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University of Windsor

2022

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Articles 1 - 30 of 79

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Guanidinium–Amino Acid Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions In Protein Crystal Structures: Implications For Guanidinium-Induced Protein Denaturation, Indu Negi, Raman Jangra, Amit Gharu, John F. Trant, Purshotam Sharma Dec 2022

Guanidinium–Amino Acid Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions In Protein Crystal Structures: Implications For Guanidinium-Induced Protein Denaturation, Indu Negi, Raman Jangra, Amit Gharu, John F. Trant, Purshotam Sharma

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

In the present work, 86 available high resolution X-ray structures of proteins that contain one or more guanidinium ions (Gdm+) are analyzed for the distribution and nature of noncovalent interactions between Gdm+ and amino-acid residues. A total of 1044 hydrogen-bonding interactions were identified, of which 1039 are N–H⋯O, and five are N–H⋯N. Acidic amino acids are more likely to interact with Gdm+ (46% of interactions, 26% Asp and 20% Glu), followed by Pro (19% of interactions). DFT calculations on the identified Gdm+–amino acid hydrogen-bonded pairs reveal that although Gdm+ interacts primarily with the backbone amides of nonpolar amino acids, Gdm+ …

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Combining Telemetry And Fisheries Data To Quantify Species Overlap And Evaluate Bycatch Mitigation Strategies In An Emergent Canadian Arctic Fishery, Daniel J. Madigan, Brynn M. Devine, Sam B. Weber, Angela L. Young, Nigel E. Hussey Dec 2022

Combining Telemetry And Fisheries Data To Quantify Species Overlap And Evaluate Bycatch Mitigation Strategies In An Emergent Canadian Arctic Fishery, Daniel J. Madigan, Brynn M. Devine, Sam B. Weber, Angela L. Young, Nigel E. Hussey

Integrative Biology Publications

Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides are bottom-dwelling flatfish that support commercial and community fisheries in Baffin Bay, Canada. Recently, exploratory inshore summer fisheries have raised concerns surrounding the bycatch of Greenland sharks Somniosus microcephalus and Arctic skate Amblyraja hyperborea, which are susceptible to overfishing due to their conservative life history traits. To explore fisheries selectivity and opportunities for bycatch mitigation, we combined pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) and fisheries data to assess habitat overlap and catch trends across these 3 species. PSAT data showed variable inter-specific overlap, with Greenland sharks primarily inhabiting depths (725 ± 193 m), Greenland halibut inhabiting a …

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A Colonial-Nesting Seabird Shows No Heart-Rate Response To Drone-Based Population Surveys, Erica A. Geldart, Andrew F. Barnas, Christina A.D. Semeniuk, H. Grant Gilchrist, Christopher M. Harris, Oliver P. Love Dec 2022

A Colonial-Nesting Seabird Shows No Heart-Rate Response To Drone-Based Population Surveys, Erica A. Geldart, Andrew F. Barnas, Christina A.D. Semeniuk, H. Grant Gilchrist, Christopher M. Harris, Oliver P. Love

Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications

Aerial drones are increasingly being used as tools for ecological research and wildlife monitoring in hard-to-access study systems, such as in studies of colonial-nesting birds. Despite their many advantages over traditional survey methods, there remains concerns about possible disturbance effects that standard drone survey protocols may have on bird colonies. There is a particular gap in the study of their influence on physiological measures of stress. We measured heart rates of incubating female common eider ducks (Somateria mollissima) to determine whether our drone-based population survey affected them. To do so, we used heart-rate recorders placed in nests to quantify their …

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Breeding Stage And Tissue Isotopic Consistency Suggests Colony-Level Flexibility In Niche Breadth Of An Arctic Marine Bird, Kyle J.L. Parkinson, Holly L. Hennin, H. Grant Gilchrist, Keith A. Hobson, Nigel E. Hussey, Oliver P. Love Dec 2022

Breeding Stage And Tissue Isotopic Consistency Suggests Colony-Level Flexibility In Niche Breadth Of An Arctic Marine Bird, Kyle J.L. Parkinson, Holly L. Hennin, H. Grant Gilchrist, Keith A. Hobson, Nigel E. Hussey, Oliver P. Love

Integrative Biology Publications

Organisms must overcome environmental limitations to optimize their investment in life history stages to maximize fitness. Human-induced climate change is generating increasingly variable environmental conditions, impacting the demography of prey items and, therefore, the ability of consumers to successfully access resources to fuel reproduction. While climate change effects are especially pronounced in the Arctic, it is unknown whether organisms can adjust foraging decisions to match such changes. We used a 9-year blood plasma δ13C and δ15N data set from over 700 pre-breeding Arctic common eiders (Somateria mollissima) to assess breeding-stage and inter-annual variation in isotopic niche, and whether inferred trophic …

