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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Co2/Ph Signaling Of Respiratory Control Neurons In The Bullfrog, Lithobates Catesbeianus: Development Of A Comparative Model, Joseph M. Santin
Co2/Ph Signaling Of Respiratory Control Neurons In The Bullfrog, Lithobates Catesbeianus: Development Of A Comparative Model, Joseph M. Santin
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The locus coeruleus (LC) in the brainstem senses alterations in CO2/pH and influences ventilatory adjustments that restore blood gas values to starting levels in bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus). We hypothesized that neurons of the bullfrog LC are sensitive to changes in CO2/pH and that chemosensitive responses are intrinsic to individual neurons. In addition, we hypothesized putative respiratory control neurons of the bullfrog LC would be stimulated by hypercapnic acidosis within physiological ranges of PCO2/pH. 84% of LC neurons depolarized and increased firing rates during exposure to hypercapnic acidosis (HA). A pH dose response …
The Phylogenetics Of Tachinidae (Insecta: Diptera) With An Emphasis On Subfamily Structure, Daniel J. Davis
The Phylogenetics Of Tachinidae (Insecta: Diptera) With An Emphasis On Subfamily Structure, Daniel J. Davis
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The parasitoid flies of the Tachinidae family are an important and diverse (>10,000 species) lineage of insects. However, tachinids are not well studied partially due to their confusing classification and taxonomy. DNA sequences were obtained from twenty tribal representatives of Tachinidae, along with eight outgroups in order to phylogenetically reconstruct the superfamilial, subfamilial and tribal relationships of Tachinidae. Seven gene regions of six genes (18S, 28S, COI, CAD, Ef1a, and TPI) were sequenced for each taxon (6214 bp total). Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods were used to infer phylogenies. The Sarcophagidae and Oestridae were usually reconstructed as monophyletic. …
Enhancing Herbicide Efficacy On Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris Arundinacea) By Testing A Plant Growth Hormone, Application Times, And Herbicide Type, Denise Lynn Fong
Enhancing Herbicide Efficacy On Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris Arundinacea) By Testing A Plant Growth Hormone, Application Times, And Herbicide Type, Denise Lynn Fong
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Phalaris arundinacea, also known as reed canary grass (RCG), is a non-native invasive grass that thrives in floodplains. RCG plants displace native flora which reduces diversity in otherwise species rich wetlands. This is a widespread problem throughout many parts of the USA. RCG can grow by its seeds or its rhizomes. Its seeds are capable of surviving long periods in soil. RCG can potentially be controlled by multi-year treatments in early spring and early fall with broad spectrum or grass specific herbicides. The goal of this study was to optimize methods to control RCG, in order to increase species …
Long-Term Effects Of Deer Browsing On Northern Wisconsin Forest Plant Communities, Danielle Rae Begley
Long-Term Effects Of Deer Browsing On Northern Wisconsin Forest Plant Communities, Danielle Rae Begley
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The effects of excessive white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) browsing on forest understory plant communities are well-documented. However, these studies are usually short-term, and fail to focus on phylogenetic diversity and additional variables that may explain species composition. This study examined ecological and phylogenetic diversity, vegetation structure, and light (% insolation) in short (7 year) and long-term (22 year) exclosures (and paired controls) to identify if competitive exclusion occurs in long-term exclosures. A deer browsing susceptibility index (DBS) was also developed to identify species reliant on exclosures for persistence. Statistical analysis using 2-way ANOVAs showed increased percent cover, vegetation height, and …
Can Antibiotics From Recently Discovered Marine Actinobacteria Slow The Tide Of Antibiotic Resistance?, Lorraine Susan Tangeman
Can Antibiotics From Recently Discovered Marine Actinobacteria Slow The Tide Of Antibiotic Resistance?, Lorraine Susan Tangeman
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Actinobacteria, one phylum of gram positive bacteria, are found throughout all the environments on earth. Actinobacteria have long been studied for the benefits they provide, both to their environment and to humans, and have a great capacity for adaptation and evolution. They decompose organic matter, replenishing nutrients into the soil, and as such are important members of the food chain. Humans benefit from the exploitation of Actinobacterial metabolites as antimicrobial drugs. These antimicrobials have been effectively utilized for decades in the fight against infectious disease. Despite the success of this drug arsenal we are now in the midst of an …
Likely Successors Of Ash Species In Response To The Emerald Ash Borer In Ohio Forests, Brian Michael Good
Likely Successors Of Ash Species In Response To The Emerald Ash Borer In Ohio Forests, Brian Michael Good
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Invasive species have the capability to alter landscapes and change the composition of a forest in a very short time. The recent invasive pest, Agrilus planipennis, emerald ash borer, was unintentionally introduced to the United States via ship route to Michigan. The pest attacks and kills all five native ash species in Ohio. This study focused on an area in west central Ohio not yet affected by the borer. Ash centered plots were used to record all species and sizes (diameter at breast height) within a 5m radius of a central ash tree. Plots ranged in topography and all five …
Regulation Of The Stability And Cellular Localization Of The Coxsackievirus And Adenovirus Receptor (Car), Ran Yan
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In polarized epithelia, the seven exon isoform of the Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAREx7) is a basolateral cell-cell adhesion protein that is inaccessible for viral infection. In contrast, the eight-exon CAR isoform (CAREx8) localizes at the apical surface and mediates adenovirus (AdV) infection. A PDZ-domain containing protein, MAGI-1, interacts with both isoforms of CAR. I hypothesized that each CAR isoform interacts with specific MAGI-1 PDZ domain(s). Co-immunoprecipitation, FRET and binding assays showed that CAREx7 and CAREx8 both interact with MAGI-1-PDZ3 with high affinity. CAREx8 also interacts with MAGI-1-PDZ1. Whereas the CAREx7-PDZ3 …
Accurate Splicing Of Hdac6 Requires Son, Vishnu Priya Chowdary Battini
Accurate Splicing Of Hdac6 Requires Son, Vishnu Priya Chowdary Battini
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Pre-mRNA splicing requires proper splice site selection mediated by many factors including snRNPs and serine-arginine rich (SR) splicing factors. Son is the largest known SR splicing factor, and it has several putative functional domains including an RS domain, a glycine rich patch (G-patch) and double stranded RNA binding domain (DSRBD). One-third of Son's amino acid sequence consists of novel repetitive sequence motifs of unknown function (Sharma et al., 2010). Son is essential for organization of pre-mRNA processing factors in nuclear speckles and for cell cycle progression (Sharma et al., 2010; Sharma et al., 2011; Ahn et al 2011). Exon array …
The Role Of Patch Size, Isolation, And Forest Condition On Pileated Woodpecker Occupancy In Southwestern Ohio, Anna Lynn Kamnyev
The Role Of Patch Size, Isolation, And Forest Condition On Pileated Woodpecker Occupancy In Southwestern Ohio, Anna Lynn Kamnyev
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No studies of Pileated Woodpeckers (Dryocopus pileatus) have been done in southwestern Ohio where agriculture is prevalent and forests are significantly fragmented. The objective of this study was to determine the forest fragment size, isolation, and structure preferred by D. pileatus for breeding habitat. I sampled 37 forest fragments varying in size and isolation for D. pileatus cavities and forest characteristics and used LiDAR remote sensing data to analyze forest complexity. I hypothesized that D. pileatus relative abundance would increase with forest fragment size, density of dead trees, and forest vertical complexity but decrease with isolation. The hypotheses that size …