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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Modelling Growth, Recruitments And Mortality To Describe And Simulate Dynamics Of Subtropical Rainforests Following Different Levels Of Disturbance, Maina Kariuki, Robert M. Kooyman, Lyndon O. Brooks, R Geoff B. Smith, Jerome K. Vanclay
Modelling Growth, Recruitments And Mortality To Describe And Simulate Dynamics Of Subtropical Rainforests Following Different Levels Of Disturbance, Maina Kariuki, Robert M. Kooyman, Lyndon O. Brooks, R Geoff B. Smith, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
The capacity of rainforests to recover from logging disturbance is difficult to model due to the compounding interactions between long-term disturbance effects, natural dynamics, site characteristics and tree species regeneration strategies. The aim of this study was to develop a quantitative model using over three decades of data from stands subjected to various levels of disturbance ranging from natural, through increasing intensities of tree removal to intensive logging. Data for trees ¡Ý 10 cm diameter at 1.3 m above the ground (dbh) in subtropical rainforest of north-east New South Wales, Australia were used. Botanical identity of trees at species level, …
Land-Use Change Conflict Arising From Plantation Forestry Expansion: Views Across Australian Fence-Lines, Andrea J. Leys, Jerome K. Vanclay
Land-Use Change Conflict Arising From Plantation Forestry Expansion: Views Across Australian Fence-Lines, Andrea J. Leys, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
An annual trade deficit in Australia for forest products of approximately $2 billion (Aus$), predominantly in paper, pulp products and sawn timber, makes sound argument for continued support of plantation forestry expansion. Existing government policy promoting afforestation through fiscal tax-based incentives for Managed Investment Scheme (MIS) retail forestry however, has raised many questions regarding the need for performance targets and accountability criteria in response to the collapse of several private plantation companies during the global financial crisis of 2009 and 2010 that had been responsible for managing a large sector of the national estate. This paper reports on the first …
Stakeholder Engagement In Social Learning To Resolve Controversies Over Land-Use Change To Plantation Forestry, Andrea J. Leys, Jerome K. Vanclay
Stakeholder Engagement In Social Learning To Resolve Controversies Over Land-Use Change To Plantation Forestry, Andrea J. Leys, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Rapid land-use change arising from incentives for afforestation has created tensions in rural communities previously dominated by agricultural enterprises. This paper reports on an innovative experiment with social learning that incorporated participatory modelling to resolve community concerns in a case study of plantation forestry in the Upper Clarence catchment of north-eastern NSW Australia. The development of a diagnostic framework helped identify socioeconomic and environmental issues within the community for investigation by a self-selected participatory advisory committee (PAC) representing a diversity of views. Implementation of a social learning exercise offered empathetic and intellectual engagement among PAC members that maintained interest, built …
Trends In Forestry Modelling, Guillermo A. Mendoza, Jerome K. Vanclay
Trends In Forestry Modelling, Guillermo A. Mendoza, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Different types of models have been developed and applied to address various problems and issues in forestry. This paper reviews modelling trends in four areas, namely, forest management planning and decision-making, forest dynamics and growth projection, forest landscape and spatial models and participatory forest management models. The first type includes decision models generally structured as optimization models applied to forest planning. These models evolved from single objective to multiple objectives with spatial dimensions, including visualization. The second type includes forest dynamics models designed to examine the growth response of trees using process-based empirical or conceptual models. Demands for 'close to …
Modelling Regeneration And Recruitment In A Tropical Rain Forest, Jerome K. Vanclay
Modelling Regeneration And Recruitment In A Tropical Rain Forest, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
A two-stage model predicts the recruitment (i.e., the number of stems reaching or exceeding 10 cm DBH) of the 100 species that account for 97% of all the recruitment observed on 217 permanent sample plots in the tropical rain forest of north Queensland. The first stage predicts the probability of the occurrence of any recruitment from stand basal area and the presence of that species in the existing stand. These probabilities can be implemented stochastically, or deterministically by summing the probabilities and initiating recruitment on unity. The second stage indicates the expected amount of recruitment, given that it is known …
Robust Relationships For Simple Plantation Growth Models Based On Sparse Data, Jerome K. Vanclay
Robust Relationships For Simple Plantation Growth Models Based On Sparse Data, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Three equations predicting height H = β1(t − 0.5)0.5, diameter D = β2(H − 1.3)/ln N, and mortality dN/N = −2(G/Gmax)3dD/D from plantation age (t), stocking (N) and basal area (G) can be calibrated with few data (even a single observation) for plantations in which re-measured data and growth models are unavailable. Despite having only three parameters to be estimated, these equations extrapolate reliably and allow objective forecasts of future plantation growth performance that may serve as useful first approximations until more precise growth models can be developed.