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Marine Mammal Hotspots Across The Circumpolar Arctic, Charmain D. Hamilton, Christian Lydersen, Jon Aars, Mario Acquarone, Todd Atwood, Alastair Baylis, Martin Biuw, Andrei N. Boltunov, Erik W. Born, Peter Boveng, Tanya M. Brown, Michael Cameron, John Citta, Justin Crawford, Rune Dietz, Jim Elias, Steven H. Ferguson, Aaron Fisk, Lars P. Folkow, Kathryn J. Frost Dec 2022

Marine Mammal Hotspots Across The Circumpolar Arctic, Charmain D. Hamilton, Christian Lydersen, Jon Aars, Mario Acquarone, Todd Atwood, Alastair Baylis, Martin Biuw, Andrei N. Boltunov, Erik W. Born, Peter Boveng, Tanya M. Brown, Michael Cameron, John Citta, Justin Crawford, Rune Dietz, Jim Elias, Steven H. Ferguson, Aaron Fisk, Lars P. Folkow, Kathryn J. Frost

Integrative Biology Publications

Aim: Identify hotspots and areas of high species richness for Arctic marine mammals. Location: Circumpolar Arctic. Methods: A total of 2115 biologging devices were deployed on marine mammals from 13 species in the Arctic from 2005 to 2019. Getis-Ord Gi* hotspots were calculated based on the number of individuals in grid cells for each species and for phylogenetic groups (nine pinnipeds, three cetaceans, all species) and areas with high species richness were identified for summer (Jun-Nov), winter (Dec-May) and the entire year. Seasonal habitat differences among species’ hotspots were investigated using Principal Component Analysis. Results: Hotspots and areas with high …

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Cumulative Cultural Evolution And Mechanisms For Cultural Selection In Wild Bird Songs, Heather Williams, Andrew Scharf, Anna R. Ryba, D. Ryan Norris, Daniel J. Mennill, Amy E.M. Newman, Stéphanie M. Doucet, Julie C. Blackwood Dec 2022

Cumulative Cultural Evolution And Mechanisms For Cultural Selection In Wild Bird Songs, Heather Williams, Andrew Scharf, Anna R. Ryba, D. Ryan Norris, Daniel J. Mennill, Amy E.M. Newman, Stéphanie M. Doucet, Julie C. Blackwood

Biological Sciences Publications

Cumulative cultural evolution, the accumulation of sequential changes within a single socially learned behaviour that results in improved function, is prominent in humans and has been documented in experimental studies of captive animals and managed wild populations. Here, we provide evidence that cumulative cultural evolution has occurred in the learned songs of Savannah sparrows. In a first step, “click trains” replaced “high note clusters” over a period of three decades. We use mathematical modelling to show that this replacement is consistent with the action of selection, rather than drift or frequency-dependent bias. Generations later, young birds elaborated the “click train” …

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Correction: Home Sweet Home: Spatiotemporal Distribution And Site Fidelity Of The Reef Manta Ray (Mobula Alfredi) In Dungonab Bay, Sudan (Movement Ecology, (2022), 10, 1, (22), 10.1186/S40462-022-00314-9), Anna M. Knochel, Nigel E. Hussey, Steven T. Kessel, Camrin D. Braun, Jesse E.M. Cochran, Graham Hill, Rebecca Klaus, Tarik Checkchak, Nasereldin M. Elamin El Hassen, Mohammed Younnis, Michael L. Berumen Dec 2022

Correction: Home Sweet Home: Spatiotemporal Distribution And Site Fidelity Of The Reef Manta Ray (Mobula Alfredi) In Dungonab Bay, Sudan (Movement Ecology, (2022), 10, 1, (22), 10.1186/S40462-022-00314-9), Anna M. Knochel, Nigel E. Hussey, Steven T. Kessel, Camrin D. Braun, Jesse E.M. Cochran, Graham Hill, Rebecca Klaus, Tarik Checkchak, Nasereldin M. Elamin El Hassen, Mohammed Younnis, Michael L. Berumen

Integrative Biology Publications

Following publication of the original article [1], it was noted that due to a typesetting error, a duplicated version of Figure 6 was published as Figure 5. The correct Figure 5 has been included in this Correction and the original article has been corrected. The publisher apologises to the authors and readers for the inconvenience caused by the error.

