Life Sciences Commons^™

Biodiversity Of The Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Conoidasida) In Vertebrates: What We Know, What We Do Not Know, And What Needs To Be Done, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Over the last two decades my colleagues and I have assembled the literature on a good percentage of most of the coccidians (Conoidasida) known, to date, to parasitise: Amphibia, four major lineages of Reptilia (Amphisbaenia, Chelonia, Crocodylia, Serpentes), and seven major orders in the Mammalia (Carnivora, Chiroptera, Lagomorpha, Insectivora, Marsupialia, Primates, Scandentia). These vertebrates, combined, comprise about 15,225 species; only about 899 (5.8%) of them have been surveyed for coccidia and 1,946 apicomplexan valid species names or other forms are recorded in the literature. Based on these compilations and other factors, I extrapolated that there yet may be an additional …

Distribution Extension Of Aspiculuris Americana Parasite Of Peromyscus Difficilis In Hidalgo, Mexico, Griselda Pulido-Flores, Scott Monks, Jorge Falcón-Ordaz

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

English: As a part of an ongoing project to inventory the helminth parasites of rodents in Mexico, 30 individuals of Aspiculuris americana were collected inhabiting the intestine from three specimens of the rock mouse Peromyscus difficilis, collected from Cerro Xihuingo, Municipality of Tepeapulco, Hidalgo State, Mexico. This species of nematode parasite different species of the genus Peromyscus (P. gossypinus, P. leucopus, P. maniculatus, and P. floridanus) distributed from Yukon Territory in Canada to Florida in the United States of America. This is the first report of Aspiculuris americana in a Mexican endemic rodent, widening …

Varestrongylus Eleguneniensis Sp. N. (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae): A Widespread, Multi-Host Lungworm Of Wild North American Ungulates, With An Emended Diagnosis For The Genus And Explorations Of Biogeography, Guilherme G. Verocai, Susan J. Kutz, Manon Simard, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: A putative new species of Varestrongylus has been recently recognized in wild North American ungulates based on the ITS-2 sequences of larvae isolated from feces during a wide geographic survey. No taxonomic description was provided, as adult specimens were not examined. Methods: Lungworm specimens were collected in the terminal bronchioles of muskoxen from Quebec, and a woodland caribou from central Alberta, Canada. The L3 stage was recovered from experimentally infected slugs (Deroceras spp.). Description of specimens was based on comparative morphology and integrated approaches. Molecular identity was determined by PCR and sequencing of the ITS-2 region of …

Host And Distribution Lists Of Chiggers (Trombiculidae And Leeuwenhoekiidae), Of North American Wild Vertebrates North Of Mexico, Brianne L. Walters, John O. Whitaker Jr., Nicholas S. Gikas, William J. Wrenn

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Information concerning chiggers found on wild vertebrates of North America north of Mexico is summarized. Included are lists a) of the chiggers organized taxonomically, b) hosts from which each species has been reported, and c) states and provinces with references for each separate record

Description Of Scottnema Lindsayae Timm, 1971 (Rhabditida: Cephalobidae) From Taylor Valley, Antarctica And Its Phylogenetic Relationship, Sven Boström, Oleksandr Holovachov, Steven A. Nadler

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The endemic Antarctic nematode Scottnema lindsayae is described from specimens collected in Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Victoria Land. The recently collected material is compared with the original description and other subsequent descriptions of the species. A more complete scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study of the species is presented. The phylogenetic position of S. lindsayae is inferred using a secondary structure-based alignment of a partial sequence of nuclear Large Subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA. Phylogenetic trees were inferred using base-paired substitution models implemented in PHASE 2 software and Bayesian inference, and show S. lindsayae as the sister group to Stegelletina taxa.

Illustrated Identification Keys To Strongylid Parasites Strongyllidae Nematoda Of Horses Zebras And Asses Equidae, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, Vitaliy A. Kharchenko, Grigory M. Dvojnos

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The Equidae (the horse, Equus caballus, the ass, Equus asinus, zebras and their hybrids) are hosts to a great variety of nematode parasites, some of which can cause significant morbidity or mortality if individual hosts are untreated. Worldwide the nematode parasites of horses belong to 7 suborders, 12 families, 29 genera and 83 species. The great majority (19 of 29 genera and 64 of 83 species) are members of the family Strongylidae, which includes the most common and pathogenic nematode parasites of horses. Only the Strongylidae are included in this treatise.

The Strongylidae (common name strongylids) of horses …

Ultrastructure Of Tuzetia Weidneri Sp. N. (Microsporidia: Tuzetiidae) In Skeletal Muscle Of Litopenaeus Setiferus And Farfantepenaeus Aztecus (Crustacea: Decapoda) And New Data On Perezia Nelsoni (Microsporidia: Pereziidae) In L. Setiferus, Elizabeth U. Canning, Alan Curry, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

A new microsporidian species, Tuzetia weidneri sp. n. , is described from the skeletal muscle of the decapod crustaceans Litopenaeus setiferus and Farfantepenaeus aztecus. Fresh spores are pyriform, measuring 3.1 x 2.3 µm. All stages have unpaired nuclei. Meronts lie in direct contact with degenerate host cell cytoplasm but produce numerous small blisters at the surface. Multinucleate meronts divide by constriction into groups or chains of uninucleate products. Sporogony is initiated by deposition of a dense surface coat on the plasma membrane of uninucleate or multinucleate stages and fusion of blisters to enclose the sporont in a sporophorous vesicle …

