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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Between-Year Survival And Rank Transitions In Male Black-Capped Chickadees (Poecile Atricapillus): A Multistate Modeling Approach, Kristin A. Schubert, Daniel J. Mennill, Scott M. Ramsay, Ken A. Otter, Laurene M. Ratcliffe, Cornelia Kraus
Between-Year Survival And Rank Transitions In Male Black-Capped Chickadees (Poecile Atricapillus): A Multistate Modeling Approach, Kristin A. Schubert, Daniel J. Mennill, Scott M. Ramsay, Ken A. Otter, Laurene M. Ratcliffe, Cornelia Kraus
Biological Sciences Publications
In dominance-structured animal societies, variation in individual fitness is often related to social status. Like many passerine birds, Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) have a short average adult life-expectancy (∼2 years); however, the maximum recorded life span is > 5× as long. Enhanced annual survival could contribute to greater lifetime reproductive success for male Black-capped Chickadees with high social rank. We used multistate capture-mark-recapture models to estimate annual survival of male Black-capped Chickadees in Ontario using resighting and recapture data collected from 1997 to 2002. Our goal was to evaluate support for an influence of rank on annual survival and estimate its …
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Ballast Water Exchange Policy In The Great Lakes, Anthony Ricciardi, Hugh J. Macisaac
Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Ballast Water Exchange Policy In The Great Lakes, Anthony Ricciardi, Hugh J. Macisaac
Biological Sciences Publications
No abstract provided.
Individual Variation And Lek-Based Vocal Distinctiveness In Songs Of The Screaming Piha (Lipaugus Vociferans), A Suboscine Songbird, Lauren P. Fitzsimmons, Nicole K. Barker, Daniel J. Mennill
Individual Variation And Lek-Based Vocal Distinctiveness In Songs Of The Screaming Piha (Lipaugus Vociferans), A Suboscine Songbird, Lauren P. Fitzsimmons, Nicole K. Barker, Daniel J. Mennill
Biological Sciences Publications
One long-standing ornithological paradigm holds that song learning in oscine songbirds has a cultural component, whereas suboscine songbirds inherit songs genetically. Recent studies reveal that suboscine song may be more variable and complex than previously realized. Several suboscine species show marked individual variation in their songs-variation that may play a role in individual recognition and neighbor-stranger discrimination-and a few suboscine species show indications of song learning. We investigated individual variation in the vocalizations of a suboscine passerine, the Screaming Piha (Lipaugus vociferans), from recordings of 26 males at four lek sites along the Tambopata River in Peru. Male Screaming Piha …
Photoferrotrophs Thrive In An Archean Ocean Analogue, S. A. Crowe, C. Jones, S. Katsev, C. Magen, A. H. O'Neill, A. Sturm, D. E. Canfield, G. Douglas Haffner, A. Mucci, B. Sundby, D. A. Fowle
Photoferrotrophs Thrive In An Archean Ocean Analogue, S. A. Crowe, C. Jones, S. Katsev, C. Magen, A. H. O'Neill, A. Sturm, D. E. Canfield, G. Douglas Haffner, A. Mucci, B. Sundby, D. A. Fowle
Biological Sciences Publications
No abstract provided.
Sex‐Specific Variability In The Immune System Across Life‐History Stages., Oliver P. Love, Katrina G. Salvante, James Dale, Tony D. Williams
Sex‐Specific Variability In The Immune System Across Life‐History Stages., Oliver P. Love, Katrina G. Salvante, James Dale, Tony D. Williams
Biological Sciences Publications
Organisms theoretically manage their immune systems optimally across their life spans to maximize fitness. However, we lack information on (1) how the immune system is managed across life‐history stages, (2) whether the sexes manage immunity differentially, and (3) whether immunity is repeatable within an individual. We present a within‐individual, repeated‐measures experiment examining life‐history stage variation in the inflammatory immune response in the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata). In juveniles, age‐dependent variation in immune response differed in a sex‐ and context‐specific manner, resulting in no repeatability across stages. In adults, females displayed little stage‐dependent variation in immune response when laying while receiving …
The Adaptive Value Of Stress‐Induced Phenotypes: Effects Of Maternally Derived Corticosterone On Sex‐Biased Investment, Cost Of Reproduction, And Maternal Fitness., Oliver P. Love, Tony D. Williams
The Adaptive Value Of Stress‐Induced Phenotypes: Effects Of Maternally Derived Corticosterone On Sex‐Biased Investment, Cost Of Reproduction, And Maternal Fitness., Oliver P. Love, Tony D. Williams
Biological Sciences Publications
The question of why maternal stress influences offspring phenotype is of significant interest to evolutionary physiologists. Although embryonic exposure to maternally derived glucocorticoids (i.e., corticosterone) generally reduces offspring quality, effects may adaptively match maternal quality with offspring demand. We present results from an interannual field experiment in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) designed explicitly to examine the fitness consequences of exposing offspring to maternally derived stress hormones. We combined a manipulation of yolk corticosterone (yolk injections) with a manipulation of maternal chick‐rearing ability (feather clipping of mothers) to quantify the adaptive value of corticosterone‐induced offspring phenotypes in relation to maternal quality. …
The Influence Of Anthropogenic Disturbance And Environmental Suitability On The Distribution Of The Nonindigenous Amphipod Echinogammarus Ischnus At Laurentian Great Lakes Coastal Margins, Stephen R. Schneider
The Influence Of Anthropogenic Disturbance And Environmental Suitability On The Distribution Of The Nonindigenous Amphipod Echinogammarus Ischnus At Laurentian Great Lakes Coastal Margins, Stephen R. Schneider
Biological Sciences Publications
No abstract provided.
