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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Pcaanalyser: A 2d-Image Analysis Based Module For Effective Determination Of Prostate Cancer Progression In 3d Culture, Md Tamjidul Hoque, Louisa C. E. Windus, Carrie J. Lovitt, Vicky M. Avery Nov 2013

Pcaanalyser: A 2d-Image Analysis Based Module For Effective Determination Of Prostate Cancer Progression In 3d Culture, Md Tamjidul Hoque, Louisa C. E. Windus, Carrie J. Lovitt, Vicky M. Avery

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cell based assays for Prostate Cancer (PCa) research are rapidly becoming the preferred alternative to that of conventional 2D monolayer cultures. 3D assays more precisely mimic the microenvironment found in vivo, and thus are ideally suited to evaluate compounds and their suitability for progression in the drug discovery pipeline. To achieve the desired high throughput needed for most screening programs, automated quantification of 3D cultures is required. Towards this end, this paper reports on the development of a prototype analysis module for an automated high-content-analysis (HCA) system, which allows for accurate and fast investigation of …


Adenosine Triphosphate (Atp) Is A Candidate Signaling Molecule In The Mitochondria-To-Nucleus Retrograde Response Pathway, Zhengchang Liu, Feng Zhang, Janet Thornton, Tammy Pracheil Mar 2013

Adenosine Triphosphate (Atp) Is A Candidate Signaling Molecule In The Mitochondria-To-Nucleus Retrograde Response Pathway, Zhengchang Liu, Feng Zhang, Janet Thornton, Tammy Pracheil

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Intracellular communication from the mitochondria to the nucleus is achieved via the retrograde response. In budding yeast, the retrograde response, also known as the RTG pathway, is regulated positively by Rtg1, Rtg2, Rtg3 and Grr1 and negatively by Mks1, Lst8 and two 14-3-3 proteins, Bmh1/2. Activation of retrograde signaling leads to activation of Rtg1/3, two basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factors. Rtg1/3 activation requires Rtg2, a cytoplasmic protein with an N-terminal adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding domain belonging to the actin/Hsp70/sugar kinase superfamily. The critical regulatory step of the retrograde response is the interaction between Rtg2 and Mks1. Rtg2 binds to …


Adenosine Triphosphate (Atp) Is A Candidate Signaling Molecule In The Mitochondria-To-Nucleus Retrograde Response Pathway, Feng Zhang, Tammy Pracheil, Janet Thornton, Zhengchang Liu Mar 2013

Adenosine Triphosphate (Atp) Is A Candidate Signaling Molecule In The Mitochondria-To-Nucleus Retrograde Response Pathway, Feng Zhang, Tammy Pracheil, Janet Thornton, Zhengchang Liu

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Intracellular communication from the mitochondria to the nucleus is achieved via the retrograde response. In budding yeast, the retrograde response, also known as the RTG pathway, is regulated positively by Rtg1, Rtg2, Rtg3 and Grr1 and negatively by Mks1, Lst8 and two 14-3-3 proteins, Bmh1/2. Activation of retrograde signaling leads to activation of Rtg1/3, two basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factors. Rtg1/3 activation requires Rtg2, a cytoplasmic protein with an N-terminal adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding domain belonging to the actin/Hsp70/sugar kinase superfamily. The critical regulatory step of the retrograde response is the interaction between Rtg2 and Mks1. Rtg2 binds to …


Mitochondrial Dna Instability In Cells Lacking Aconitase Correlates With Iron Citrate Toxicity, Muhammad A. Farooq, Tammy M. Pracheil, Zhejun Dong, Fei Xiao, Zhengchang Liu Jan 2013

Mitochondrial Dna Instability In Cells Lacking Aconitase Correlates With Iron Citrate Toxicity, Muhammad A. Farooq, Tammy M. Pracheil, Zhejun Dong, Fei Xiao, Zhengchang Liu

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Aconitase, the second enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle encoded by ACO1 in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, catalyzes the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. aco1 Delta results in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) instability. It has been proposed that Aco1 binds to mtDNA and mediates its maintenance. Here we propose an alternative mechanism to account for mtDNA loss in aco1 Delta mutant cells. We found that aco1 Delta activated the RTG pathway, resulting in increased expression of genes encoding citrate synthase. By deleting RTG1, RTG3, or genes encoding citrate synthase, mtDNA instability was prevented in aco1 Delta mutant …


Mitochondrial Dna Instability In Cells Lacking Aconitase Correlates With Iron Citrate Toxicity, Zhengchang Liu, Fei Xiao, Zhejun Dong, Tammy Pracheil, Muhammad Farooq Jan 2013

Mitochondrial Dna Instability In Cells Lacking Aconitase Correlates With Iron Citrate Toxicity, Zhengchang Liu, Fei Xiao, Zhejun Dong, Tammy Pracheil, Muhammad Farooq

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Aconitase, the second enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle encoded by ACO1 in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, catalyzes the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. aco1Δ results in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) instability. It has been proposed that Aco1 binds to mtDNA and mediates its maintenance. Here we propose an alternative mechanism to account for mtDNA loss in aco1Δ mutant cells. We found that aco1Δ activated the RTG pathway, resulting in increased expression of genes encoding citrate synthase. By deleting RTG1, RTG3, or genes encoding citrate synthase, mtDNA instability was prevented in aco1Δ mutant cells. Increased activity of citrate synthase leads …