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Articles 1 - 30 of 38
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Feather Corticosterone Reveals Effect Of Moulting Conditions In The Autumn On Subsequent Reproductive Output And Survival In An Arctic Migratory Bird, N. Jane Harms, Pierre Legagneux, H. Grant Gilchrist, Joël Bêty, Oliver P. Love, Mark R. Forbes, Gary R. Bortolotti, Catherine Soos
Feather Corticosterone Reveals Effect Of Moulting Conditions In The Autumn On Subsequent Reproductive Output And Survival In An Arctic Migratory Bird, N. Jane Harms, Pierre Legagneux, H. Grant Gilchrist, Joël Bêty, Oliver P. Love, Mark R. Forbes, Gary R. Bortolotti, Catherine Soos
Integrative Biology Publications
For birds, unpredictable environments during the energetically stressful times of moulting and breeding are expected to have negative fitness effects. Detecting those effects however, might be difficult if individuals modulate their physiology and/or behaviours in ways to minimize short-term fitness costs. Corticosterone in feathers (CORTf) is thought to provide information on total baseline and stress-induced CORT levels at moulting and is an integrated measure of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity during the time feathers are grown.We predicted that CORTf levels in northern common eider females would relate to subsequent body condition, reproductive success and survival, in a population of eiders nesting in the …
Odd-Even Effects In Charge Transport Across N-Alkanethiolate-Based Sams, Mostafa Baghbanzadeh, Felice C. Simeone, Carleen M. Bowers, Kung Ching Liao, Martin Thuo, Mahdi Baghbanzadeh, Michael S. Miller, Tricia Breen Carmichael, George M. Whitesides
Odd-Even Effects In Charge Transport Across N-Alkanethiolate-Based Sams, Mostafa Baghbanzadeh, Felice C. Simeone, Carleen M. Bowers, Kung Ching Liao, Martin Thuo, Mahdi Baghbanzadeh, Michael S. Miller, Tricia Breen Carmichael, George M. Whitesides
Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications
This paper compares rates of charge transport across self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of n-alkanethiolates having odd and even numbers of carbon atoms (nodd and neven) using junctions with the structure MTS/SAM//Ga2O3/EGaIn (M = Au or Ag). Measurements of current density, J(V), across SAMs of n-alkanethiolates on AuTS and AgTS demonstrated a statistically significant odd-even effect on AuTS, but not on AgTS, that could be detected using this technique. Statistical analysis showed the values of tunneling current density across SAMs of n-alkanethiolates on AuTS with nodd and neven belonging to two separate sets, and while there is a significant difference between the …
Ultrasmooth Gold Surfaces Prepared By Chemical Mechanical Polishing For Applications In Nanoscience, Michael S. Miller, Michael Anthony Ferrato, Adrian Niec, Mark C. Biesinger, Tricia Breen Carmichael
Ultrasmooth Gold Surfaces Prepared By Chemical Mechanical Polishing For Applications In Nanoscience, Michael S. Miller, Michael Anthony Ferrato, Adrian Niec, Mark C. Biesinger, Tricia Breen Carmichael
Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications
For over 20 years, template stripping has been the best method for preparing ultrasmooth metal surfaces for studies of nanostructures. However, the organic adhesives used in the template stripping method are incompatible with many solvents, limiting the conditions that may subsequently be used to prepare samples; in addition, the film areas that can be reliably prepared are typically limited to ∼1 cm2. In this article, we present chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) as an adhesive-free, scalable method of preparing ultrasmooth gold surfaces. In this process, a gold film is first deposited by e-beam evaporation onto a 76-mm-diameter silicon wafer. The CMP process …
Activated Cyclopropanes: A Remarkable Breadth Of Recent Chemistry, James R. Green, Victor Snieckus
Activated Cyclopropanes: A Remarkable Breadth Of Recent Chemistry, James R. Green, Victor Snieckus
Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications
The reactions of cyclopropanes activated by electron-withdrawing groups and electron-donating groups – donor–acceptor (DA) cyclopropanes – and with alkenyl or alkylidene substituents has been an area of recent intense research activity. This Cluster contains contributions from many of the leading research groups in this area, and provides a concise introduction to the rich ring-opening, ring-expansion, dimerization, and cycloaddition chemistry of these compounds.
