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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Abnormal Behavior As An Indication Of Immaterial Suffering, Hans Hinrich Sambraus
Abnormal Behavior As An Indication Of Immaterial Suffering, Hans Hinrich Sambraus
International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems
I do not believe I am the only one who has occasionally been satisfied to take three steps forward and two steps back. Despite the setback, "progress" of one step has been made. At present, the animal welfare task seems to me to be preserving that small bit of progress. In the animal welfare laws of various countries that have come into force in the last few years, terms like "appropriate conditions" and "species-specific activity requirements" have appeared. (These are the three steps forward.) Only the ethologist can determine what they mean in specific cases. But many ethologists who have …
Abnormal Behavior As An Indication Of Immaterial Suffering, Hans Hinrich Sambraus
Abnormal Behavior As An Indication Of Immaterial Suffering, Hans Hinrich Sambraus
Sentience Collection
Reactive abnormal behavior is the convincing proof of immaterial suffering for the ethologist. We consider abnormal that behavior which does not correspond to, or is without object, which appears with sharply increased or decreased frequency, or which is abnormal in its motor pattern. Moreover, much reactive abnormal behavior manifests itself in stereotypies, i.e., the movement is repeated continuously in the same way. Among wild animals and in traditional forms of animal production abnormal behavior is unknown. However, it is encountered often in animals in intensive husbandry systems, and it can be demonstrated that abnormal behavior is actually brought about by …