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Cumulative Cultural Evolution And Mechanisms For Cultural Selection In Wild Bird Songs, Heather Williams, Andrew Scharf, Anna R. Ryba, D. Ryan Norris, Daniel J. Mennill, Amy E.M. Newman, Stéphanie M. Doucet, Julie C. Blackwood Dec 2022

Cumulative Cultural Evolution And Mechanisms For Cultural Selection In Wild Bird Songs, Heather Williams, Andrew Scharf, Anna R. Ryba, D. Ryan Norris, Daniel J. Mennill, Amy E.M. Newman, Stéphanie M. Doucet, Julie C. Blackwood

Integrative Biology Publications

Cumulative cultural evolution, the accumulation of sequential changes within a single socially learned behaviour that results in improved function, is prominent in humans and has been documented in experimental studies of captive animals and managed wild populations. Here, we provide evidence that cumulative cultural evolution has occurred in the learned songs of Savannah sparrows. In a first step, “click trains” replaced “high note clusters” over a period of three decades. We use mathematical modelling to show that this replacement is consistent with the action of selection, rather than drift or frequency-dependent bias. Generations later, young birds elaborated the “click train” …

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Home Sweet Home: Spatiotemporal Distribution And Site Fidelity Of The Reef Manta Ray (Mobula Alfredi) In Dungonab Bay, Sudan, Anna M. Knochel, Nigel E. Hussey, Steven T. Kessel, Camrin D. Braun, Jesse E.M. Cochran, Graham Hill, Rebecca Klaus, Tarik Checkchak, Nasereldin M. Elamin El Hassen, Mohammed Younnis, Michael L. Berumen Dec 2022

Home Sweet Home: Spatiotemporal Distribution And Site Fidelity Of The Reef Manta Ray (Mobula Alfredi) In Dungonab Bay, Sudan, Anna M. Knochel, Nigel E. Hussey, Steven T. Kessel, Camrin D. Braun, Jesse E.M. Cochran, Graham Hill, Rebecca Klaus, Tarik Checkchak, Nasereldin M. Elamin El Hassen, Mohammed Younnis, Michael L. Berumen

Integrative Biology Publications

Background: Reef manta ray (Mobula alfredi) populations along the Northeastern African coastline are poorly studied. Identifying critical habitats for this species is essential for future research and conservation efforts. Dungonab Bay and Mukkawar Island National Park (DMNP), a component of a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Sudan, hosts the largest known M. alfredi aggregation in the Red Sea. Methods: A total of 19 individuals were tagged using surgically implanted acoustic tags and tracked within DMNP on an array of 15 strategically placed acoustic receivers in addition to two offshore receivers. Two of these acoustically monitored M. alfredi were also equipped …

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A Nanodiamond Chemotherapeutic Folate Receptor-Targeting Prodrug With Triggerable Drug Release, Jiangtao Wu, Xiangbin Du, Dongmei Zhang, Jicheng Cui, Xiaoxia Zhang, Xine Duan, John F. Trant, Yingqi Li Nov 2022

A Nanodiamond Chemotherapeutic Folate Receptor-Targeting Prodrug With Triggerable Drug Release, Jiangtao Wu, Xiangbin Du, Dongmei Zhang, Jicheng Cui, Xiaoxia Zhang, Xine Duan, John F. Trant, Yingqi Li

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

No abstract provided.

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Decadal Migration Phenology Of A Long-Lived Arctic Icon Keeps Pace With Climate Change, Courtney R. Shuert, Marianne Marcoux, Nigel E. Hussey, Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen, Rune Dietz, Marie Auger-Méthé Nov 2022

Decadal Migration Phenology Of A Long-Lived Arctic Icon Keeps Pace With Climate Change, Courtney R. Shuert, Marianne Marcoux, Nigel E. Hussey, Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen, Rune Dietz, Marie Auger-Méthé

Integrative Biology Publications

Animals migrate in response to seasonal environments, to reproduce, to benefit from resource pulses, or to avoid fluctuating hazards. Although climate change is predicted to modify migration, only a few studies to date have demonstrated phenological shifts in marine mammals. In the Arctic, marine mammals are considered among the most sensitive to ongoing climate change due to their narrow habitat preferences and long life spans. Longevity may prove an obstacle for species to evolutionarily respond. For species that exhibit high site fidelity and strong associations with migration routes, adjusting the timing of migration is one of the few recourses available …

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Vitamin E Does Not Disturb Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Lipid Domains, Mitchell Dipasquale, Michael H.L. Nguyen, Stuart R. Castillo, Isabelle J. Dib, Elizabeth G. Kelley, Drew Marquardt Nov 2022

Vitamin E Does Not Disturb Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Lipid Domains, Mitchell Dipasquale, Michael H.L. Nguyen, Stuart R. Castillo, Isabelle J. Dib, Elizabeth G. Kelley, Drew Marquardt

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

The function of vitamin E in biomembranes remains a prominent topic of discussion. As its limitations as an antioxidant persist and novel functions are discovered, our understanding of the role of vitamin E becomes increasingly enigmatic. As a group of lipophilic molecules (tocopherols and tocotrienols), vitamin E has been shown to influence the properties of its host membrane, and a wealth of research has connected vitamin E to polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) lipids. Here, we use contrast-matched small-angle neutron scattering and differential scanning calorimetry to integrate these fields by examining the influence of vitamin E on lipid domain stability in …