Why Are Salmon Eggs Red? Egg Carotenoids And Early Life Survival Of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha), Selene T. Tyndale, Robert J. Letcher, John W. Heath, Daniel D. Heath
Why Are Salmon Eggs Red? Egg Carotenoids And Early Life Survival Of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha), Selene T. Tyndale, Robert J. Letcher, John W. Heath, Daniel D. Heath
Biological Sciences Publications
No abstract provided.
Vocal Behavior Of The Critically Endangered Niceforo's Wren (Thryothorus Nicefori), Sandra Valderrama, Jorge E. Parra, Nicolás Dávila, Daniel J. Mennill
Vocal Behavior Of The Critically Endangered Niceforo's Wren (Thryothorus Nicefori), Sandra Valderrama, Jorge E. Parra, Nicolás Dávila, Daniel J. Mennill
Biological Sciences Publications
Niceforo's Wren (Thryothorus nicefori) is a critically endangered songbird endemic to dry forests of the Chicamocha Valley in central Colombia. Discovered in 1946 and "red-listed" by the IUCN since 1988, Niceforo's Wren faces a threat of extinction because of its limited habitat range and increasing deforestation for agriculture and livestock. This species has been poorly studied, and its vocal behavior is yet undescribed. We provide the first description of the vocalizations of Niceforo's Wren, based on analyses of recordings from 29 individuals (more than half of all estimated living individuals of this species). We examined the fine structure of their …
Human Monocytes Augment Invasiveness And Proteolytic Activity Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer, Mona Mostafa Mohamed, Dora Cavallo-Medved, Bonnie F. Sloane
Human Monocytes Augment Invasiveness And Proteolytic Activity Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer, Mona Mostafa Mohamed, Dora Cavallo-Medved, Bonnie F. Sloane
Biological Sciences Publications
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer, and here, we examined in vitro the interactions between the human IBC cell line SUM149 and U937 human naive monocytes. We found an altered morphology, enhanced invasiveness and proteolytic activity of SUM149 cells when cultured with U937 cells or in U937-conditioned media (U937-CM). Increases in expression and activity of the cysteine protease cathepsin B and expression of caveolin-1 were also detected in SUM149 cells grown in U937-CM, thus suggesting a contribution of these proteins to the augmented invasion through and proteolysis of the extracellular matrix by the IBC …
Functional Live-Cell Imaging Demonstrates That Beta1-Integrin Promotes Type Iv Collagen Degradation By Breast And Prostate Cancer Cells., Mansoureh Sameni, Julie Dosescu, Kenneth M. Yamada, Dora Cavallo-Medved, Bonnie F. Sloane
Functional Live-Cell Imaging Demonstrates That Beta1-Integrin Promotes Type Iv Collagen Degradation By Breast And Prostate Cancer Cells., Mansoureh Sameni, Julie Dosescu, Kenneth M. Yamada, Dora Cavallo-Medved, Bonnie F. Sloane
Biological Sciences Publications
The ability of tumor cells to adhere to, migrate on, and remodel extracellular matrices is mediated by cell surface receptors such as beta1-integrins. Here we conducted functional live-cell imaging in real time to investigate the effects of modulating beta1-integrin expression and function on proteolytic remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Human breast and prostate cancer cells were grown on reconstituted basement membrane containing a quenched fluorescent form of collagen IV. Generation of cleavage products and the resulting increases in fluorescence were imaged and quantified. Decreases in the expression and activity of beta1-integrin reduced digestion of quenched fluorescent-collagen IV by the breast …
Caveolin-1-Mediated Expression And Secretion Of Kallikrein 6 In Colon Cancer Cells., Rebecca S. Henkhaus, Upal Kunal Basu Roy, Dora Cavallo-Medved, Bonnie F. Sloane
Caveolin-1-Mediated Expression And Secretion Of Kallikrein 6 In Colon Cancer Cells., Rebecca S. Henkhaus, Upal Kunal Basu Roy, Dora Cavallo-Medved, Bonnie F. Sloane
Biological Sciences Publications
Kallikreins are secreted proteases that may play a functional role and/or serve as a serum biomarker for the presence or progression of certain types of cancers. Kallikrein 6 (KLK6) has been shown to be upregulated in several types of cancers, including colon. The aims of this study were to elucidate pathways that influence KLK6 gene expression and KLK6 protein secretion in the HCT116 human colon cancer cells. Our data indicate a central role for caveolin-1 (CAV-1), the main structural protein of caveolae, in both KLK6 gene expression and protein secretion. Sucrose gradient subcellular fractionation reveals that CAV-1 and KLK6 colocalize …
An Introduction To Genetic Quality In The Context Of Sexual Selection, Trevor E. Pitcher, Herman L. Mays
An Introduction To Genetic Quality In The Context Of Sexual Selection, Trevor E. Pitcher, Herman L. Mays
Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research Publications
This special issue of Genetica brings together empirical researchers and theoreticians to present the latest on the evolutionary ecology of genetic quality in the context of sexual selection. The work comes from different fields of study including behavioral ecology, quantitative genetics and molecular genetics on a diversity of organisms using different approaches from comparative studies, mathematical modeling, field studies and laboratory experiments. The papers presented in this special issue primarily focus on genetic quality in relation to ( 1) sources of genetic variation, ( 2) polyandry, ( 3) new theoretical developments and ( 4) comprehensive reviews.
