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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Link Between Muscle And Whole-Body Energetic Responses To Exercise, Christopher M.T. Hayden
Link Between Muscle And Whole-Body Energetic Responses To Exercise, Christopher M.T. Hayden
Masters Theses
Substantial evidence exists regarding how skeletal muscles use energy and how this affects muscular performance. What remains unclear is how characteristics of muscle energetics affect whole-body energetics during daily living, and what effects this may have on mobility. The goal of this study was to determine the associations between muscle and whole-body energetics including the relationships between: 1) muscle PCr depletion (∆PCr) in response to light intensity isotonic contractions and the oxygen deficit at the onset of a 30-min treadmill walk (30MTW), and, 2) muscle oxidative capacity and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC; 30MTW), respiratory exchange ratio (RER; 30MTW), and …
Bioenergetic Mechanisms Of Age-Related Differences In Muscle Fatigue, Liam F. Fitzgerald
Bioenergetic Mechanisms Of Age-Related Differences In Muscle Fatigue, Liam F. Fitzgerald
Doctoral Dissertations
Muscle fatigue is defined as the reduced capacity to produce torque or power in response to contractile activity. Previous work has observed greater fatigue in older than young adults in response to high-velocity contractions, but similar fatigue with age in response to moderate-velocity contractions. The mechanisms for these age-related differences is not clear. One potential explanation is a greater accumulation of putative agents of fatigue (e.g., Pi, H2PO4-, and H+) in older than young muscle during high- but not moderate-velocity contractions. Older muscle may accumulate these metabolites to greater extent because of deficits …
Biotransformation Of Resveratrol And Its Implications In Biological Activities In The Colon, Fang Li
Biotransformation Of Resveratrol And Its Implications In Biological Activities In The Colon, Fang Li
Doctoral Dissertations
Resveratrol (RES) is a natural polyphenol compound with a wide range of health-promoting activities, including protective effects against colon cancer and renal disease. However, the premise of these benefits has been dampened since RES shows a poor oral bioavailability due to its rapid and extensive biotransformation after oral consumption. The paradox (low bioavailability but high bioactivity) warrants further investigations to determine the contribution of RES metabolites to the health benefits associated with RES. We identified 11 metabolites of RES in mice with high-resolution HPLC-MS/MS, then quantified two major metabolites - dihydro-resveratrol (DHR) and lunularin (LUN). To further understand the chemopreventative …
Interaction Between Dietary Components And Gut Microbiota And Its Implication In Bioactivities And Metabolism In Colon, Min Gu
Doctoral Dissertations
The microbial cells that colonize the human body, including mucosal and skin environments, are at least as abundant as our somatic cells and certainly contain far more genes than our human genome. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with the onset and progress of several diseases, like diabetes, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease. One of the environmental factor-diet intervention can modulate the compositions of gut microbiota, which in turn may contribute to altered health outcomes such as changes in the risks of chronic diseases. Orange peel has been a traditional herb in China, and some of its compounds has shown health benefits. …
Biotransformation Of Polymethoxyflavones And Its Implication On Biological Activities, Minqi Wang
Biotransformation Of Polymethoxyflavones And Its Implication On Biological Activities, Minqi Wang
Doctoral Dissertations
In this thesis, the tissue distribution and in vivo biotransformation of nobiletin in rodents were demonstrated on three types of rodents, i.e.A-J female mice, CD-1 male mice and male F344 male rats. The effects of colonic metabolites of CD-1 mice on colonic carcinogenesis and inflammation were determined. In order to mimic the long-term dietary consumption of PMFs from food or dietary supplements, we applied oral administration by mixing PMFs with standard diet to rodents who have free access to food. Moreover, nobiletin (NBT), one of the most abundant PMFs in nature, and its major metabolties were incubated with mice …
Effects Of Phytochemicals From Rhodiola Crenulata On Highly Invasive Breast Cancer Cell Lines And Embryonic Models Of Migration, Adaris Rodriguez-Cortes
Effects Of Phytochemicals From Rhodiola Crenulata On Highly Invasive Breast Cancer Cell Lines And Embryonic Models Of Migration, Adaris Rodriguez-Cortes
Open Access Dissertations
The root of the Tibetan plant Rhodiola crenulata is part of eastern traditional medicine. Studies have suggested that members of the Rhodiola genus display anticancer properties. In this study we examine the effect of R. crenulata in a cellular model of invasive breast cancer, this disease being the second cause of cancer death among women in the US. Deregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been frequently observed in breast cancers and appears to have a key role in the transformation of benign cells to a malignant form. Although mutations of the Wnt growth factor are rarely observed in cancer, the …
Identification And Functional Characterization Of The Zebrafish Gene Quetschkommode (Que), Timo Friedrich
Identification And Functional Characterization Of The Zebrafish Gene Quetschkommode (Que), Timo Friedrich
Open Access Dissertations
Locomotion in vertebrates depends on proper formation and maintenance of neuronal networks in the hind-brain and spinal cord. Malformation or loss of factors required for proper maintenance of these networks can lead to severe neurodegenerative diseases limiting or preventing locomotion. A powerful tool to investigate the genetic and cellular requirements for development and/or maintenance of these networks is a collection of zebrafish mutants with defects in motility. The zebrafish mutant quetschkommode (que) harbors a previously unknown gene defect leading to abnormal locomotor behavior. Here I show that the que mutants display a seizure-like behavior starting around four days post fertilization …