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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Antidepressant Effects On Rem Sleep, Mitchel Adams
Antidepressant Effects On Rem Sleep, Mitchel Adams
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Individuals who deal with depression are typically prescribed antidepressants in order to alleviate the depressive symptoms that they may be having. Polysomnographic sleep research has revealed that depression is associated with altered sleep architecture and distorted REM sleep quality.2 Specifically, increased REM sleep duration and density have proved to be markers that predict recurrence and relapse for depressed individuals. REM sleep serves to stimulate regions of the brain that are important with learning and memory consolidation. However, an increased duration of REM sleep in depressed individuals proves to be unfavorable. Antidepressants drugs aim to weaken sleep quality, which is …
Freestanding Emergency Departments: A Possible Solution To Rural Hospital Closure, Emily Steadman
Freestanding Emergency Departments: A Possible Solution To Rural Hospital Closure, Emily Steadman
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Freestanding emergency departments have become more and more common over the years and have started to pop up in many states across the country. A freestanding emergency department is a facility that provides healthcare in the form of emergency services separate from those at a hospital. FEDs can be seen as independent structures that are distinct from hospital-based emergency rooms and urgent facilities. Just as freestanding emergency departments have spread across the country in a bit of a frenzy, another prevalent issue has been sweeping the country, the closure of rural hospitals. Over the last decade rural hospitals have struggled …
A Social Review Of The Opioid Epidemic: The History, Pathophysiology, And Effects On Rural America, Holly J. Goehring
A Social Review Of The Opioid Epidemic: The History, Pathophysiology, And Effects On Rural America, Holly J. Goehring
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
One of the more pressing issues in modern day health care is the nationwide heath care crisis known as the opioid epidemic. The beginning of this literature review will focus on the history of opioid use and early prescription rates, as well as the summary and definitions of the drugs involved in the current opioid epidemic. The review then shifts to the pathophysiology of addiction involving the activation of opioid receptors and opioid use disorder. The main focus of this literature review is the societal impacts of the opioid epidemic, making special reference to the economic burden and effects on …
The Oral Microbiome And Its Effects On Human Systemic Diseases, Hee Chang Shin
The Oral Microbiome And Its Effects On Human Systemic Diseases, Hee Chang Shin
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
In the past decade, scientists and healthcare professionals have gained interest in the microbiome and its function as part of the human body. The two most diverse microbiome environments are found in the gut and the oral cavity. While the gut microbiome has been investigated more deeply and continues to be a great interest, the oral microbiome is in comparison a more recent subject with fewer reports on the topic. The purpose of this review paper is to highlight the main human systemic diseases associated with the oral microbiome and to discuss how our understanding of the oral microbiome’s effect …
Parkinson’S Disease: Current Treatment Options, Luke Kovaleski
Parkinson’S Disease: Current Treatment Options, Luke Kovaleski
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Parkinson’s Disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is caused by a lack of dopamine. This lack of dopamine has many effects on a person’s body who has Parkinson’s Disease including loss of motor control, slowed movement (bradykinesia), changes in speech, impaired posture and balance, and muscle rigidity. The object of this paper is to explore some of the many different options for treatment of symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease that are currently available. There is not one over-arching treatment that can alleviate the symptoms that are caused by Parkinson’s Disease. However, if multiple treatments are used together, a patient who is …
Comparative Optic Nerve Head Physiology: Glaucoma Induced Retinal Ganglion Cell Apoptosis By Disruption Of The Translaminar Pressure Gradient And Reduced Neurotrophic Signaling, Cassidy Christopherson
Comparative Optic Nerve Head Physiology: Glaucoma Induced Retinal Ganglion Cell Apoptosis By Disruption Of The Translaminar Pressure Gradient And Reduced Neurotrophic Signaling, Cassidy Christopherson
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness, and the second leading vision loss neurodegenerative disease affecting millions worldwide. Glaucoma is characterized as a group of eye disorders which are initially asymptomatic but may progress to significant optic nerve head damage and vision loss with time. Early stages of glaucoma often go undetected, leading to irreversible damage to the optic nerve head prior to patients seeking medical care. Glaucoma leads to vision loss via death of retinal ganglion cells. Retinal ganglion cell apoptosis is thought to begin due to interference with the normal transmission of neurotrophic signals that arrive by …
Pathogenesis Of Cte: A Review Of Ptau, Lewy Bodies, And Cytokine Involvement In Cte, Karter Keefer
Pathogenesis Of Cte: A Review Of Ptau, Lewy Bodies, And Cytokine Involvement In Cte, Karter Keefer
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a neuropathological disease that develops years after experiencing repetitive traumatic brain injuries. In recent years, this disease has been gaining recognition from professional, college, and high school teams that participate in contact sports. The purpose of this paper is to review available information about this neurodegenerative disease. Only limited published experiments are available on this disease. Research on CTE has been limited by the fact that patients can only be diagnosed with the disease by a post mortem autopsy. Many experiments were analyzed regarding different CTE pathologies, symptoms, and treatments. Articles used in this paper …
A Review: The Association Of Asthma And The Microbiome, Kathleen Olson
A Review: The Association Of Asthma And The Microbiome, Kathleen Olson
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
The microbiome gut-lung axis has been associated with asthma. Asthma is a respiratory disease that presents itself in many different ways. The microbiome is the bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses found in a particular environment. The association of the microbiome gutlung axis in an asthmatic individual compared to a healthy individual has shown that different types and/or concentrations of bacterial genera are present in an asthmatic individual compared to a healthy individual. A causal relationship between the microbiome and asthma has not yet been identified. The aim of this review is to present the association of asthma and the microbiome …