Youth Ice Hockey Coaches' Perceptions Of A Team-Building Intervention Program, Julie Newin, Gordon A. Bloom, Todd M. Loughead
Youth Ice Hockey Coaches' Perceptions Of A Team-Building Intervention Program, Julie Newin, Gordon A. Bloom, Todd M. Loughead
Human Kinetics Publications
The purpose of the current study was to explain youth ice hockey coaches’ perceptions of the effectiveness of a team-building intervention program. Eight Peewee-level hockey coaches implemented the same team-building activities with their teams throughout the regular season. Data were gathered using 3 methods. Specifically, coaches answered questions on a pre-and postintervention form after each team-building activity, coaches’ behaviors were observed by members of the research team, and each coach completed a semistructured exit interview after the completion of the regular season. Results highlighted the benefits of the team-building intervention program. Specifically, coaches felt athletes enjoyed this experience and improved …
A Season-Long Team-Building Intervention: Examining The Effect Of Team Goal Setting On Cohesion, Julie Senecal, Todd M. Loughead, Gordon A. Bloom
A Season-Long Team-Building Intervention: Examining The Effect Of Team Goal Setting On Cohesion, Julie Senecal, Todd M. Loughead, Gordon A. Bloom
Human Kinetics Publications
The purpose of the current study was to determine whether the implementation of a season-long team-building intervention program using team goal setting increased perceptions of cohesion. The participants were 86 female high school basketball players from 8 teams. The teams were randomly assigned to either an experimental team goal–setting or control condition. Each participant completed the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ; Carron, Brawley, & Widmeyer, 2002; Carron, Widmeyer, & Brawley, 1985), which assessed cohesion at both the beginning and end of the season. Overall, the results revealed a significant multivariate effect, Pillai’s trace F(12, 438) = 2.68, p = .002. Post …
Communicating With Young People In The Sport Industry: Practitioners Insight, Laura Wood, Marijke Taks, Karen Danylchuk
Communicating With Young People In The Sport Industry: Practitioners Insight, Laura Wood, Marijke Taks, Karen Danylchuk
Human Kinetics Publications
No abstract provided.
How Visitors And Locals At A Sport Event Differ In Motives And Identity, Ryan Snelgrove, Marijke Taks, Laurence Chalip, B. Christine Green
How Visitors And Locals At A Sport Event Differ In Motives And Identity, Ryan Snelgrove, Marijke Taks, Laurence Chalip, B. Christine Green
Human Kinetics Publications
Although the literature on events differentiates between locals, casual attendees, and those who have travelled specifically to attend the event, little is known about how the types of attendee differ. This study compared the fan motivation, leisure motivation, and identification with the subculture of athletics reported by a sample (N = 777) of attendees at the 2005 Pan American Junior Athletics Championships. Age, gender, and income were also included. Regression analyses were used to determine the structure of relations among the variables, and to ascertain whether the levels of motivation or identity varied among the three types of attendee. Tests …
La Consommation Sportive: État De Lieux, Fabien Ohl, Marijke Taks
La Consommation Sportive: État De Lieux, Fabien Ohl, Marijke Taks
Human Kinetics Publications
Our purpose is to offer a state of the art sport consumption. The impact of globalization, cultural changes, trends in diffusion, emotional and experimental dimensions of sport consumption are discussed. As for other consumption, the diversity of sport consumers, as well as the importance of the contexts of sports consumptions do, not allow to present a unified theorectical framework but urges, on the contrary, to present humble axiomatics.