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Technoscience And The Modernization Of Freshwater Fisheries Assessment And Management, S. J. Cooke, M. F. Docker, N. E. Mandrak, N. Young, D. D. Heath, K. M. Jeffries, A. Howarth, J. W. Brownscombe, J. Livernois, C. A.D. Semeniuk, P. A. Venturelli, A. J. Danylchuk, R. J. Lennox, I. Jarić, A. T. Fisk, C. S. Vandergoot, J. R. Britton, A. M. Muir Nov 2022

Technoscience And The Modernization Of Freshwater Fisheries Assessment And Management, S. J. Cooke, M. F. Docker, N. E. Mandrak, N. Young, D. D. Heath, K. M. Jeffries, A. Howarth, J. W. Brownscombe, J. Livernois, C. A.D. Semeniuk, P. A. Venturelli, A. J. Danylchuk, R. J. Lennox, I. Jarić, A. T. Fisk, C. S. Vandergoot, J. R. Britton, A. M. Muir

Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications

Inland fisheries assessment and management are challenging given the inherent complexity of working in diverse habitats (e.g., rivers, lakes, wetlands) that are dynamic on organisms that are often cryptic and where fishers are often highly mobile. Yet, technoscience is offering new tools that have the potential to reimagine how inland fisheries are assessed and managed. So-called “technoscience” refers to instances in which science and technology unfurl together, offering novel ways of spurring and achieving meaningful change. This paper considers the role of technoscience and its potential for modernizing the assessment and management of inland fisheries. It first explores technoscience and …

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Empirically Testing The Influence Of Light Regime On Diel Activity Patterns In A Marine Predator Reveals Complex Interacting Factors Shaping Behaviour, Luke Storrie, Nigel E. Hussey, Shannon A. Macphee, Greg O'Corry-Crowe, John Iacozza, David G. Barber, Lisa L. Loseto Nov 2022

Empirically Testing The Influence Of Light Regime On Diel Activity Patterns In A Marine Predator Reveals Complex Interacting Factors Shaping Behaviour, Luke Storrie, Nigel E. Hussey, Shannon A. Macphee, Greg O'Corry-Crowe, John Iacozza, David G. Barber, Lisa L. Loseto

Integrative Biology Publications

Diel cycles in marine predator diving behaviour centre around the light-mediated diel vertical migration (DVM) of prey, and are considered critical for optimizing foraging and limiting competition across global seascapes. Yet, our understanding of predator diel behaviour is based primarily on examining relative depth usage between constant day/night cycles with no formal investigation of how varying light regimes interact with abiotic factors to shape diel activity. The extreme seasonal light regimes (midnight sun, polar night, day/night cycle) in the Arctic provide a unique natural experimental setting to empirically investigate the occurrence and intensity of diel behaviour in marine predators relative …

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Multi-Year Acoustic Tracking Reveals Transient Movements, Recurring Hotspots, And Apparent Seasonality In The Coastal-Offshore Presence Of Greenland Sharks (Somniosus Microcephalus), Jena E. Edwards, Kevin J. Hedges, Steven T. Kessel, Nigel E. Hussey Sep 2022

Multi-Year Acoustic Tracking Reveals Transient Movements, Recurring Hotspots, And Apparent Seasonality In The Coastal-Offshore Presence Of Greenland Sharks (Somniosus Microcephalus), Jena E. Edwards, Kevin J. Hedges, Steven T. Kessel, Nigel E. Hussey

Integrative Biology Publications

Variable movement strategies can complicate the conservation and management of mobile species. Given its extreme life history traits as a long-lived, deep-water species, the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) is vulnerable to fisheries bycatch, but little is known over its long-term movements across a spatially and seasonally variable Arctic environment. To address this knowledge gap, the movements of Greenland sharks in coastal fjords and offshore waters of Baffin Bay were examined using seven years of acoustic telemetry data. Seasonal patterns in broad-scale movements and inshore-offshore connectivity were compared among 155 sharks (101 males, 54 females [mean LT = 2.65 ± 0.48 …

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Partial Volumes Of Phosphatidylcholines And Vitamin E: Α-Tocopherol Prefers Disordered Membranes, Mitchell Dipasquale, Michael H.L. Nguyen, Georg Pabst, Drew Marquardt Sep 2022

Partial Volumes Of Phosphatidylcholines And Vitamin E: Α-Tocopherol Prefers Disordered Membranes, Mitchell Dipasquale, Michael H.L. Nguyen, Georg Pabst, Drew Marquardt

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

Despite its discovery over 95 years ago, the biological and nutritional roles of vitamin E remain subjects of much controversy. Though it is known to possess antioxidant properties, recent assertions have implied that vitamin E may not be limited to this function in living systems. Through densitometry measurements and small-angle X-ray scattering we observe favorable interactions between α-tocopherol and unsaturated phospholipids, with more favorable interactions correlating to an increase in lipid chain unsaturation. Our data provide evidence that vitamin E may preferentially associate with oxygen sensitive lipids-an association that is considered innate for a viable membrane antioxidant.