Growth Stress In Eucalyptus Dunnii, Timothy N. Murphy, Michael Henson, Jerome K. Vanclay
Growth Stress In Eucalyptus Dunnii, Timothy N. Murphy, Michael Henson, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Growth stress in 9-y-old plantation-grown Eucalyptus dunnii was assessed by measuring longitudinal growth strain. Strain varied considerably (370–1560 ìm–1) and was sufficiently heritable (h2 =0.3–0.5) that tree breeding may be an effective way to reduce the incidence of growth stress in this species. Although the formation of longitudinal growth strain appears to be under strong genetic control (P = 0.0015), there was a tendency for tall thin trees to exhibit higher stress than short thick trees (P = 0.025 for height:diameter ratio). Two provenances and three families identified in this study show potential as superior material for further tree breeding.
Effects Of Selection Logging On Rainforest Productivity, Jerome K. Vanclay
Effects Of Selection Logging On Rainforest Productivity, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
An analysis of data from 212 permanent sample plots provided no evidence of any decline in rainforest productivity after three cycles of selection logging in the tropical rainforests of north Queensland. Relative productivity was determined as the difference between observed diameter increments and increments predicted from a diameter increment function which incorporated tree size, stand density and site quality. Analyses of variance and regression analyses revealed no significant decline in productivity after repeated harvesting. There is evidence to support the assertion that if any permanent productivity decline exists, it does not exceed six per cent per harvest.
Healthy Forests, Sound Economics, Social Justice, Jerome K. Vanclay
Healthy Forests, Sound Economics, Social Justice, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Concern over the management of the world's forests is becoming a hot topic, and no area is under heavier scrutiny than the tropical forests. The current rate of deforestation, especially in light of the enormous number of species these forests contain, is the primary cause for this concern. Despite this ominous trend, much can be done to protect and sustain these incredibly valuable resources.
Assessing Site Productivity Of Indigenous Cypress Pine Forest In Southern Queensland, Jerome K. Vanclay, N B. Henry
Assessing Site Productivity Of Indigenous Cypress Pine Forest In Southern Queensland, Jerome K. Vanclay, N B. Henry
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Site form, the expected height of a 25 cm d.b.h.o.b. tree predicted from the stand heightdiameter relationship, is shown to be a practical and useful measure of site productivity in indigenous cypress pine (Callitris sp.) forests in southern Queensland. Unlike site index, this measure is not based on age and thus has potential for site productivity assessment in stands of unknown or uneven age.
Modelling Changes In The Merchantability Of Individual Trees In Tropical Rainforest, Jerome K. Vanclay
Modelling Changes In The Merchantability Of Individual Trees In Tropical Rainforest, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
The deterioration of merchantable trees over time is often assumed to be negligible in growth models and yield calculations. Although the annual probability of becoming unmerchantable is small, the cumulative probability over a cutting cycle is significant, and should be included in yield studies. Logistic regression analyses of permanent sample plot data revealed that changing merchantability can be modelled using species, stand basal area, tree size and time since last logging. The equation developed for the rainforests of north Queensland indicates that up to ten percent of trees may become unmerchantable during a forty year cutting cycle.
Data Requirements For Developing Growth Models For Tropical Moist Forests, Jerome K. Vanclay
Data Requirements For Developing Growth Models For Tropical Moist Forests, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Permanent sample plots provide the basis for growth modelling, yield prediction and sustained yield management, and the reliability of the data is crucial to these and many other aspects of forest management. To obtain reliable data, it is necessary to ensure consistent standards and that a wide range of stand and site conditions are sampled using both passive monitoring and experimental plots. Individual trees should be numbered, marked and mapped. Remeasurement frequency should be determined to facilitate plot relocation and ensure that growth is greater than measurement errors. Measurement records should be unambiguous and secure.