Synthesis Of Tenuifolin Via Intramolecular Nicholas Reaction, Sinisa Djurdjevic, James R. Green
Synthesis Of Tenuifolin Via Intramolecular Nicholas Reaction, Sinisa Djurdjevic, James R. Green
Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications
The synthesis of the Cinnamomum homosesquiterpenoid tenuifolin has been accomplished by way of an intramolecular Nicholas reaction of the [Co2(CO)6] complex of an alkyne-substituted biaryl for construction of the seven-membered ring. The cyclization features the reaction of a nonactivated arene ring with the propargyldicobalt cation to give the dibenzocycloheptyne-Co2(CO)6.
The Potential Of Quinoline Derivatives For The Treatment Of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection., Sirinart Ananvoranich
The Potential Of Quinoline Derivatives For The Treatment Of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection., Sirinart Ananvoranich
Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications
Here we reported our investigation, as part of our drug repositioning effort, on anti-Toxoplasma properties of newly synthesized quinoline compounds. A collection of 4-aminoquinoline and 4-piperazinylquinoline analogs have recently been synthesized for use in cancer chemotherapy. Some analogs were able to outperform chloroquine, a quinoline derivative drug which is commonly used in the treatment of malaria and other parasitic infections. Herein 58 compounds containing one or two quinoline rings were examined for their effectiveness as potential anti-Toxoplasma compounds. Of these 58 compounds, 32 were efficient at inhibiting Toxoplasma growth (IC50μM). Five compounds with single and simple quinoline rings exhibited similar …
A Multi-Scale Computational Study On The Mechanism Of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Nicotinamidase (Spnic), Bogdan F. Ion, Erum Kazim, James Gauld
A Multi-Scale Computational Study On The Mechanism Of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Nicotinamidase (Spnic), Bogdan F. Ion, Erum Kazim, James Gauld
Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications
Nicotinamidase (Nic) is a key zinc-dependent enzyme in NAD metabolism that catalyzes the hydrolysis of nicotinamide to give nicotinic acid. A multi-scale computational approach has been used to investigate the catalytic mechanism, substrate binding and roles of active site residues of Nic from Streptococcus pneumoniae (SpNic). In particular, density functional theory (DFT), molecular dynamics (MD) and ONIOM quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods have been employed. The overall mechanism occurs in two stages: (i) formation of a thioester enzyme-intermediate (IC2) and (ii) hydrolysis of the thioester bond to give the products. The polar protein environment has a significant effect in stabilizing …
Variation In Plasma Corticosterone In Migratory Songbirds: A Test Of The Migration-Modulation Hypothesis, Dominique N. Wagner, David J. Green, John M. Cooper, Oliver P. Love, Tony D. Williams
Variation In Plasma Corticosterone In Migratory Songbirds: A Test Of The Migration-Modulation Hypothesis, Dominique N. Wagner, David J. Green, John M. Cooper, Oliver P. Love, Tony D. Williams
Integrative Biology Publications
Physiological mechanisms underlying migration remain poorly understood, but recent attention has focused on the role of the glucocorticoid hormone corticosterone (CORT) as a key endocrine regulator of migration. The migrationmodulation hypothesis (MMH) proposes that baseline plasma CORT levels are elevated in migratory birds to facilitate hyperphagia and lipogenesis and that further elevation of CORT in response to acute stress is suppressed. Consequently, CORT may be a poor indicator of individual condition or environmental variation in migratory birds. We tested the MMH by measuring baseline and stress-induced CORT in common yellowthroats (Geothlypis trichas) during fall migration over 2 consecutive years in …
