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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Identifying Critical Genes For Cholesterol Metabolism In Macrophages Using Crispr-Cas9 Whole-Genome Screens, Kevin Wanniarachchi
Identifying Critical Genes For Cholesterol Metabolism In Macrophages Using Crispr-Cas9 Whole-Genome Screens, Kevin Wanniarachchi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Macrophage foam cells contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation, a pathology that underlies heart disease, peripheral arterial disease and stroke. Foam cells form when macrophages take up excessive amounts of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) leading to elevated cellular levels of neutral lipids, which are packaged into lipid droplet organelles. Despite the high public health priority motivating research of cardiovascular disease processes, current understanding of macrophage cholesterol metabolism including mechanisms of LDL uptake, cholesterol trafficking, lipid droplet biogenesis, lipid droplet degradation and cholesterol efflux is limited. Here, we implemented a CRISPR-Cas9 whole genome screening strategy to identify critical genes regulating macrophage cholesterol metabolism. …
Macropinosome Maturation Is A Clathrin Dependent Process In Bone Marrow Macrophages, Susmita Poudel
Macropinosome Maturation Is A Clathrin Dependent Process In Bone Marrow Macrophages, Susmita Poudel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Macrophages nonspecifically take up extracellular fluids, solutes and macromolecules by macropinocytosis. Understanding the mechanisms of macropinosome maturation will inform the study of lipid uptake, viral entry, antigen processing and presentation, as well as regulation of cell growth. Colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) is internalized by small vesicle endocytosis, trafficked to nascent macropinosomes and degraded. These CSF-1R positive macropinosomes mature through a sequence similar to endosomes, progressing from EEA1 and Rab5 to Rab7 positive vesicles before fusing with lysosomes. Here we report the assembly of clathrin on internalized macropinosomes shown both by live-cell microscopy of cells expressing clathrin light chain-yellow fluorescent …
Effects Of Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein On Nitric Oxide Production In Macrophages, Annong Huang
Effects Of Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein On Nitric Oxide Production In Macrophages, Annong Huang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The effects of oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on atherogenesis may be partly mediated by alterations in nitric oxide (NO) production by macrophages. A major goal of this study was to identify the lipid components in oxLDL modulating NO production. The effect of a water soluble antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine) and lipid soluble antioxidant (alpha-tocopherol) on NO production in macrophages was also determined. A second goal was to determine if the effects of oxLDL occurred at the transcriptional level. Human LDL was oxidized using an azo-initiator 2,2$\sp\prime$-azobis (2-amidinopropane) HCI (ABAP). OxLDL markedly decreased the production of NO in LPS stimulated RAW264.7 …