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Innovating Transcriptomics For Practitioners In Freshwater Fish Management And Conservation: Best Practices Across Diverse Resource-Sector Users, C. A.D. Semeniuk, K. M. Jeffries, T. Li, C. M. Bettles, S. J. Cooke, B. A. Dufour, E. A. Halfyard, J. W. Heath, K. Keeshig, N. E. Mandrak, A. J. Muir, L. Postma, D. D. Heath Sep 2022

Innovating Transcriptomics For Practitioners In Freshwater Fish Management And Conservation: Best Practices Across Diverse Resource-Sector Users, C. A.D. Semeniuk, K. M. Jeffries, T. Li, C. M. Bettles, S. J. Cooke, B. A. Dufour, E. A. Halfyard, J. W. Heath, K. Keeshig, N. E. Mandrak, A. J. Muir, L. Postma, D. D. Heath

Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications

Thriving freshwater fish populations contribute to people’s economic prosperity and wellbeing. Yet, freshwater fish populations are in critical condition around the globe. Most stressors to freshwater fishes, fisheries, and culture stem from habitat impacts, water-quality issues, and aquatic invasive species. Logistical difficulties of monitoring fish health are compounded by the limitations of conventional (capture-based) sampling methods, which provide only a temporal “snapshot” and generate data lacking in sensitivity and prognostic ability. Here, we propose an innovative genomics approach to develop a health toolkit that will allow resource-sector users to determine the health status of freshwater fishes, including their coping capacity, …

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Distinct Freshwater Migratory Pathways In Arctic Char (Salvelinus Alpinus) Coincide With Separate Patterns Of Marine Spatial Habitat-Use Across A Large Coastal Landscape, Jack Hollins, Harri Pettitt-Wade, Colin P. Gallagher, Ellen V. Lea, Lisa L. Loseto, Nigel E. Hussey Sep 2022

Distinct Freshwater Migratory Pathways In Arctic Char (Salvelinus Alpinus) Coincide With Separate Patterns Of Marine Spatial Habitat-Use Across A Large Coastal Landscape, Jack Hollins, Harri Pettitt-Wade, Colin P. Gallagher, Ellen V. Lea, Lisa L. Loseto, Nigel E. Hussey

Integrative Biology Publications

Understanding variability in distributions and habitat-use among populations of anadromous salmonids is essential for their sustainable management. Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) is an important cultural and socioeconomic species; however, knowledge of their spatiotemporal habitat-use during the marine phase is limited. Here, a large-scale acoustic telemetry array was used to determine intraspecific variation in Arctic char summer marine habitat-use tied to overwintering lake occurrence in the Amundsen Gulf. Arctic char tagged in the ocean migrated to two main overwintering lakes, corresponding to distinct migration corridors and separate patterns of marine habitat-use, with one individual exhibiting among the longest recorded char marine …

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Novel Quinoline-Derived Chemosensors: Synthesis, Anion Recognition, Spectroscopic, And Computational Study†, Tahira Saleem, Samra Khan, Muhammad Yaqub, Muhammad Khalid, Muhammad Islam, Muhammad Yousaf Ur Rehman, Muhammad Rashid, Iqra Shafiq, Ataualpa A. C. Braga, Asad Syed, Ali H. Bahkali, John F. Trant, Zahid Shafiq Aug 2022

Novel Quinoline-Derived Chemosensors: Synthesis, Anion Recognition, Spectroscopic, And Computational Study†, Tahira Saleem, Samra Khan, Muhammad Yaqub, Muhammad Khalid, Muhammad Islam, Muhammad Yousaf Ur Rehman, Muhammad Rashid, Iqra Shafiq, Ataualpa A. C. Braga, Asad Syed, Ali H. Bahkali, John F. Trant, Zahid Shafiq

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

Fluorescent-small molecules offer an excellent source of chemosensors when optimized for detection of anions with sensitivity and selectivity, low-cost and robust synthesis. In the present study we synthesized new quinoline-based chemosensors (4a–e) via the one-pot multi component reaction and confirmed their potential for chemosensory via cyclic voltammetry. 4a–e were tested for ligand–anion interaction against F−, OAc−, Br−, ClO3, I−, HSO4−, CN−, ClO4− and SCN-ions, by using UV-visible, colorimetry and Fluorescence. The NH deprotonation was observed as the mechanism of anion interaction via FTIR and H1NMR spectroscopies. Benesi–Hildebrand plot was drawn to calculate binding constants and limit of detection was also …