Abundance And Diversity Of Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea And Bacteria In Sediments Of Trophic End Members Of The Laurentian Great Lakes, Erie And Superior, Annette Bollmann, George S. Bullerjahn, Robert Michael Mckay
Abundance And Diversity Of Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea And Bacteria In Sediments Of Trophic End Members Of The Laurentian Great Lakes, Erie And Superior, Annette Bollmann, George S. Bullerjahn, Robert Michael Mckay
Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications
Ammonia oxidation is the first step of nitrification carried out by ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (AOA) and Bacteria (AOB). Lake Superior and Erie are part of the Great Lakes system differing in trophic status with Lake Superior being oligotrophic and Lake Erie meso- to eutrophic. Sediment samples were collected from both lakes and used to characterize abundance and diversity of AOA and AOB based on the ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) gene. Diversity was accessed by a pyro-sequencing approach and the obtained sequences were used to determine the phylogeny and alpha and beta diversity of the AOA and AOB populations. In Lake Erie copy …
Spatial Variability In Iron Nutritional Status Of Large Diatoms In The Sea Of Okhotsk With Special Reference To The Amur River Discharge, K. Suzuki, A. Hattori-Saito, Y. Sekiguchi, J. Nishioka, M. Shigemitsu, T. Isada, H. Liu, R. M.L. Mckay
Spatial Variability In Iron Nutritional Status Of Large Diatoms In The Sea Of Okhotsk With Special Reference To The Amur River Discharge, K. Suzuki, A. Hattori-Saito, Y. Sekiguchi, J. Nishioka, M. Shigemitsu, T. Isada, H. Liu, R. M.L. Mckay
Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications
The Sea of Okhotsk is known as one of the most biologically productive regions among the world's oceans, and its productivity is supported in part by the discharge of iron (Fe)-rich water from the Amur River. However, little is known about the effect of riverine-derived Fe input on the physiology of the large diatoms which often flourish in surface waters of the productive continental shelf region. We conducted diatom-specific immunochemical ferredoxin (Fd) and flavodoxin (Fld) assays in order to investigate the spatial variability of Fe nutritional status in the microplankton-sized (20-200 1/4m; hereafter micro-sized) diatoms. The Fd index, defined as …
The Last Frontier: Catch Records Of White Sharks (Carcharodon Carcharias) In The Northwest Pacific Ocean, Heather M. Christianson, Victor Lin, Sho Tanaka, Anatoly Velikanov, Henry F. Mollet, Sabine T. Wintner, Sonja V. Fordham, Aaron T. Fisk, Nigel E. Hussey
The Last Frontier: Catch Records Of White Sharks (Carcharodon Carcharias) In The Northwest Pacific Ocean, Heather M. Christianson, Victor Lin, Sho Tanaka, Anatoly Velikanov, Henry F. Mollet, Sabine T. Wintner, Sonja V. Fordham, Aaron T. Fisk, Nigel E. Hussey
Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications
White sharks are highly migratory apex predators, globally distributed in temperate, sub-tropical, and tropical waters. Knowledge of white shark biology and ecology has increased recently based on research at known aggregation sites in the Indian, Atlantic, and Northeast Pacific Oceans; however, few data are available for the Northwest Pacific Ocean. This study provides a meta-analysis of 240 observations of white sharks from the Northwest Pacific Ocean between 1951 and 2012. Records comprise reports of bycatch in commercial fisheries, media accounts, personal communications, and documentation of shark-human interactions from Russia (n = 8), Republic of Korea (22), Japan (129), China (32), …
Seasonal Changes In Microbial Community Structure And Activity Imply Winter Production Is Linked To Summer Hypoxia In A Large Lake, Steven W. Wilhelm, Gary R. Lecleir, George S. Bullerjahn, Robert M. Mckay, Matthew A. Saxton, Michael R. Twiss, Richard A. Bourbonniere
Seasonal Changes In Microbial Community Structure And Activity Imply Winter Production Is Linked To Summer Hypoxia In A Large Lake, Steven W. Wilhelm, Gary R. Lecleir, George S. Bullerjahn, Robert M. Mckay, Matthew A. Saxton, Michael R. Twiss, Richard A. Bourbonniere
Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications
Carbon and nutrient cycles in large temperate lakes such as Lake Erie are primarily driven by phototrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms, although our understanding of these is often constrained to late spring through summer due to logistical constraints. During periods of > 90% ice cover in February of 2008, 2009, and 2010, we collected samples from an icebreaker for an examination of bacterial production as well as microbial community structure. In comparison with summer months (August 2002 and 2010), we tested hypotheses concerning seasonal changes in microbial community diversity and production. Bacterial production estimates were c. 2 orders of magnitude higher (volume …
Novel Analogue Of Colchicine Induces Selective Pro-Death Autophagy And Necrosis In Human Cancer Cells, Kristen Elizabeth Larocque, Pamela Ovadje, Sinisa Djurdjevic, Mariam Mehdi, James R. Green, Siyaram Pandey
Novel Analogue Of Colchicine Induces Selective Pro-Death Autophagy And Necrosis In Human Cancer Cells, Kristen Elizabeth Larocque, Pamela Ovadje, Sinisa Djurdjevic, Mariam Mehdi, James R. Green, Siyaram Pandey
Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications
Colchicine, a natural product of Colchicum autumnae currently used for gout treatment, is a tubulin targeting compound which inhibits microtubule formation by targeting fast dividing cells. This tubulin-targeting property has lead researchers to investigate the potential of colchicine and analogs as possible cancer therapies. One major study conducted on an analogue of allocolchicine, ZD 6126, was halted in phase 2 clinical trials due to severe cardio-toxicity associated with treatment. This study involves the development and testing of novel allocolchicine analogues that hold non-toxic anti-cancer properties. Currently we have synthesized and evaluated the anti-cancer activities of two analogues; N-acetyl-O-methylcolchinol (NSC 51046 …
Acoustic Monitoring Of Nocturnally Migrating Birds Accurately Assesses The Timing And Magnitude Of Migration Through The Great Lakes, Claire E. Sanders, Daniel J. Mennill
Acoustic Monitoring Of Nocturnally Migrating Birds Accurately Assesses The Timing And Magnitude Of Migration Through The Great Lakes, Claire E. Sanders, Daniel J. Mennill
Biological Sciences Publications
Tracking the movements of migratory songbirds poses many challenges because much of their journey takes place at night. One promising technique for studying migratory birds relies on microphones to record the nocturnal flight calls produced by birds on the wing. We compared recordings of night flight calls with bird-banding data in a southern Great Lakes ecosystem. We collected > 6,200 hr of nocturnal recordings at 7 locations around Lake Erie. We detected > 60,000 flight calls from migratory birds and classified 45,775 calls to species level or to a bioacoustic category comprising several species with similar calls. We compared these acoustic data …
Acoustic Monitoring Of Migratory Birds Over Western Lake Erie: Avian Responses To Barriers And The Importance Of Islands, Claire E. Sanders, Daniel J. Mennill
Acoustic Monitoring Of Migratory Birds Over Western Lake Erie: Avian Responses To Barriers And The Importance Of Islands, Claire E. Sanders, Daniel J. Mennill
Biological Sciences Publications
Understanding the flight patterns of migrating birds is critical for informing conservation actions and management decisions. We studied the geographic and temporal distribution of birds migrating through the southern Great Lakes using nocturnal acoustic monitoring data and banding records from sites on Pelee Island in Lake Erie and on the mainland along the north shore of Lake Erie. Given that Lake Erie may represent an ecological barrier to migratory birds, we predicted that mainland and island sites would show different patterns in both the number of passage migrants and the timing of their migration. Analysis of over 60,000 flight calls …
