Life Sciences Commons^™

Discriminating Between Copers And Those With Chronic Ankle Instability With Clinical Outcomes, Erik A. Wikstrom, Jessica Plante

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a common consequence of lateral ankle sprains and a leading cause of post-traumatic ankle osteoarthritis. Despite a history of a lateral ankle sprain, there are some individuals (copers) who appear to have a mechanism that allows them to avoid recurrent lateral ankle sprains and giving way episodes. To date, research has identified differences in perceptual (e.g. self-assessed disability), mechanical (e.g. ligament laxity), and sensorimotor (e.g. balance) outcomes between copers and those with CAI. However, the vast majority of these outcomes are considered research and/or laboratory based and thus impractical for most clinicians to use …

Genetic Regulation Of Myofiber Hypertrophy?, Anna Thalacker-Mercer, Xiangqin Cui, Michael Stec, Edward Merritt, Marcas Bamman

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction. Progressive, resistance exercise training (RT) induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy, increases strength, power, and quality of muscle, and is potentially the most promising method to regenerate and re-grow muscle in populations suffering from involuntary atrophy. However, we have previously shown that there is a large degree of intersubject variability for myofiber hypertrophy in response to RT with adults having no response [-16μm2 (mean myofiber growth), Non], a modest response (1111μm2, Mod), or an extreme hypertrophic response (2475μm2, Xtr). Underlying mechanisms for this differential growth response are largely unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether differences in …

Effect Of Treadmill Versus Elliptical Exercise On Calcaneal Stiffness Index Among College Age Females, Kelly Maloney, Sandie Walker, Stephanie M. Otto Ph.D.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Osteoporosis is a disease that affects many older individuals, resulting in a decrease in bone density. Involvement in impact loading sports has been associated with greater stiffness index (SI) of the calcaneus when compared to non-impact sports and abstinence from sports. However, comparisons between the effectiveness of impact and non-impact exercise equipment on calcaneal SI is less clear. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of treadmill versus elliptical exercise on calcaneal SI.

Daily Physical Activity And Bone Health Among High School Students, Stephanie M. Otto Ph.D., Don Morgan Ph.D., Richard S. Farley Ph.D., Jwa K. Kim Ph.D., Dana K. Fuller Ph.D., Jennifer L. Caputo Ph.D.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

With advancements in healthcare and public education, life expectancy is increasing and the prevalence of age related health conditions such as osteoporosis are rising. It is well known that children and adolescents who engage in healthy behaviors are more likely to carry those behaviors into adulthood. More specifically, children and adolescents who engage in weight bearing physical activity have higher bone density and are less likely to develop osteoporosis later in life. Furthermore, technology that measures daily physical activity is improving and individuals are interested in the amount of activity they and their children should participate in to remain healthy. …

Building Kayak Excellence: From The Adolescent To The Elite Athlete., Marco Vescovi M.D., Daniele Bronzini, Flavia Bruttini M.D., Antonio Mortara, Ioanna Nakou M.D.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Building an athlete in order to reach his maximum possible performance is a long process which starts from infancy. The history of our interdisciplinary group ( medical doctors-trainers) is equally long. It started in the 80s with the cooperation of a medical doctor and a trainer. Over the years, the group has grown involving new trainers, former athletes, athletes and young doctors who share their own specific knowledge in order to individualize and promote the maximal performance of each single athlete, trying to keep them in optimal health and prevent typical injuries caused by overload.

Harvest Of The Ipsilateral Hamstrings Does Not Result In Tibial Internal Rotation Strength And Endurance Insufficiencies For Patients 12 To 36 Months Post-Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Giampietro L. Vairo

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Ipsilateral hamstrings tendons harvest as a primary autograft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has become increasingly prevalent among orthopaedic surgeons. Though, limited evidence exists detailing ensuing knee joint performance capacity. Previous authors have reported that ipsilateral semitendinosus and gracilis (STG) harvest results in significant tibial internal rotation strength deficiencies for related patients (1,2). However, prior data in regards to this measure have been reported as absolute as opposed to relative indices of strength and have not produced endurance results. Therefore, our objective was to profile relative tibial internal rotation strength and endurance responses to STG harvest in ACL reconstructed …

Keynote And Symposia Titles

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Keynote and Symposia titles for the 2nd International eConference on Kinesiology and Integrated Physiology. Meeting was held between October 3-14, 2011 and can be found at: http://kinesiology.econferenceintl.com

Programming

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Programming for the II International Meeting in Exercise Physiology

