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Investigating The Roles Of Rna Modification And Associated Enzymes On Stress Response And Connections To Human Diseases, Carrson Widen
Investigating The Roles Of Rna Modification And Associated Enzymes On Stress Response And Connections To Human Diseases, Carrson Widen
Biological Sciences
Transfer RNAs decode messenger RNA using anticodon – codon interactions to deliver specific amino acids to a growing peptide chain. Enzyme-catalyzed modifications on specific nucleotides on tRNAs increase their stability and help mediate the speed and fidelity of translation, giving these modifications regulatory potential. RNA modifications are catalyzed by writer enzymes, and I predicted that writers are important in the cellular responses to stress. I have evaluated the following E. coli modification enzyme mutants: miaA, mnmE, dtd, tmcA, lysU, yeaK, and iscS, from the corresponding Keio E. coli gene deletion library. Writer mutants were exposed to hydrogen peroxide to induce …
Francisella Tularensis Catalase Restricts Immune Function By Impairing Trpm2 Channel Activity, Nicole Lynn Flaherty
Francisella Tularensis Catalase Restricts Immune Function By Impairing Trpm2 Channel Activity, Nicole Lynn Flaherty
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
As an innate defense mechanism, macrophages produce reactive species that weaken pathogens and serve as secondary messengers to modify signaling responses involved in immune function. The gram-negative bacterium F. tularensis utilizes its antioxidant armature to limit the host immune response but the mechanism behind this suppression has not been defined. Here we establish that F. tularensis limits Ca2+ entry thereby limiting actin reorganization and IL-6 production in a redox-dependent fashion. Wild-type (LVS) or catalase deficient F. tularensis (∆katG) show distinct profiles in their H2O2 scavenging capacity, 1 pM/sec and 0.015 pM/sec, respectively. Murine alveolar macrophages infected with ∆katG display distinct …