Assemblage Structure: An Overlooked Component Of Human-Mediated Species Movements Among Freshwater Ecosystems, D. Andrew R. Drake, Farrah T. Chan, Elizabeta Briski, Sarah A. Bailey, Hugh J. Macisaac
Assemblage Structure: An Overlooked Component Of Human-Mediated Species Movements Among Freshwater Ecosystems, D. Andrew R. Drake, Farrah T. Chan, Elizabeta Briski, Sarah A. Bailey, Hugh J. Macisaac
Biological Sciences Publications
The spread and impact of alien species among freshwater ecosystems has increased with global trade and human movement; therefore, quantifying the role of anthropogenic and ecological factors that increase the risk of invasion is an important conservation goal. Two factors considered as null models when assessing the potential for invasion are colonization pressure (i.e., the number of species introduced) and propagule pressure [i.e., the number (propagule size), and frequency (propagule number), of individuals of each species introduced]. We translate the terminology of species abundance distributions to the invasion terminology of propagule size and colonization size (PS and CS, respectively). We …
Bag6/Bat3 Modulates Autophagy By Affecting Ep300/P300 Intracellular Localization, Salwa Sebti, Christine Prebois, Esther Perez-Gracia, Chantal Bauvy, Fabienne Desmots, Nelly Pirot, Celine Gongora, Anne-Sophie Bach, Andrew V. Hubberstey, Valerie Palissot, Guy Berchem, Patrice Codogno, Laetitia K. Linares, Emmanuelle Liaudet-Coopman, Sophie Pattingre
Bag6/Bat3 Modulates Autophagy By Affecting Ep300/P300 Intracellular Localization, Salwa Sebti, Christine Prebois, Esther Perez-Gracia, Chantal Bauvy, Fabienne Desmots, Nelly Pirot, Celine Gongora, Anne-Sophie Bach, Andrew V. Hubberstey, Valerie Palissot, Guy Berchem, Patrice Codogno, Laetitia K. Linares, Emmanuelle Liaudet-Coopman, Sophie Pattingre
Biological Sciences Publications
We recently reported that BAG6/BAT3 (BCL2-associated athanogene 6) is essential for basal and starvation-induced autophagy in E18.5 bag6−/− mouse embryos and in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) through the modulation of the EP300/p300-dependent acetylation of TRP53 and autophagy-related (ATG) proteins. We observed that BAG6 increases TRP53 acetylation during starvation and pro-autophagic TRP53-target gene expression. BAG6 also decreases the EP300 dependent-acetylation of ATG5, ATG7, and LC3-I, posttranslational modifications that inhibit autophagy. In addition, in the absence of BAG6 or when using a mutant of BAG6 exclusively located in the cytoplasm, autophagy is inhibited, ATG7 is hyperacetylated, TRP53 acetylation is abrogated, and EP300 …
Bat3 Modulates P300-Dependent Acetylation Of P53 And Autophagy-Related Protein 7 (Atg7) During Autophagy, Salwa Sebti, Christine Prebois, Esther Perez-Gracia, Chantal Bauvy, Fabienne Desmots, Nelly Pirot, Celine Gongora, Anne-Sophie Bach, Andrew V. Hubberstey, Valerie Palissot, Guy Berchem, Patrice Codogno, Laetitia K. Linares, Emmanuelle Liaudet-Coopman, Sophie Pattingre
Bat3 Modulates P300-Dependent Acetylation Of P53 And Autophagy-Related Protein 7 (Atg7) During Autophagy, Salwa Sebti, Christine Prebois, Esther Perez-Gracia, Chantal Bauvy, Fabienne Desmots, Nelly Pirot, Celine Gongora, Anne-Sophie Bach, Andrew V. Hubberstey, Valerie Palissot, Guy Berchem, Patrice Codogno, Laetitia K. Linares, Emmanuelle Liaudet-Coopman, Sophie Pattingre
Biological Sciences Publications
Autophagy is regulated by posttranslational modifications, including acetylation. Here we show that HLA-B–associated transcript 3 (BAT3) is essential for basal and starvation-induced autophagy in embryonic day 18.5 BAT3−/− mouse embryos and in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) through the modulation of p300-dependent acetylation of p53 and ATG7. Specifically, BAT3 increases p53 acetylation and proautophagic p53 target gene expression, while limiting p300-dependent acetylation of ATG7, a mechanism known to inhibit autophagy. In the absence of BAT3 or when BAT3 is located exclusively in the cytosol, autophagy is abrogated, ATG7 is hyperacetylated, p53 acetylation is abolished, and p300 accumulates in the cytosol, indicating …