A Review Of Asthma Treatments: Monoclonal Antibody, Corticosteroid, Leukotriene Modifier, And Bronchodilator, Alec Williams
A Review Of Asthma Treatments: Monoclonal Antibody, Corticosteroid, Leukotriene Modifier, And Bronchodilator, Alec Williams
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Medical research has created multitudes of medications to help control the symptoms of asthma. Asthmas effects the respiratory system in different ways, creating unique challenges to researchers and doctors alike to create or a manage the symptoms of asthma. Identifying the common treatment methods and understanding their effect on the human physiology can aid in treating patients. The goal of this review is to identify the common medications used to treat asthma, how these medications work on the human’s physiology, as well as bring to light a new upcoming medication with greater asthma control. As asthma research continues, the need …
Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation (Ibs-C) Treatment Efficacy And The Emerging Importance Of Serotonin, Meghan Schenk
Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Constipation (Ibs-C) Treatment Efficacy And The Emerging Importance Of Serotonin, Meghan Schenk
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) affects a large proportion of the population. It decreases quality of life for the patient both physically and mentally. Patients report higher levels of mental health issues and other gastrointestinal maladies compared to the normal population, in addition to an IBS diagnosis. Patients have increased healthcare visits and costs, raising insurance rates for all, and also results in more missed time from work. There are limited treatments available for IBS-C, and medicinal and non-medicinal modalities are differentially prescribed to patients throughout the country. Recently, serotonin has emerged as a key mediator of normal gut …
Immunization By Radiotherapy: Enhancing An Immune-Mediated Abscopal Effect, Amy Steffen
Immunization By Radiotherapy: Enhancing An Immune-Mediated Abscopal Effect, Amy Steffen
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Radiotherapy aims to destroy tumors by inducing DNA damage in their cells at the local irradiation site. Its immune-mediated systemic effects, called abscopal effect, has shown to enhance anti-tumor immunity when combined with immune therapies and thus, have gained attention by researchers and clinicians to investigate. Below is a summary of the fundamentals of cancer and the immune system’s response to it, as well as the changes in the phenotype and microenvironment of tumor cells after exposure to radiation. Impacts of the abscopal effect and the induction of effective antitumor immunity with various immune therapy strategies will be outlined. The …
Increasing The Clinical Efficacy Of Radiotherapeutics For Solid Tumors By Inhibition Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1a, Austin Levi Walz
Increasing The Clinical Efficacy Of Radiotherapeutics For Solid Tumors By Inhibition Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1a, Austin Levi Walz
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Radiotherapy is commonly used in a variety of tumor types and is effective in control of long term progression and may be curative under certain circumstances. Radiotherapeutics have been shown to be the single most effective therapeutic for cancer and only account for 5% of the total cost. However, treatment of cells with radiation causes the tumor microenvironment to undergo changes and leads to cycles of hypoxia inside the tumor which allows for the cell to undergo angiogenesis, metastasize and may lead to repopulation of the tumor. Current systemic chemotherapeutics typically have an additive toxicity due to the unintended targeting …
A Biological Review Of Mental Illness: An Overview Of Genetics And Pathophysiology Of Schizophrenia, Major Depression, And Addiction, Christopher R. Angerhofer
A Biological Review Of Mental Illness: An Overview Of Genetics And Pathophysiology Of Schizophrenia, Major Depression, And Addiction, Christopher R. Angerhofer
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Novel approaches in understanding mental illness present solutions to current issues in treatment and diagnosis. With advancements in genetics and neurology, the etiology and pathophysiology of mental illness is slowly unwrapping. In discovering biomarkers for depression, addiction, and schizophrenia, the precision for preventing, diagnosing, and treating these disorders increases. The aim of this paper is to review current research for addiction, major depression, and schizophrenia in genetics and physiology, while also clarifying the need for reclassifying mental illness as diseases with a pathophysiological basis, not syndromal, idiopathic disorders. Mental illness is dynamic in that it encompasses both environmental and biological …
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulaton: In-Depth Review Of Methods, Efficacy And Future Applications, Matthew Carpenter
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulaton: In-Depth Review Of Methods, Efficacy And Future Applications, Matthew Carpenter
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been regarded as a novel technique of neuromodulation with applications that span from the treatment of depression or depression related symptoms to the mapping of cerebral regions. This review takes an in depth look into the different forms of magnetic stimulation including repetitive TMS, theta-burst stimulation, and navigated TMS. The efficacy of these different forms of stimulation is addressed as well as comparisons made to current standards being used. Potential clinically relevant future applications of TMS are also discussed from the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder to improving motor function after stroke. The purpose of …
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries And Cte: A Review Highlighting The Connection Between The Two, Leandre Kennedy
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries And Cte: A Review Highlighting The Connection Between The Two, Leandre Kennedy
Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a traumatic brain injury based disease that is garnering a lot of attention in the United States. The purpose of this paper is to conduct an extensive review of the information available about the condition. Recently there has been a limited amount of published information and treatment opportunities are rare since the only way of diagnosing has come post mortem. Various literary reviews and experiments were analyzed for appropriate information regarding CTE’s pathology and treatments and only peer reviewed published works were allowed in this paper. This resulted in promising information about the disease and …