Life Sciences Commons^™

Ultrastructural Studies On The Cultivation Processes And Growth And Development Of The Cultivated Mushroom Agaricus Bisporus, D. A. Wood, G. D. Craig, P. T. Atkey, R. J. Newsam, K. Gull

Food Structure

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) , transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy have been used to study various processes in the cultivation of the edible mushroom Agaricus bisporus . Mushrooms are cultured on composted wheat straw. The microbial degradation processes during composting have been visualised by TEM and SEM and correlated with microbiological studies . Various modes of attack by the microorganisms on the plant cell walls can be seen. Most rapid degradation occurred on the cuticle and phloem and spread to other cell types. Microbial attack was found to be nonuniform between tissue types and individual cells. The mycelium of …

Ultrastructural And Biochemical Investigations Of Mature Human Milk, Robert J. Carroll, Jay J. Basch, John G. Phillips, Harold M. Farrell Jr.

Food Structure

The casein complexes (casein micelles) of human skim milk were evaluated by electron microscopy. Fourteen samples of human milk were obtained from seven donors whose stage of lactation varied from 1 to 23 months. Compositional and biochemical parameters were measured to evaluate the nature of these samples. For mature human milks, 2-13 months of lactation, average percentage of solids-notfat was found to be 8.32 ± 0.16. Protein compositions of the skim milks were studied by the Coomassie blue dye binding method and by SDS-gel electrophoresis; total protein and casein were found to be 0.62 ± 0.18 and 0.29 ± 0.02 …

Effect Of Ionizing Irradiation And Storage On Mushroom Ultrastructure. I. The Gills Of Agaricus Bisporus (Lge.) Imbach And Pleurotus Ostreatus (Jacq. Ex Fr.) Kummer, A. Keresztes, J. Kovacs, E. Kovacs

Food Structure

We have investigated the gills of both the control and gamma-irradiated groups of A.bisporus and P.ostreatus (2.5 kGy or 2.5 and 5.0 kGy doses, respectively) by scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. The primary aim of our study was to see, how gamma-irradiation used for shelflife extension inhibits spore production. We have found in both species that inhibition of spore production in irradiated specimens is caused by the destroying of basidia rather than by retarding normal spore development. In P.ostreatus the hymenium appears to be more sensitive to irradiation than in A.bisporus. In both species the subhymenium and trama …

Cryopreparation Of Tissue For Electron Microscopy, John G. Linner, Stephen C. Bennett, Donna S. Harrison, Alton L. Steiner

Scanning Electron Microscopy

An apparatus able to remove amorphous phase tissue water without recrystallization or rehydration has been produced. Application of this technique to biological samples achieves both the preservation of ultrastructure and the retention of cellular macromolecules and solute without redistribution or modification.

Small pieces of fresh tissue were cryofixed by the method of bounce free metal-mirror freezing on polished copper bars at liquid nitrogen temperature. Tissue samples were then placed under liquid nitrogen in a copper sample holder equipped with a thermocouple and feedback controlled heating circuit. Under liquid nitrogen the sample block was placed in a stainless steel sample chamber …