Capacity Building In Stakeholders Around Detroit River Fish Consumption Advisory Issues, Donna R. Kashian, Ann E. Krause, Sano, Larissa Sano, Larissa, Branda Nowell, Ken G. Drouillard
Capacity Building In Stakeholders Around Detroit River Fish Consumption Advisory Issues, Donna R. Kashian, Ann E. Krause, Sano, Larissa Sano, Larissa, Branda Nowell, Ken G. Drouillard
Biological Sciences Publications
Abstract The Detroit River is an international water body that has several fish consumption advisories for contaminants that affect human health and economic revenue for the USA and Canada. Despite the importance of these advisories, little progress has been made in developing effective management strategies or coordinating monitoring, research, and policy efforts between the 2 nations. We engaged 44 stakeholder organizations to increase community capacity on these issues for the Detroit River. We assessed capacity with key informant interviews and a network survey. Our analysis identified weak ties in information sharing and collaboration between countries. We used this information to …
Congruence Of Community Thresholds In Response To Anthropogenic Stress In Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands, K. E. Kovalenko, V. J. Brady, T. N. Brown, Jan J.H. Ciborowski, N. P. Danz, J. P. Gathman, G. E. Host, R. W. Howe, L. B. Johnson, G. J. Niemi, E. D. Reavie
Congruence Of Community Thresholds In Response To Anthropogenic Stress In Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands, K. E. Kovalenko, V. J. Brady, T. N. Brown, Jan J.H. Ciborowski, N. P. Danz, J. P. Gathman, G. E. Host, R. W. Howe, L. B. Johnson, G. J. Niemi, E. D. Reavie
Biological Sciences Publications
No abstract provided.
Dog-Walking Behaviours Affect Gastrointestinal Parasitism In Park-Attending Dogs, Anya F. Smith, Christina A. D. Semeniuk, Susan J. Kutz, Alessandro Massolo
Dog-Walking Behaviours Affect Gastrointestinal Parasitism In Park-Attending Dogs, Anya F. Smith, Christina A. D. Semeniuk, Susan J. Kutz, Alessandro Massolo
Biological Sciences Publications
In urban parks, dogs, wildlife and humans can be sympatric, introducing the potential for inter- and intra-specific transmission of pathogens among hosts. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of zoonotic and non-zoonotic gastrointestinal parasites in dogs in Calgary city parks, and assess if dog-walking behaviour, park management, history of veterinary care, and dog demographics were associated with parasitism in dogs
Environmental Indicators For The Coastal Region Of The U.S. Great Lakes, Gerald J. Niemi, Richard P. Axler, Valerie Brady, John Brazner, Terry Brown, Jan J.H. Ciborowski, Nick Danz, Joann M. Hanowski, Thomas Hollenhorst, Robert Howe, Lucinda B. Johnson, Carol J. Johnston, Euan Reavie, Matthew Simcik, Deborah L. Swackhamer
Environmental Indicators For The Coastal Region Of The U.S. Great Lakes, Gerald J. Niemi, Richard P. Axler, Valerie Brady, John Brazner, Terry Brown, Jan J.H. Ciborowski, Nick Danz, Joann M. Hanowski, Thomas Hollenhorst, Robert Howe, Lucinda B. Johnson, Carol J. Johnston, Euan Reavie, Matthew Simcik, Deborah L. Swackhamer
Biological Sciences Publications
The goal of this research collaboration was to develop indicators that both estimate environmental condition and suggest plausible causes of ecosystem degradation in the coastal region of the U.S. Great Lakes. The collaboration consisted of 8 broad components, each of which generated different types of environmental responses and characteristics of the coastal region. These indicators included biotic communities of amphibians, birds, diatoms, fish, macroinvertebrates, and wetland plants as well as indicators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) photo-induced toxicity and landscape characterization. These components are summarized below and discussed in more detailed in 5 separate reports (Section II). Stress gradients within …
