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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Review Of "Fifty Animals That Changed The Course Of History" By E. Chaline, John B. Jenkins
Review Of "Fifty Animals That Changed The Course Of History" By E. Chaline, John B. Jenkins
Biology Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
A Symbiotic View Of Life: We Have Never Been Individuals, Scott F. Gilbert, J. Sapp, A. I. Tauber
A Symbiotic View Of Life: We Have Never Been Individuals, Scott F. Gilbert, J. Sapp, A. I. Tauber
Biology Faculty Works
The notion of the "biological individual" is crucial to studies of genetics, immunology, evolution, development, anatomy, and physiology. Each of these biological subdisciplines has a specific conception of individuality, which has historically provided conceptual contexts for integrating newly acquired data. During the past decade, nucleic acid analysis, especially genomic sequencing and high-throughput RNA techniques, has challenged each of these disciplinary definitions by finding significant interactions of animals and plants with symbiotic microorganisms that disrupt the boundaries that heretofore had characterized the biological individual. Animals cannot be considered individuals by anatomical or physiological criteria because a diversity of symbionts are both …
Some Like It Hot, Some Like It Warm: Phenotyping To Explore Thermotolerance Diversity, C. H. Yeh, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky, C. Hu, Y. Y. Charng
Some Like It Hot, Some Like It Warm: Phenotyping To Explore Thermotolerance Diversity, C. H. Yeh, Nicholas J. Kaplinsky, C. Hu, Y. Y. Charng
Biology Faculty Works
Plants have evolved overlapping but distinct cellular responses to different aspects of high temperature stress. These responses include basal thermotolerance, short- and long-term acquired thermotolerance, and thermotolerance to moderately high temperatures. This ‘thermotolerance diversity’ means that multiple phenotypic assays are essential for fully describing the functions of genes involved in heat stress responses. A large number of genes with potential roles in heat stress responses have been identified using genetic screens and genome wide expression studies. We examine the range of phenotypic assays that have been used to characterize thermotolerance phenotypes in both Arabidopsis and crop plants. Three major variables …
Morphological Correlates Of A Combat Performance Trait In The Forked Fungus Beetle, Bolitotherus Cornutus, K. M. Benowitz, E. D. Brodie Iii, Vincent A. Formica
Morphological Correlates Of A Combat Performance Trait In The Forked Fungus Beetle, Bolitotherus Cornutus, K. M. Benowitz, E. D. Brodie Iii, Vincent A. Formica
Biology Faculty Works
Combat traits are thought to have arisen due to intense male-male competition for access to females. While large and elaborate weapons used in attacking other males have often been the focus of sexual selection studies, defensive traits (both morphological and performance) have received less attention. However, if defensive traits help males restrict access to females, their role in the process of sexual selection could also be important. Here we examine the morphological correlates of grip strength, a defensive combat trait involved in mate guarding, in the tenebrionid beetle Bolitotherus cornutus. We found that grip strength was repeatable and differed between …
Dietary Lipid Saturation Influences Environmental Temperature Preference But Not Resting Metabolic Rate In The Djungarian Hamster (Phodopus Sungorus), Ryan Pannorfi , '04, Barry Michael Zee , '08, I. Vatnick, N. Berner, Sara Hiebert Burch
Dietary Lipid Saturation Influences Environmental Temperature Preference But Not Resting Metabolic Rate In The Djungarian Hamster (Phodopus Sungorus), Ryan Pannorfi , '04, Barry Michael Zee , '08, I. Vatnick, N. Berner, Sara Hiebert Burch
Biology Faculty Works
Heterothermic rodents increase self-selection of diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) when exposed to cold, short days, or short-day melatonin profiles, and Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) do so in long days in response to cold exposure alone. To determine whether Djungarian hamsters are also capable of selecting a thermal environment in response to dietary lipid composition, continuously normothermic hamsters were fed either a PUF-rich diet or a diet rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) for 6-10 wk and given a choice of thermal environments. As predicted, SF-fed hamsters were more likely than PUFA-fed hamsters to occupy the single heated …
A Drosophila Deg/Enac Subunit Functions Specifically In Gustatory Neurons Required For Male Courtship Behavior, E. Starostina, T. Liu, V. Vijayan, Zheng Zheng , '11, Kathleen King Siwicki, C. W. Pikielny
A Drosophila Deg/Enac Subunit Functions Specifically In Gustatory Neurons Required For Male Courtship Behavior, E. Starostina, T. Liu, V. Vijayan, Zheng Zheng , '11, Kathleen King Siwicki, C. W. Pikielny
Biology Faculty Works
Detection of specific female pheromones stimulates courtship behavior in Drosophila melanogaster males, but the chemosensory molecules, cells, and mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. Here we show that ppk25, a DEG/ENaC ion channel subunit required for normal male response to females, is expressed at highest levels in a single sexually dimorphic gustatory neuron of most taste hairs on legs and wings, but not in neurons that detect courtship-inhibiting pheromones or food. Synaptic inactivation of ppk25-expressing neurons, or knockdown of ppk25 expression in all gustatory neurons, significantly impairs male response to females, whereas gustatory expression of ppk25 rescues the courtship behavior of …
Structural Characterization Of Human Uch37, E. S. Burgie, C. Bingman, Ameet Soni, G. N. Phillips Jr.
Structural Characterization Of Human Uch37, E. S. Burgie, C. Bingman, Ameet Soni, G. N. Phillips Jr.
Computer Science Faculty Works
Uch37 is a de-ubiquitylating enzyme that is functionally linked with the 26S proteasome via Rpn13, and is essential for metazoan development. Here, we report the X-ray crystal structure of full-length human Uch37 at 2.95 Å resolution. Uch37's catalytic domain is similar to those of all UCH enzymes characterized to date. The C-terminal extension is elongated, predominantly helical and contains coiled coil interactions. Additionally, we provide an initial characterization of Uch37's oligomeric state and identify a systematic error in previous analyses of Uch37 activity. Taken together, these data provide a strong foundation for further analysis of Uch37's several functions.
Probabilistic Ensembles For Improved Inference In Protein-Structure Determination, Ameet Soni, J. Shavlik
Probabilistic Ensembles For Improved Inference In Protein-Structure Determination, Ameet Soni, J. Shavlik
Computer Science Faculty Works
Protein X-ray crystallography — the most popular method for determining protein structures — remains a laborious process requiring a great deal of manual crystallographer effort to interpret low-quality protein images. Automating this process is critical in creating a high-throughput protein-structure determination pipeline. Previously, our group developed ACMI, a probabilistic framework for producing protein-structure models from electron-density maps produced via X-ray crystallography. ACMI uses a Markov Random Field to model the three-dimensional (3D) location of each non-hydrogen atom in a protein. Calculating the best structure in this model is intractable, so ACMI uses approximate inference methods to estimate the optimal structure. …