethical decision-making model for sport managers that can be practically implemented to resolve ethical dilemmas that they may encounter on a daily basis. The …
Development Of Soluble Dietary Fiber Based Nanofiber Delivery System For Alpha-Tocopherol, Juan Li
Development Of Soluble Dietary Fiber Based Nanofiber Delivery System For Alpha-Tocopherol, Juan Li
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The bioactive compound vitamin E is essential for human health. It has been reported to reduce the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and aging. One of the main concerns about the availability of vitamin E is the stability, or lack thereof, associated with the processing and storage of it. Degradation could occur when vitamin E is exposed to light, temperature or oxygen, which results in the loss of efficacy. Also, the application of vitamin E is limited because of its poor solubility in aqueous media. Among the tocopherols contained in the vitamin E family, α-tocopherol (α -TOC) has the …
Empirical And Simulation Essays On Analyzing A Country's Export Performance : The Case Of Ghana, Aude L. Pujula
Empirical And Simulation Essays On Analyzing A Country's Export Performance : The Case Of Ghana, Aude L. Pujula
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A large array of literature has revealed the complexity of export performance analysis. Using the case of Ghana, this dissertation, divided into three essays, seeks to provide the methodological guidance, empirical and simulation evidence necessary to analyze a country’s export performance. The choice of Ghana was motivated by the country’s growth experience, strong export and agricultural sectors and implemented reforms and programs since 1983. In the first essay, we created a new trade-weighted Cedi index or real effective exchange rate (REER) that takes into account Ghana’s most relevant patterns of trade and captures the evolution of Ghana’s export price competitiveness …
Sensitivity And Resistance Of Cercospora Kikuchii, Causal Agent Of Cercospora Leaf Blight And Purple Seed Stain Of Soybean, To Selected Fungicides, Paul Patrick Price, Iii
Sensitivity And Resistance Of Cercospora Kikuchii, Causal Agent Of Cercospora Leaf Blight And Purple Seed Stain Of Soybean, To Selected Fungicides, Paul Patrick Price, Iii
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
ABSTRACT Isolates of Cercospora kikuchii, the causal agent of Cercospora leaf blight (CLB) and purple seed stain (PSS), were used to determine baseline sensitivities to selected quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) and demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides by conducting radial growth assays on fungicide-amended media. The effective concentration to inhibit 50% radial growth (EC50) for each isolate was calculated by linear interpolation of the dose-response relationship. All baseline distributions were non-normal with outliers towards the less sensitive ends of the spectra, and median EC50 values for azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, flutriafol, propiconazole, and tetraconazole were 0.081, 0.013, 0.012, 0.273, 0.143, 1.47 µg/ml, respectively. …