Functional Changes In Littoral Macroinvertebrate Communities In Response To Watershed-Level Anthropogenic Stress, Katya E. Kovalenko, Valerie J. Brady, Jan J.H. Ciborowski, Sergey Ilyushkin, Lucinda B. Johnson
Functional Changes In Littoral Macroinvertebrate Communities In Response To Watershed-Level Anthropogenic Stress, Katya E. Kovalenko, Valerie J. Brady, Jan J.H. Ciborowski, Sergey Ilyushkin, Lucinda B. Johnson
Biological Sciences Publications
Watershed-scale anthropogenic stressors have profound effects on aquatic communities. Although several functional traits of stream macroinvertebrates change predictably in response to land development and urbanization, little is known about macroinvertebrate functional responses in lakes. We assessed functional community structure, functional diversity (Rao’s quadratic entropy) and voltinism in macroinvertebrate communities sampled across the full gradient of anthropogenic stress in Laurentian Great Lakes coastal wetlands. Functional diversity and voltinism significantly decreased with increasing development, whereas agriculture had smaller or non-significant effects. Functional community structure was affected by watershed-scale development, as demonstrated by an ordination analysis followed by regression. Because functional community structure …
Influence Of Artifact Removal On Rare Species Recovery In Natural Complex Communities Using High-Throughput Sequencing, Aibin Zhan, Wei Xiong, Song He, Hugh J. Macisaac
Influence Of Artifact Removal On Rare Species Recovery In Natural Complex Communities Using High-Throughput Sequencing, Aibin Zhan, Wei Xiong, Song He, Hugh J. Macisaac
Biological Sciences Publications
Large-scale high-throughput sequencing techniques are rapidly becoming popular methods to profile complex communities and have generated deep insights into community biodiversity. However, several technical problems, especially sequencing artifacts such as nucleotide calling errors, could artificially inflate biodiversity estimates. Sequence filtering for artifact removal is a conventional method for deleting error-prone sequences from high-throughput sequencing data. As rare species represented by low-abundance sequences in datasets may be sensitive to artifact removal process, the influence of artifact removal on rare species recovery has not been well evaluated in natural complex communities. Here we employed both internal (reliable operational taxonomic units selected from …
Local Application Of Sodium Salicylate Enhances Auditory Responses In The Rat’S Dorsal Cortex Of The Inferior Colliculus, Chirag R. Patel, Huiming Zhang
Local Application Of Sodium Salicylate Enhances Auditory Responses In The Rat’S Dorsal Cortex Of The Inferior Colliculus, Chirag R. Patel, Huiming Zhang
Biological Sciences Publications
Sodium salicylate (SS) is a widely used medication with side effects on hearing. In order to understand these side effects, we recorded sound-driven local-field potentials in a neural structure, the dorsal cortex of the inferior colliculus (ICd). Using a microiontophoretic technique, we applied SS at sites of recording and studied how auditory responses were affected by the drug. Furthermore, we studied how the responses were affected by combined local application of SS and an agonists/antagonist of the type-A or type-B γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAA or GABAB receptor). Results revealed that SS applied alone enhanced auditory responses in the ICd, indicating …
Movement, Depth And Temperature Preferences Of An Important Bycatch Species, Arctic Skate Amblyraja Hyperborea, In Cumberland Sound, Canadian Arctic, I. Peklova, N. E. Hussey, Hedges, K.J. Hedges, K.J., M. A. Treble, A. T. Fisk
Movement, Depth And Temperature Preferences Of An Important Bycatch Species, Arctic Skate Amblyraja Hyperborea, In Cumberland Sound, Canadian Arctic, I. Peklova, N. E. Hussey, Hedges, K.J. Hedges, K.J., M. A. Treble, A. T. Fisk
Biological Sciences Publications
No abstract provided.
