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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Rudra Interrupts Receptor Signaling Complexes To Negatively Regulate The Imd Pathway, Kamna Aggarwal, Florentina Rus, Christie Vriesema-Magnuson, Deniz Erturk Hasdemir, Nicholas Paquette, Neal S. Silverman
Rudra Interrupts Receptor Signaling Complexes To Negatively Regulate The Imd Pathway, Kamna Aggarwal, Florentina Rus, Christie Vriesema-Magnuson, Deniz Erturk Hasdemir, Nicholas Paquette, Neal S. Silverman
Neal Silverman
Insects rely primarily on innate immune responses to fight pathogens. In Drosophila, antimicrobial peptides are key contributors to host defense. Antimicrobial peptide gene expression is regulated by the IMD and Toll pathways. Bacterial peptidoglycans trigger these pathways, through recognition by peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs). DAP-type peptidoglycan triggers the IMD pathway via PGRP-LC and PGRP-LE, while lysine-type peptidoglycan is an agonist for the Toll pathway through PGRP-SA and PGRP-SD. Recent work has shown that the intensity and duration of the immune responses initiating with these receptors is tightly regulated at multiple levels, by a series of negative regulators. Through two-hybrid screening …
Fighting Infection Fly-Style, Louisa Wu, Neal S. Silverman
Fighting Infection Fly-Style, Louisa Wu, Neal S. Silverman
Neal Silverman
No abstract provided.
Nf-Kappab Signaling Pathways In Mammalian And Insect Innate Immunity, Neal S. Silverman, Tom Maniatis
Nf-Kappab Signaling Pathways In Mammalian And Insect Innate Immunity, Neal S. Silverman, Tom Maniatis
Neal Silverman
In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the signaling pathways in mammalian and Drosophila innate immunity, with emphasis on the mechanisms by which NF-kappaB/Rel family proteins are activated.
Hormonal Regulation Of The Humoral Innate Immune Response In Drosophila Melanogaster, Thomas Flatt, Andreas Heyland, Florentina Rus, Ermelinda Porpiglia, Chris Sherlock, Rochele Yamamoto, Alina Garbuzov, Subba R. Palli, Marc Tatar, Neal S. Silverman
Hormonal Regulation Of The Humoral Innate Immune Response In Drosophila Melanogaster, Thomas Flatt, Andreas Heyland, Florentina Rus, Ermelinda Porpiglia, Chris Sherlock, Rochele Yamamoto, Alina Garbuzov, Subba R. Palli, Marc Tatar, Neal S. Silverman
Neal Silverman
Juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxy-ecdysone (20E) are highly versatile hormones, coordinating development, growth, reproduction and aging in insects. Pulses of 20E provide key signals for initiating developmental and physiological transitions, while JH promotes or inhibits these signals in a stage-specific manner. Previous evidence suggests that JH and 20E might modulate innate immunity, but whether and how these hormones interact to regulate the immune response remains unclear. Here we show that JH and 20E have antagonistic effects on the induction of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes in Drosophila melanogaster. 20E pretreatment of Schneider S2 cells promoted the robust induction of AMP genes, …
Decarboxylation Of L-Dopa And 5-Hydroxytryptophan In Dispersed Rat Pancreas Acinar Cells, E. Yu, L. Stern, A. Tenenhouse
Decarboxylation Of L-Dopa And 5-Hydroxytryptophan In Dispersed Rat Pancreas Acinar Cells, E. Yu, L. Stern, A. Tenenhouse
Edward Yu
Amino acid decarboxylation activity in dispersed rat pancreas acinar cells and fractions derived by differential centrifugation of homogenate of these cells was studied. The rate of decarboxylation was measured by determining the rate of production of the [3H]-amine from [3H]-amino acid or the rate of production of 14CO2 from the [14C]-carboxy-labelled amino acid. Only the hydroxylated amino acids L-dopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan are decarboxylated by intact dispersed pancreas acinar cells or cell homogenates at all pH values and amino acid concentrations tested. The decarboxylase activity is located exclusively in the cell cytosol. Each substrate competitively inhibits the decarboxylation of the other …
In Vitro And In Vivo Models Of Acute Alcohol Exposure, Angela Dolganiuc, Gyongyi Szabo
In Vitro And In Vivo Models Of Acute Alcohol Exposure, Angela Dolganiuc, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
Alcohol abuse is a global problem due to the financial burden on society and the healthcare system. While the harmful health effects of chronic alcohol abuse are well established, more recent data suggest that acute alcohol consumption also affects human wellbeing. Thus, there is a need for research models in order to fully understand the effect of acute alcohol abuse on different body systems and organs. The present manuscript summarizes the interdisciplinary advantages and disadvantages of currently available human and non-human models of acute alcohol abuse, and identifies their suitability for biomedical research.
Predation On Pupa Of Chrysomya Rufifacies (Marquart) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) By Parasitoid, Exoristobia Philippinensis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) And Ophyra Spinigera Larva (Diptera: Muscidae), Chen Chee Dhang
Chen Chee Dhang
A forensic entomological study was conducted using monkey carcasses (Macaca fascicularis Raffles) that were placed in either an outdoor or indoor environment at a coastal area in Tanjung Sepat, Selangor, Malaysia during May until August 2008. We collected pupae of Chrysomya rufifacies (Marquart) from the carcasses and kept them individually. The emergence of 13 parasitic microhymenopteran, from one of the pupae occurring within a week were identified as Exoristobia philippinensis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Another observation was made whereby a pupa of C. rufifacies was predated by a muscid larva, Ophyra spinigera (Stein). The larva squeezed into the pupa and consumed …