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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Controls Of Nucleosome Positioning In The Human Genome, Daniel J. Gaffney, Graham Mcvicker, Athma A. Pai, Yvonne N. Fondufe-Mittendorf, Noah Lewellen, Katelyn Michelini, Jonathan Widom, Yoav Gilad, Jonathan K. Pritchard
Controls Of Nucleosome Positioning In The Human Genome, Daniel J. Gaffney, Graham Mcvicker, Athma A. Pai, Yvonne N. Fondufe-Mittendorf, Noah Lewellen, Katelyn Michelini, Jonathan Widom, Yoav Gilad, Jonathan K. Pritchard
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Nucleosomes are important for gene regulation because their arrangement on the genome can control which proteins bind to DNA. Currently, few human nucleosomes are thought to be consistently positioned across cells; however, this has been difficult to assess due to the limited resolution of existing data. We performed paired-end sequencing of micrococcal nuclease-digested chromatin (MNase-seq) from seven lymphoblastoid cell lines and mapped over 3.6 billion MNase-seq fragments to the human genome to create the highest-resolution map of nucleosome occupancy to date in a human cell type. In contrast to previous results, we find that most nucleosomes have more consistent positioning …
Escherichia Coli Recg Functionally Suppresses Human Bloom Syndrome Phenotypes, Michael W. Killen, Dawn M. Stults, William A. Wilson, Andrew J. Pierce
Escherichia Coli Recg Functionally Suppresses Human Bloom Syndrome Phenotypes, Michael W. Killen, Dawn M. Stults, William A. Wilson, Andrew J. Pierce
Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications
Defects in the human BLM gene cause Bloom syndrome, notable for early development of tumors in a broad variety of tissues. On the basis of sequence similarity, BLM has been identified as one of the five human homologs of RecQ from Escherichia coli. Nevertheless, biochemical characterization of the BLM protein indicates far greater functional similarity to the E. coli RecG protein and there is no known RecG homolog in human cells. To explore the possibility that the shared biochemistries of BLM and RecG may represent an example of convergent evolution of cellular function where in humans BLM has evolved to …
Cysteine 904 Is Required For Maximal Insulin Degrading Enzyme Activity And Polyanion Activation, Eun Suk Song, Manana Melikishvili, Michael G. Fried, Maria A. Juliano, Luiz Juliano, David W. Rodgers, Louis B. Hersh
Cysteine 904 Is Required For Maximal Insulin Degrading Enzyme Activity And Polyanion Activation, Eun Suk Song, Manana Melikishvili, Michael G. Fried, Maria A. Juliano, Luiz Juliano, David W. Rodgers, Louis B. Hersh
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Cysteine residues in insulin degrading enzyme have been reported as non-critical for its activity. We found that converting the twelve cysteine residues in rat insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) to serines resulted in a cysteine-free form of the enzyme with reduced activity and decreased activation by polyanions. Mutation of each cysteine residue individually revealed cysteine 904 as the key residue required for maximal activity and polyanion activation, although other cysteines affect polyanion binding to a lesser extent. Based on the structure of IDE, Asn 575 was identified as a potential hydrogen bond partner for Cys904 and mutation of this residue also …
Cdc42-Dependent Activation Of Nadph Oxidase Is Involved In Ethanol-Induced Neuronal Oxidative Stress, Xin Wang, Zunji Ke, Gang Chen, Mei Xu, Kimberly A. Bower, Jacqueline A. Frank, Zhuo Zhang, Xianglin Shi, Jia Luo
Cdc42-Dependent Activation Of Nadph Oxidase Is Involved In Ethanol-Induced Neuronal Oxidative Stress, Xin Wang, Zunji Ke, Gang Chen, Mei Xu, Kimberly A. Bower, Jacqueline A. Frank, Zhuo Zhang, Xianglin Shi, Jia Luo
Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications
It has been suggested that excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress play an important role in ethanol-induced damage to both the developing and mature central nervous system (CNS). The mechanisms underlying ethanol-induced neuronal ROS, however, remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of NADPH oxidase (NOX) in ethanol-induced ROS generation. We demonstrated that ethanol activated NOX and inhibition of NOX reduced ethanol-promoted ROS generation. Ethanol significantly increased the expression of p47phox and p67phox, the essential subunits for NOX activation in cultured neuronal cells and the cerebral cortex of infant mice. Ethanol caused serine …
Prostate Cancer-Specific And Potent Antitumor Effect Of A Dd3-Controlled Oncolytic Virus Harboring The Pten Gene, Miao Ding, Xin Cao, Hai-Neng Xu, Jun-Kai Fan, Hong-Ling Huang, Dong-Qin Yang, Yu-Hua Li, Jian Wang, Runsheng Li, Xin-Yuan Liu
Prostate Cancer-Specific And Potent Antitumor Effect Of A Dd3-Controlled Oncolytic Virus Harboring The Pten Gene, Miao Ding, Xin Cao, Hai-Neng Xu, Jun-Kai Fan, Hong-Ling Huang, Dong-Qin Yang, Yu-Hua Li, Jian Wang, Runsheng Li, Xin-Yuan Liu
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Prostate cancer is a major health problem for men in Western societies. Here we report a Prostate Cancer-Specific Targeting Gene-Viro-Therapy (CTGVT-PCa), in which PTEN was inserted into a DD3-controlled oncolytic viral vector (OV) to form Ad.DD3.E1A.E1B(Δ55)-(PTEN) or, briefly, Ad.DD3.D55-PTEN. The woodchuck post-transcriptional element (WPRE) was also introduced at the downstream of the E1A coding sequence, resulting in much higher expression of the E1A gene. DD3 is one of the most prostate cancer-specific genes and has been used as a clinical bio-diagnostic marker. PTEN is frequently inactivated in primary prostate cancers, which is crucial for prostate cancer progression. Therefore, the Ad.DD3.D55-PTEN …
G9a Interacts With Snail And Is Critical For Snail-Mediated E-Cadherin Repression In Human Breast Cancer, Chenfang Dong, Yadi Wu, Jun Yao, Yifan Wang, Yinhua Yu, Piotr G. Rychahou, B. Mark Evers, Binhua P. Zhou
G9a Interacts With Snail And Is Critical For Snail-Mediated E-Cadherin Repression In Human Breast Cancer, Chenfang Dong, Yadi Wu, Jun Yao, Yifan Wang, Yinhua Yu, Piotr G. Rychahou, B. Mark Evers, Binhua P. Zhou
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Breast cancers are highly heterogeneous but can be grouped into subtypes based on several criteria, including level of expression of certain markers. Claudin-low breast cancer (CLBC) is associated with early metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy, while gene profiling indicates it is characterized by the expression of markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) - a phenotypic conversion linked with metastasis. Although the epigenetic program controlling the phenotypic and cellular plasticity of EMT remains unclear, one contributor may be methylation of the E-cadherin promoter, resulting in decreased E-cadherin expression, a hallmark of EMT. Indeed, reduced E-cadherin often occurs in CLBC and may contribute …