Neuromuscular Responses Of The Vastus Lateralis To Slow Walking With Vascular Restriction., Robert Cardenas, Charity Cavazos, Jose A. Leal Jr., Yoshiaki Sato, Michael G. Bemben, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Motor unit recruitment of individual muscles could substantially differ with changes in speed and load. However, the recruitment patterns associated with low intensity walk training with vascular restriction at sustained loads and constant speed could be different than normal walking. Vascular restricted (VR) walk training is an effective method for increasing muscular strength; however the changes in motor unit recruitment and firing frequency have not been investigated to understand the mechanisms underlying the neuromuscular adaptations. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze differences in electrical activity of the vastus lateralis during VR and non vascular restricted (non-VR) walking …

Agreement Of Health Status Classification And Body Composition Differences In Asian Indian Students Upon Residence In The United States, Hina Garg, G. Richard Grimes, Nestor W. Sherman, Christopher M. Hearon, William W. Edwards

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Obesity is one of the major health problems in the United States (U.S.). As Asian Indian students immigrate to the U.S., the effect of acculturation to the U.S. lifestyle is an area of concern. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was two-fold: 1) examine the health-risk status of Asian Indians with respect to agreement in classifications of percent body fat (PF) and body mass index (BMI), and 2) examine the effects of U.S. residence duration on body composition of Asian Indian college students. METHODS: Forty-two Asian Indian males and females were divided into two groups according to length of residence. …

The Effect Of Concurrent And Terminal Feedback On Vo2max, Mir Alikhan, Rachel M. Brown, Casey Carver, Cecilia Chavez, Kourtney Jones, Emily Krizmanic, T. Scott Marzilli, Amanda Pike, Mark Saroni, Janay Stradley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Concurrent feedback is the continuous provision of information regarding task performance given during the performance, while terminal feedback is the provision of this information only at the conclusion of the task. The following study examined performance on VO2max tests (VO2max, time to exhaustion, HR and RER) using these two types of feedback. Participants consisted of 14 males and 10 females with a mean age of 21.7 ± 2 years. Stratified random sampling was used to assign participants to either concurrent or terminal feedback. The two groups (n=12) were treated to a split-halves-transfer design upon completion of the first test. There …

Profiles Of Coronary Artery Disease Risk In Cardiac Patients: Actual Versus Perceived, Julie A. Borsack, Steve Martin, Kathy L. Hill, Thomas Meade, Becky Braden, Ivan Pereira, Stephen F. Crouse, John S. Green

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: To describe interrelations and differences between actual vs. perceived cardiac risk in a cohort of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. METHODS: 33 females (HT: 164 cm, WT: 80kg) and 67 males (HT: 179 cm, WT: 93kg) with documented CAD completed a questionnaire designed to assess CAD risk perception. They also underwent assessments for all ACSM risk factors. Five-point Likert scale responses to the question “Compared to other persons of your own age and sex, how would you rate your risk of ever having a heart attack?” were used to quantify CAD risk perception. To quantify actual risk, the number …

Effect Of The Power Balance® Band On Static Balance, Hamstring Flexibility, And Arm Strength In Adults, Princessjoy Verdan, Geanina Barna, Anntionette Roquemore, Brad Fenter, T. Scott Marzilli

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Power Balance® bands on strength, flexibility, and balance. Strength and flexibility were measured using the MicroFit system. Strength was measured via a bicep curl and flexibility via a sit-and-reach. Balance was measured by the BIODEX System SD. There were four different conditions for the balance test: eyes open on a firm surface (EOFS), eyes closed on a firm surface (ECFS), eyes open on a foam surface (EOFoS), and eyes closed on a foam surface (ECFoS). There were 24 subjects used (10 males and 14 females). A counterbalance, double-blind, placebo, …

Comparison Of Two Types Of Mouse Running Wheels., Greeshma S. Prabhu, David Ferguson, Dr.Timothy Lightfoot

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Voluntary wheel running of mice has been used as a measure of physical activity in a multitude of studies. The aim of this study was to validate low profile wireless running wheels (Med Associates Inc.) against solid-surface, traditionally-mounted vertical running wheels. All animal procedures were approved by the Texas A &M IACUC. Eleven week old female C57BL/6J mice (Jackson Labs, Bar Harbor, ME) were randomly assigned to either vertical running wheels (n=5) or low profile running wheels (n=5). Daily distance run was monitored for 12 days following initial wheel orientation exposure. Average daily distance run by the mice was not …

Changes In Power Output In Ncaa Football Linemen During Competitive Season, Quentin C. Posey, Joe W. Priest

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Changes in Power Output in NCAA Football Linemen During Competitive Season.