Technologies For Sustainable Forest Management: Challenges For The 21st Century, Jeffrey A. Sayer, Jerome K. Vanclay, Neil Byron
Technologies For Sustainable Forest Management: Challenges For The 21st Century, Jeffrey A. Sayer, Jerome K. Vanclay, Neil Byron
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Technology will help to address the challenges for sustainable forestry in the 21st century. Some of the challenges will include the shift of production from native forest to plantations in areas of comparative advantage, more efficient processing delinking end-use products from raw wood characteristics, increased demand, better information technologies to support decision makers, and more options for conserving biodiversity. Definitions of sustainability will vary in time and space as society's expectations and aspirations change, so there can be no 'silver bullet' to ensure sustainability. However, progress may be facilitated with a systematic approach to forest management embracing the usual planning …
Estimating Use-Values And Relative Importance Of Amazonian Flood Plain Trees And Forests To Local Inhabitants, Lars P. Kvist, Martin K. Andersen, Martin Hesselsoe, Jerome K. Vanclay
Estimating Use-Values And Relative Importance Of Amazonian Flood Plain Trees And Forests To Local Inhabitants, Lars P. Kvist, Martin K. Andersen, Martin Hesselsoe, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Use-values have been advocated as a tool to compare the value of not just individual species, but also of plant families and forest types to local people, in order, for example, to identify species or habitats in need of special management or conservation. We estimated use-values in three forest types (upper restinga, lower restinga, tahuampa) on the Amazon flood plain south of Iquitos (Peru), compared two methodologies, identified the most valuable species and contrasted these valuations with the actual use of forest resources in local villages. A new method for estimating use-values was contrasted with the method of Phillips and …
Beer-Bottle Tops: A Simple Forest Management Game, Jerome K. Vanclay, Rod J. Keenan, Adam Gerrand, Ian Frakes
Beer-Bottle Tops: A Simple Forest Management Game, Jerome K. Vanclay, Rod J. Keenan, Adam Gerrand, Ian Frakes
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Forest planning and management concepts can sometimes be difficult to grasp. Games provide an effective way to demonstrate different concepts and facilitate deeper understanding of approaches and practices to sustainable forest management. In this paper we describe a game devised to demonstrate alternative ways to set allowable harvest levels in large (>10,000 ha) native forest planning units. The game requires minimal materials (photocopies of relevant maps and a few hundred beer bottle tops), and can be played and debriefed in 2-3 hours. The game focuses on the principles underlying area control and volume control of timber harvesting, and provides …
Can Lessons From The Community Rainforest Reforestation Program In Eastern Australia Be Learned?, Jerome K. Vanclay
Can Lessons From The Community Rainforest Reforestation Program In Eastern Australia Be Learned?, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
The Community Rainforest Reforestation Program (1993-2000) was an attempt to create healthy vegetated catchments that maximize wood production, environmental protection and employment in eastern Australia. Despite a AUD10 million outlay, these goals were not fulfilled, because of limited resources and continually changing circumstances (goals, staff, institutions) that hampered the efforts of both researchers and coordinators. Both technical and managerial lessons need to be learned: blanket guidelines are rarely helpful because species, nutrition and silviculture need to be matched to each site; vigour, provenance and nutrition of nursery stock is critical to plantation success; health surveillance should not be overlooked; early …
Educating Australian Foresters For The 21st Century, Jerome K. Vanclay
Educating Australian Foresters For The 21st Century, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
A review of forestry education based on literature and a survey of 186 foresters reveals the diversity of interests within the Australian forestry profession. The survey refl ects the utility of subjects such as silviculture, mensuration and forest management, and highlights the need to include subjects such as human resource management, business studies and communication skills in forestry programmes. Results also suggest that there is the need for more innovation in the teaching of foundation subjects such as chemistry. Important but unexpected fi ndings from the survey were the high proportion of respondents who stated that their bachelor studies provided …
Deforestation: Correlations, Possible Causes And Some Implications, Jerome K. Vanclay
Deforestation: Correlations, Possible Causes And Some Implications, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Changes in national forest areas during 1990-2000 are contrasted with other variables to illustrate correlations and provoke discussion about possible causes. Twenty-five statistically-significant correlations (including rural population, life expectancy, GDP, literacy, commerce, agriculture, poverty and inflation) are illustrated and a statistical model suggests that good governance, alternative employment opportunities, and payments for environmental services may be effective in combating deforestation. The data suggest that a global forest convention may need to be supported by substantial and carefully-targeted development assistance to foster good governance.
Saving The Tropical Forest: Needs And Prognosis, Jerome K. Vanclay
Saving The Tropical Forest: Needs And Prognosis, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Many attempts to reverse deforestation in the tropics have failed because they addressed symptoms rather than causes. Many pressures come from outside the forest, so a multi-sectoral approach is needed. The real causes and some possible solutions are examined. Whilst there is scope for further research, many problems can be overcome through increased community participation, better communication, more effective management and the implementation of a few simple guidelines.
Genetic Variation In Shrinkage Properties Of Eucalyptus Pilularis Assessed Using Increment Cores And Test Blocks, Marie-Chantale Pelletier, Michael Henson, Steve Boyton, Dane Thomas, Jerome K. Vanclay
Genetic Variation In Shrinkage Properties Of Eucalyptus Pilularis Assessed Using Increment Cores And Test Blocks, Marie-Chantale Pelletier, Michael Henson, Steve Boyton, Dane Thomas, Jerome K. Vanclay
Professor Jerome K Vanclay
Assessments of genetic variation in wood properties are difficult and expensive to carry out. As a consequence, the inclusion of wood quality traits in eucalypt breeding programs has to date been limited. This study is part of a large investigation into the use of non-destructive methods of assessing wood properties by comparing the results with traditional destructive methods. This component of the study investigates the genetic variation in linear shrinkage of 152 open-pollinated families of Eucalyptus pilularis (Smith). Increment cores and test blocks were used to assess radial and tangential shrinkage as well as their ratio. Shrinkage results at 17% …