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Diving Into The Vertical Dimension Of Elasmobranch Movement Ecology, Samantha Andrzejaczek, Tim C.D. Lucas, Maurice C. Goodman, Nigel E. Hussey, Amelia J. Armstrong, Aaron Carlisle, Daniel M. Coffey, Adrian C. Gleiss, Charlie Huveneers, David M.P. Jacoby, Mark G. Meekan, Johann Mourier, Lauren R. Peel, Kátya Abrantes, André S. Afonso, Matthew J. Ajemian, Brooke N. Anderson, Scot D. Anderson, Gonzalo Araujo, Asia O. Armstrong Aug 2022

Diving Into The Vertical Dimension Of Elasmobranch Movement Ecology, Samantha Andrzejaczek, Tim C.D. Lucas, Maurice C. Goodman, Nigel E. Hussey, Amelia J. Armstrong, Aaron Carlisle, Daniel M. Coffey, Adrian C. Gleiss, Charlie Huveneers, David M.P. Jacoby, Mark G. Meekan, Johann Mourier, Lauren R. Peel, Kátya Abrantes, André S. Afonso, Matthew J. Ajemian, Brooke N. Anderson, Scot D. Anderson, Gonzalo Araujo, Asia O. Armstrong

Integrative Biology Publications

Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and …

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A Revised Synthesis Of 6-Alkoxy-2-Aminopurines With Late-Stage Convergence Allowing For Increased Molecular Complexity†, Lavleen Mader, John J. Hayward, Lisa A. Porter, John F. Trant Aug 2022

A Revised Synthesis Of 6-Alkoxy-2-Aminopurines With Late-Stage Convergence Allowing For Increased Molecular Complexity†, Lavleen Mader, John J. Hayward, Lisa A. Porter, John F. Trant

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

6-Alkoxy-2-aminopurine derivatives are potent inhibitors of Cyclin Dependent Kinases (CDKs), with some selectivity towards CDK2 and thus have potential as cancer therapeutics. Development of these inhibitors for targeting CDK2-cyclin A/E complexes has previously involved a thorough investigation of structure activity relationships of the C-2 amine moiety. However, the established synthesis of these compounds, which uses the alcohol reagent as solvent, limits the complexity of the O-6 functionality which is required for more selective targeting. Herein we report an improved and refocused synthesis of a model CDK2 inhibitor (NU6247), affording convenient access to inhibitors with O-6 substituents whose parent alcohol is …

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Migration Patterns Of Greenland Halibut In The North Atlantic Revealed By A Compiled Mark-Recapture Dataset, Mikko Vihtakari, Bjarki Pór Elvarsson, Margaret Treble, Adriana Nogueira, Kevin Hedges, Nigel E. Hussey, Laura Wheeland, Denis Roy, Lise Helen Ofstad, Elvar H. Hallfredsson, Amanda Barkley, Daniel Estevez-Barcia, Rasmus Nygaard, Brian Healey, Petur Steingrund, Torild Johansen, Ole Thomas Albert, Jesper Boje Aug 2022

Migration Patterns Of Greenland Halibut In The North Atlantic Revealed By A Compiled Mark-Recapture Dataset, Mikko Vihtakari, Bjarki Pór Elvarsson, Margaret Treble, Adriana Nogueira, Kevin Hedges, Nigel E. Hussey, Laura Wheeland, Denis Roy, Lise Helen Ofstad, Elvar H. Hallfredsson, Amanda Barkley, Daniel Estevez-Barcia, Rasmus Nygaard, Brian Healey, Petur Steingrund, Torild Johansen, Ole Thomas Albert, Jesper Boje

Integrative Biology Publications

Marine fisheries are often allocated to stocks that reflect pragmatic considerations and may not represent the species' spatial population structure, increasing the risk of mismanagement and unsustainable harvesting. Here we compile mark-recapture data collected across the North Atlantic to gain insight into the spatial population structure of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides), an issue that has been unresolved for decades. The dataset contains 168130 fish tagged from 1952 to 2021, with 5466 (3.3%) recaptured individuals. Our results indicate that fish tagged at rates, suggesting that mark-recapture studies on adult individuals underestimate population-level migration rates. We find evidence for migrations across management …

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The Interaction Of Deep Eutectic Solvents With Pristine Carbon Nanotubes And Their Associated Defects: A Density Functional Theory Study, Hamid Reza Ghenaatian, Mehdi Shakourian-Fard, Ganesh Kamath, John F. Trant, Farouq S. Mjalli Jul 2022

The Interaction Of Deep Eutectic Solvents With Pristine Carbon Nanotubes And Their Associated Defects: A Density Functional Theory Study, Hamid Reza Ghenaatian, Mehdi Shakourian-Fard, Ganesh Kamath, John F. Trant, Farouq S. Mjalli