Posey, Q., R. Cole, and J. Priest, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, TX 76402

Introduction

Measuring power is a practice currently being developed by researchers. An available tool is the TENDO Weightlifting Analyzer (TWA). Although the TWA is a common research tool, there is little published research. The purpose of this study is to analyze OL and DL power output during in-season football.

Methods

Experimental Approach

Seventeen NCAA division II football players in the Lone Start Conference were monitored during organized in-season weight training workouts. TWA measured and recorded their …

A Comparison Of Hypertrophy Potential Between The Vastus Lateralis And Rectus Femoris During Level Walking In Combination With Vascular Restriction., Jose A. Leal Jr., Charity Cavazos, Robert Cardenas, Yoshiaki Sato, Bemben G. Michael, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Recent research has found that by compressing blood flow to working muscle during lower body exercise involving short bouts of walk training results in an increased muscle volume and improved quadriceps strength. However, the effects of vascular restriction (VR) during walking on neuromuscular adaptations as assessed by electromyography (EMG) activity may provide insight on how low intensity training with vascular restriction can be applied to various modes of exercise. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore and compare muscle activation changes of the quadriceps muscles during walking using EMG with and without blood flow restriction. METHODS: EMG electrodes …

Aquatic Treadmill Running Reduces Muscle Soreness Following Intense Sprint Exercise In Trained Men, Brad S. Lambert, Charles R. Hewitt, Craig M. Lowrie, Melissa C. Milner, John S. Green, Stephen F. Crouse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Delayed onset muscle soreness is associated with muscle damage, disturbances in proprioception, and decreases in muscular power. The purpose was to determine if short duration aquatic treadmill (ATM) running reduces muscle soreness following intense sprint exercise in trained men. Twenty trained men (180.3±4.4cm, 86.3±5.8kg, 20±1yr) were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: ATM recovery (ATMRec) and passive recovery (PRec). During testing, subjects performed a warm-up followed by sixteen 110yrd cutback runs with a sprint of 60yrds, sharp change of direction, and a return sprint of 50yrds. Work to rest ratio was set at 1:3. Additionally, following exercise, the ATMRec …

Using The Para To Evaluate Physical Activity Resource Attributes In Houston And Austin, Tx, Heather J. Adamus, Scherezade K. Mama, Rebecca E. Lee

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Many adults do not achieve recommended levels of physical activity (PA), and ecologic models suggest that environmental factors such as physical activity resources (PARs) may influence PA participation. Attributes of PARs, such as accessibility, features, amenities and incivilities, are related to PA. The Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA) is an environmental audit tool to assess the type, size, accessibility, incivilities, amenities and features of a PAR. Using the PARA to explore how incivilities and quality of features and amenities differ by location, size or accessibility is an essential step in understanding which attributes influence PA. The purpose of this study …

Physical Activity Frequency, Independent Of Volume, Is Directly Associated With C-Reactive Protein: Nhanes 2003 – 2006, Geoffrey Whitfield, William Kraus, Harold W. Kohl Iii

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: Physical activity (PA) has shown consistent positive effects on cardiovascular risk, yet the individual contributions of frequency, intensity and duration remain unclear. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the associations between objectively-measured PA frequency and cardiometabolic risk factors, independent of total PA volume.

Methods: Data were analyzed for 5,549 adults with at least four valid days of accelerometry from the 2003 – 2006 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Meeting PA guidelines was defined as 150+ minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA per week, accumulated in 10+ minute bouts. Frequency was defined as the number …

The Age At Which Children Improve The Most In The 50 Yard Freestyle, Paul Lickteig

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

As of late there are no studies looking at what age swimmers have the greatest improvements. The early teenage years do see a significant increase in aerobic performances when exercise is introduced properly. The purpose of this study is to determine at what age swimmers improve the most. The USA Swimming website was accessed using http://www.usaswimming.org and the section of the website titled “Swimmers,” was selected, then “Times/Time Standards” was selected on the left hand side of the screen to search through swimmer results for any time period and any age. Data was copied into an Excel file, the ordered …

Effect Of Text Messaging And Cellphone Use On A Multi-Sensory Tracking Task, John-Paul Connell, Carla Brown, Chelsey Hannah, Shane Huff, Dr. Scott Marzilli

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

This experiment studied subjects’ performance on a continuous multisensory tracking task. Different theories suggest that there is a decrease in performance due to attentional capacity; furthermore, talking or texting on a mobile phone will negatively affect task performance. Twenty-four college-age students were recruited to be tested on the Biodex Balance System SD with the texting condition, talking on a mobile phone condition, and control condition. Results showed that text messaging while performing a continuous multisensory tracking task negatively affected performance. There was no significant difference, however, between the control condition and talking on a mobile phone while completing the task. …