Worms, Nematoda, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Nematodes are the most speciose phylum of metazoa on earth. Not only do they occur in huge numbers as parasites of all known animal groups, but also they are found in the soils, as parasites of plants, and in large numbers in the most extreme environments, from the Antarctic dry valleys to the benthos of the ocean. They are extremely variable in their morphological characteristics, with each group showing morphological adapta­tions to the environment that they inhabit. Soil-dwelling forms are extremely small; many marine species have long and complex setae; and parasitic species man­ifest amazingly great reproductive potential and large …

Molecular Phylogeny Of Clade Iii Nematodes Reveals Multiple Origins Of Tissue Parasitism, Steven A. Nadler, R. A. Carreno, H. Mejía-Madrid, J. Ullberg, C. Pagan, R. Houston, Jean-Pierre Hugot

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of 113 taxa representing Ascaridida, Rhigonematida, Spirurida and Oxyurida were used to infer a more comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis for representatives of ‘clade III’. The posterior probability of multiple alignment sites was used to exclude or weight characters, yielding datasets that were analysed using maximum parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian inference methods. Phylogenetic results were robust to differences among inference methods for most high-level taxonomic groups, but some clades were sensitive to treatments of characters reflecting differences in alignment ambiguity. Taxa representing Camallanoidea, Oxyurida, Physalopteroidea, Raphidascarididae, and Skrjabillanidae were monophyletic in all 9 analyses whereas Ascaridida, Ascarididae, Anisakidae, Cosmocercoidea, …

Three New Species Of Nothacrobeles (Nemata: Cephalobidae) From The Mojave Desert, California, I. T. De Ley, P. De Ley, J. G. Baldwin, M. Mundo-Ocampo, Steven A. Nadler

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Three new species of Nothacrobeles are described from localities in the Mojave Desert, southern California. Nothacrobeles triniglarus n. sp. is characterized by the presence of a long post-vulval sac and three tubular adoral projections. Both N. spatulatus n. sp. and N. nanocorpus n. sp. are smaller than any other known species within the genus. Nothacrobeles spatulatus n. sp. has labial probolae that are short and spatulate without a basal ridge, whereas those of N. nanocorpus n. sp. are flattened and plate-like. Furthermore, N. nanocorpus n. sp. is unique by its extremely short esophageal corpus (less than 25 μm long in …

Critical Comment: Designation And Curatorial Management Of Type Host Specimens (Symbiotypes) For New Parasite Species, Jennifer K. Frey, Terry L. Yates, Donald Duszynski, William L. Gannon, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

The accurate identification of a host organism is an important component in the taxonomic recognition of a new species of parasite. Correct identification, curatorial management, and safekeeping of the host specimen from which a parasite type specimen is collected is also desirable. We recommend that the host from which the type of a new parasite species is described should be designated as a symbiotype.

Génétique Systematique Et Des Trichinella [Table Ronde] = Genetics And Systematics Of Trichinella [Round Table], K. D. Murrell, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, Robert L. Rausch

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Up to the present time, the existence of two species in the genus Trichinella has been accepted by most workers. The proliferation of isolates and the definition of numerous genetic populations have caused considerable confusion in recent years for taxonomists and others concerned with these nematodes. The application of the biological species-concept to nematodes of the genus Trichinella has been difficult, but the recent investigations of Dr. E. Pozio and coworkers at the Trichinella Reference Center (Laboratory of Parasitology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, viale Regina Elena, 299-00161 Rome, Italy) have provided new information on numerous isolates from localities worldwide. By …

Hirschmanniella Pomponiensis N. Sp. (Nemata: Pratylenchidae), Parasitic On Bulrush, Scirpus Robustus Pursh, Fawzia Abdel-Rahman, Armand R. Maggenti

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

A new species of Hirschmanniella was found in bulrush roots; LM and SEM morphological studies revealed that it is distinct from other species in the genus. Therefore, it is designated Hirschmanniella pomponiensis n. sp. Six lips are fused to form a hexagonal labial plate, six inner sensilla encircle the stoma opening, and four cephalic sensilla open in the corners of subdorsal and subventral lips. Cephalic lip region consists of six or seven annuli. The female has incomplete areolation in the lateral field, the intestine overlaps the rectum, the tail tip is pointed and without annulation.

A New Gall-Forming Species Of Anguina Scopoli, 1777 (Nemata: Anguinidae) On Bluegrass, Poa Annua L., From The Coast Of California, I. Cid Del Prado Vera, Armand R. Maggenti

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Anguina pacificae n. sp. is described and illustrated from stem galls on bluegrass, Poa annua L., from golf courses along coastal California. The females are characterized by constrictions in the anterior and posterior connections of the isthmus with the respective parts of the esophagus, the long multicellular columella, and the sharply pointed tail tip. Males are dorsally curved after death; body width is increased markedly after 13 annuli in both sexes, and the tail is conical and with an acute terminus.

Rhizonema Sequoiae N. Gen. N. Sp. From Coast Redwood Sequoia Sempervirens (D. Don) Endl., I. Cid Del Prado Vera, B. F. Lownsbery, Armand R. Maggenti

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Rhizonema sequoiae n. gen. n. sp. is described from the roots of Coast Redwood, Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl., growing near Lake Lagunitas, Marin County, California. Rhizonema females are annulated over their entire bodies, are wholly embedded in host tissue, and secrete an abundant amount of gel material. Mature females do not form a cyst. The vulva is located on a large posterior terminal cone, and the anus is on the dorsal vulval lip. Esophageal glands of the second-stage larvae fill more than half of the body cavity. Tails of the vermiform males are blunt, and a cloacal tubus is …