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

In this study, the interaction of four deep eutectic solvents (DESs): [Choline chloride][Urea] ([ChCl][U]), [Choline chloride][Ethylene glycol] ([ChCl][EG]), [Choline chloride][Glycerol] ([ChCl][Gly]) and [Choline chloride][Benzoic acid] ([ChCl][BA]), with pristine carbon nanotube (CNT) and its defects: double-vacancy and Stone–Wales structures (CNT-DV and CNT-SW) is investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The geometry optimization, electronic property calculations, noncovalent interaction analysis and optical properties of the DES@nanotube complexes were carried out at the M06-2X/cc-pVDZ level of theory. The adsorption energy (Eads) calculations show that the presence of the DV and SW defects on the CNT increases the adsorption strength of the DESs, DES@CNT-SW …

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The Total Synthesis Of Glycolipids From Streptococcus Pneumoniae And A Re-Evaluation Of Their Immunological Activity**, Seyed Iraj Sadraei, Greg Yousif, S. Maryamdokht Taimoory, Maryam Kosar, Samaneh Mehri, Raghd Alolabi, Emmanuel Igbokwe, Jason Toma, Mir Munir A. Rahim, John F. Trant Jul 2022

The Total Synthesis Of Glycolipids From Streptococcus Pneumoniae And A Re-Evaluation Of Their Immunological Activity**, Seyed Iraj Sadraei, Greg Yousif, S. Maryamdokht Taimoory, Maryam Kosar, Samaneh Mehri, Raghd Alolabi, Emmanuel Igbokwe, Jason Toma, Mir Munir A. Rahim, John F. Trant

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

Invariant natural killer (iNK) T cells, Type I iNKTs, are responsible for the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines which induce a systemic immune response. They are distinctive in possessing an semi-invariant T-cell receptor that recognizes glycolipid antigens presented by CD1d, a protein closely related to the class I major histocompatibility complex, conserved across multiple mammalian species in a class of proteins well-renowned for their high degree of polymorphism. This receptor's first potent identified antigen is the α-galactosylceramide, KRN7000, a synthetic glycosphingolipid closely related to those isolated from bacteria that were found on a Japanese marine sponge. A corresponding terrestrial antigen remained …

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The Interaction And Orientation Of Peptide Kl4 In Model Membranes, Drew Marquardt, Brad Van Oosten, Maksymilian Dziura, Joanna R. Long, Thad A. Harroun Jul 2022

The Interaction And Orientation Of Peptide Kl4 In Model Membranes, Drew Marquardt, Brad Van Oosten, Maksymilian Dziura, Joanna R. Long, Thad A. Harroun

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

We report on the orientation and location of synthetic pulmonary surfactant peptide KL4, (KLLLL)4K, in model lipid membranes. The partitioning depths of selectively deuterated leucine residues within KL4 were determined in DPPC:POPG (4:1) and POPC:POPG (4:1) bilayers by oriented neutron diffraction. These measurements were combined with an NMR-generated model of the peptide structure to determine the orientation and partitioning of the peptide at the lipid–water interface. The results demonstrate KL4 adopting an orientation that interacts with a single membrane leaflet. These observations are consistent with past 2H NMR and EPR studies (Antharam et al., 2009; Turner et al., 2014).

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Metatranscriptomic Sequencing Of Winter And Spring Planktonic Communities From Lake Erie, A Laurentian Great Lake, Brittany N. Zepernick, Elizabeth R. Denison, Justin D. Chaffin, George S. Bullerjahn, Christa P. Pennacchio, Thijs Frenken, Daniel H. Peck, James T. Anderson, Derek Niles, Arthur Zastepa, R. L.Michael Mckay, Steven W. Wilhelm Jul 2022

Metatranscriptomic Sequencing Of Winter And Spring Planktonic Communities From Lake Erie, A Laurentian Great Lake, Brittany N. Zepernick, Elizabeth R. Denison, Justin D. Chaffin, George S. Bullerjahn, Christa P. Pennacchio, Thijs Frenken, Daniel H. Peck, James T. Anderson, Derek Niles, Arthur Zastepa, R. L.Michael Mckay, Steven W. Wilhelm

Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications

Previous reports suggest planktonic and under-ice winter microbial communities in Lake Erie are dominated by diatoms. Here, we report the assembled metatranscriptomes of 79 Lake Erie surface water microbial communities spanning both the winter (28 samples) and spring (51 samples) months over spatial, temporal, and climatic gradients in 2019 through 2020.