No Selection On Immunological Markers In Response To A Highly Virulent Pathogen In An Arctic Breeding Bird, Pierre Legagneux, Lisha L. Berzins, Mark Forbes, Naomi Jane Harms, Holly L. Hennin, Sophie Bourgeon, H. G. Gilchrist, Joel Bety, Catherine Soos, Oliver P. Love, Jeffrey T. Foster, Sebastien Descamps, Gary Burness
No Selection On Immunological Markers In Response To A Highly Virulent Pathogen In An Arctic Breeding Bird, Pierre Legagneux, Lisha L. Berzins, Mark Forbes, Naomi Jane Harms, Holly L. Hennin, Sophie Bourgeon, H. G. Gilchrist, Joel Bety, Catherine Soos, Oliver P. Love, Jeffrey T. Foster, Sebastien Descamps, Gary Burness
Biological Sciences Publications
In natural populations, epidemics provide opportunities to look for intense natural selection on genes coding for life history and immune or other physiological traits. If the populations being considered are of management or conservation concern, then identifying the traits under selection (or ‘markers’) might provide insights into possible intervention strategies during epidemics. We assessed potential for selection on multiple immune and life history traits of Arctic breeding common eiders (Somateria mollissima) during annual avian cholera outbreaks (summers of 2006, 2007 & 2008). We measured prelaying body condition, immune traits, and subsequent reproductive investment (i.e., clutch size) and survival of female …
P53-Dependent And Cell Specific Epigenetic Regulation Of The Polo-Like Kinases Under Oxidative Stress, Alejandra Ward, John W. Hudson
P53-Dependent And Cell Specific Epigenetic Regulation Of The Polo-Like Kinases Under Oxidative Stress, Alejandra Ward, John W. Hudson
Biological Sciences Publications
The polo-like kinase (PLKs) family, consisting of five known members, are key regulators of important cell cycle processes, which include mitotic entry, centrosome duplication, spindle assembly, and cytokinesis. The PLKs have been implicated in a variety of cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with PLK1 typically overexpressed and PLKs 2–5 often downregulated. Altered expression of the PLKs in malignancy is often correlated with aberrant promoter methylation. Epigenetic marks are dynamic and can be modified in response to external environmental stimuli. The aim of our study was to determine if oxidative stress, a common feature of solid tumours, would induce changes …
Phylogenies Of Microcystin-Producing Cyanobacteria In The Lower Laurentian Great Lakes Suggest Extensive Genetic Connectivity, Timothy W. Davis, Susan B. Watson, Mark J. Rozmarynowycz, Jan J.H. Ciborowski, Robert Michael Mckay, George S. Bullerjahn
Phylogenies Of Microcystin-Producing Cyanobacteria In The Lower Laurentian Great Lakes Suggest Extensive Genetic Connectivity, Timothy W. Davis, Susan B. Watson, Mark J. Rozmarynowycz, Jan J.H. Ciborowski, Robert Michael Mckay, George S. Bullerjahn
Biological Sciences Publications
No abstract provided.
Tackling Invasive Alien Species In Europe: The Top 20 Issues, J. M. Caffrey, J. R. Baars, J. H. Barbour, P. Boets, P. Boon, K. Davenport, J. T.A. Dick, J. Early, L. Edsman, C. Gallagher, J. Gross, P. Heinimaa, C. Horrill, S. Hudin, Hugh J. Macissac
Tackling Invasive Alien Species In Europe: The Top 20 Issues, J. M. Caffrey, J. R. Baars, J. H. Barbour, P. Boets, P. Boon, K. Davenport, J. T.A. Dick, J. Early, L. Edsman, C. Gallagher, J. Gross, P. Heinimaa, C. Horrill, S. Hudin, Hugh J. Macissac
Biological Sciences Publications
Globally, Invasive Alien Species (IAS) are considered to be one of the major threats to native biodiversity, with the World Conservation Union (IUCN) citing their impacts as ‘immense, insidious, and usually irreversible’. It is estimated that 11% of the c. 12,000 alien species in Europe are invasive, causing environmental, economic and social damage; and it is reasonable to expect that the rate of biological invasions into Europe will increase in the coming years. In order to assess the current position regarding IAS in Europe and to determine the issues that were deemed to be most important or critical regarding these …