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Metagenomics Of Wastewater Influent From Wastewater Treatment Facilities Across Ontario In The Era Of Emerging Sars-Cov-2 Variants Of Concern, Opeyemi U. Lawal, Linkang Zhang, Valeria R. Parreira, R. Stephen Brown, Charles Chettleburgh, Nora Dannah, Robert Delatolla, Kimberly A. Gilbride, Tyson E. Graber, Golam Islam, James Knockleby, Sean Ma, Hanlan Mcdougall, R. Michael Mckay, Aleksandra Mloszewska, Claire Oswald, Mark Servos, Megan Swinwood-Sky Jul 2022

Metagenomics Of Wastewater Influent From Wastewater Treatment Facilities Across Ontario In The Era Of Emerging Sars-Cov-2 Variants Of Concern, Opeyemi U. Lawal, Linkang Zhang, Valeria R. Parreira, R. Stephen Brown, Charles Chettleburgh, Nora Dannah, Robert Delatolla, Kimberly A. Gilbride, Tyson E. Graber, Golam Islam, James Knockleby, Sean Ma, Hanlan Mcdougall, R. Michael Mckay, Aleksandra Mloszewska, Claire Oswald, Mark Servos, Megan Swinwood-Sky

Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications

We report metagenomic sequencing analyses of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in composite wastewater influent from 10 regions in Ontario, Canada, during the transition between Delta and Omicron variants of concern. The Delta and Omicron BA.1/BA.1.1 and BA.2-defining mutations occurring in various frequencies were reported in the consensus and subconsensus sequences of the composite samples.

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Satellite-Tracked Sperm Whale Migrates From The Canadian Arctic To The Subtropical Western North Atlantic, Kyle J. Lefort, Nigel E. Hussey, Joshua M. Jones, Kelsey F. Johnson, Steven H. Ferguson Jul 2022

Satellite-Tracked Sperm Whale Migrates From The Canadian Arctic To The Subtropical Western North Atlantic, Kyle J. Lefort, Nigel E. Hussey, Joshua M. Jones, Kelsey F. Johnson, Steven H. Ferguson

Integrative Biology Publications

No abstract provided.

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Guest-Mediated Self-Assembly Of Deprotonated 2-Bromoresorcinarenes, Kwaku Twum, Khai-Nghi Truong, Frank Boateng Osei, Carolina Von Essen, Sanaz Nadimi, John F. Trant, Kari Rissanen, Ngong Kodiah Beyeh Jul 2022

Guest-Mediated Self-Assembly Of Deprotonated 2-Bromoresorcinarenes, Kwaku Twum, Khai-Nghi Truong, Frank Boateng Osei, Carolina Von Essen, Sanaz Nadimi, John F. Trant, Kari Rissanen, Ngong Kodiah Beyeh

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

Doubly and triply deprotonated 2-bromo-C-alkylresorcinarene anions form host–guest complexes with both tetramethylammonium cations and bis-protonated dimethyl piperazine cations. The trianion forms a fully closed dimeric capsule with one endo- and two exo-cavity bis-protonated dimethyl piperazine cations. Interestingly, the dianion crystallized from a mixture of the 2-bromo-C-methylresorcinarene, dimethylethylenediamine, and tetramethylammonium chloride forms a nanotube consisting of only the 2-bromo-C-methylresorcinarene anion and the tetramethylammonioum cation. The nanotube has an exo-functionalized anionic hydrophilic outer surface that interacts with cationic guests and a hydrophobic interior channel. Solution studies support the deprotonation and the formation of these …

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Probing The Link Between Pancratistatin And Mitochondrial Apoptosis Through Changes In The Membrane Dynamics On The Nanoscale, Stuart R. Castillo, Brett W. Rickeard, Mitchell Dipasquale, Michael H.L. Nguyen, Aislyn Lewis-Laurent, Milka Doktorova, Batuhan Kav, Markus S. Miettinen, Michihiro Nagao, Elizabeth G. Kelley, Drew Marquardt Jun 2022

Probing The Link Between Pancratistatin And Mitochondrial Apoptosis Through Changes In The Membrane Dynamics On The Nanoscale, Stuart R. Castillo, Brett W. Rickeard, Mitchell Dipasquale, Michael H.L. Nguyen, Aislyn Lewis-Laurent, Milka Doktorova, Batuhan Kav, Markus S. Miettinen, Michihiro Nagao, Elizabeth G. Kelley, Drew Marquardt

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

Pancratistatin (PST) is a natural antiviral alkaloid that has demonstrated specificity toward cancerous cells and explicitly targets the mitochondria. PST initiates apoptosis while leaving healthy, noncancerous cells unscathed. However, the manner by which PST induces apoptosis remains elusive and impedes the advancement of PST as a natural anticancer therapeutic agent. Herein, we use neutron spin-echo (NSE) spectroscopy, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and supporting small angle scattering techniques to study PST's effect on membrane dynamics using biologically representative model membranes. Our data suggests that PST stiffens the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) by being preferentially associated with cardiolipin, which would lead to …

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