Life Sciences Commons^™

Efficient Gene Transfer In C.Elegans: Extrachromosomal Maintenance And Integration Of Transforming Sequences, Craig Mello, James Cramer, Dan Stinchcomb, Victor Ambros

Victor R. Ambros

We describe a dominant behavioral marker, rol-6(su-1006), and an efficient microinjection procedure which facilitate the recovery of Caenorhabditis elegans transformants. We use these tools to study the mechanism of C.elegans DNA transformation. By injecting mixtures of genetically marked DNA molecules, we show that large extrachromosomal arrays assemble directly from the injected molecules and that homologous recombination drives array assembly. Appropriately placed double-strand breaks stimulated homologous recombination during array formation. Our data indicate that the size of the assembled transgenic structures determines whether or not they will be maintained extrachromosomally or lost. We show that low copy number extrachromosomal transformation can …

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The Alpha-Adrenergic Stimulation Of Atrial Natriuretic Factor Expression In Cardiac Myocytes Requires Calcium Influx, Protein Kinase C, And Calmodulin-Regulated Pathways, C A. Sei, C E. Irons, A B. Sprenkle, P M. Mcdonough, J H. Brown, C C. Glembotski

Amy Sprenkle

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Action Of Heptaminol Hydrochloride On Contractile Properties In Frog Isolated Twitch Muscle Fibre, Bruno Allard, Vincent Jacquemont, Fouad Lemtiri-Chlieh, Bernard Pourrias, Oger Rougier

fouad Lemtiri-Chlieh

1 Heptaminol stopped or delayed the progressive decline in tension which characterizes the phenomenon of fatigue in frog isolated twitch muscle fibre. 2 Heptaminol had no action on the sodium, potassium and calcium voltage-dependent ionic conductances. 3 The hypothesis of an action via an internal alkalinization was tested by comparison with the action of NH4Cl. Both substances increased the tension. 4 The action of hepataminol was suppressed in sodium-free (TRIS) solution or in the presence of amiloride while the action of NH4Cl was always observed. 5 These results could be explained by a stimulation of the Na/H antiport by heptaminol.

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The Electrical Response Of Maize To Auxin, Hubert Felle, Winfried Peters, Klaus Palme

Winfried S. Peters

Overwintering Egg Populations Of A Pine Sawfly, Neodiprion Autumnalis, On Ponderosa Pine Near Gillette, Wyoming, Judith Pasek

Judith E Pasek

Sampling Windbreaks For Borers And Defoliators, Judith E. Pasek

Judith E Pasek

Development of sampling methods to detect, assess, and study insect populations in windbreaks depends upon knowledge of insect life cycles, habits, and distributions, habitat characteristics, and sampling objectives. Techniques ranging from detection surveys to population estimates have been developed for cankerworms, pine tip moths, carpenterworms, and lilac borers.

Control Of Apoplast Ph In Corn Coleoptile Segments. I: The Endogenous Regulation Of Cell Wall Ph, Winfried Peters, Hubert Felle

Winfried S. Peters

Control Of Apoplast Ph In Corn Coleoptile Segments. Ii: The Effects Of Various Auxins And Auxin Analogues, Winfried Peters, Hubert Felle

Winfried S. Peters

Overwintering Egg Populations Of A Pine Sawfly, Neodiprion Autumnalis, On Ponderosa Pine Near Ft. Meade In South Dakota, Judith Pasek

Judith E Pasek

Alternative Temporal Control Systems For Hypodermal Cell Differentiation In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Zhongchi Liu, Victor Ambros

Victor R. Ambros

Beginning of article: In certain multicellular organisms, genetic regulatory systems that specify the timing of cell division, differentiation and morpho-genesis must accommodate environmental and physiological contingencies that perturb or arrest development. For example, Caenorhabditis elegans can either develop continuously through four larval stages (L1–L4) or arrest indefinitely as a 'dauer larva' at the second larval (L2) moult, and later resume L3 and L4 development. At the larva-to-adult (L4) moult of both con-tinuous and 'post-dauer' development, hypodermal cells switch (the 'L/A switch') from a proliferating state to the terminally differentiated state. Four temporal regulators, lin-4, lin-14, lin-28 and lin-29, have been …

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Molecular Cloning Of Lin-29, A Heterochronic Gene Required For The Differentiation Of Hypodermal Cells And The Cessation Of Molting In C.Elegans, A. Papp, A. Rougvie, Victor Ambros

Victor R. Ambros

The lin-29 gene product of C.elegans activates a temporal developmental switch for hypodermal cells. Loss-of-function lin-29 mutations result in worms that fail to execute a stage-specific pattern of hypodermal differentiation that includes exist from the cell cycle, repression of larval cuticle genes, activation of adult cuticle genes, and the cessation of molting. Combined genetic and physical mapping of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) was used to identify the lin-29 locus. A probe from the insertion site of a Tc1 (maP1), closely linked and to the left of lin-29 on the genetic map, was used to identify a large set of …

Thermodynamics Of Charged Oligopeptide Nucleic Acid Interactions, David Mascotti, T. Lohman

David P. Mascotti

No abstract provided.

Β−Amylase From Arabidopsis: A Model Plant Enzyme For Biochemical Studies, Jonathan Monroe, M. Salminen

Jonathan D. Monroe

No abstract provided.

Changes In Hydraulic Conductivity And Anatomy Caused By Drying And Rewetting Roots Of Agave Deserti (Agavaceae), Gretchen North, P. Nobel

Gretchen North

Concurrent determinations of changes in hydraulic conductivity and tissue anatomy were made for roots of Agave deserti excised during drying and following rewetting in soil. At 30 d of drought, hydraulic conductivity had declined less than twofold for older nodal roots, tenfold for young nodal roots, and more than 20-fold for lateral roots ("rain roots" occurring as branches on the nodal roots). These decreases were consistent with increases in cortical lacunae caused by cell shrinkage and collapse. Similarly, reduction of lacunae in response to rewetting after 7 d of drought corresponded to levels of recovery in hydraulic conductivity, with young …

Clonal Integration: Nutrient Movement Between Sister Ramets Of Solidago Altissima, W. Abrahamson, S. Anderson, K. Mccrea

Warren G. Abrahamson, II

No abstract provided.

An Evolutionary Perspective On Salt, Hypertension, And Human Genetic Variability, Fatimah Linda Collier Jackson

Fatimah Linda Collier Jackson

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Populations Of Douglas-Fir Beetle In Scorched And Green Trees 2 Years Following The Clover Mist Fire On The Clarks Fork Ranger District, Shoshone National Forest, Wyoming, Judith E. Pasek

Judith E Pasek

In 1990, Douglas-fir beetle (DFB), Dedroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins spread from Douglas-firs blackened by the 1988 Clover Mist Fire to partially scorched and green trees on the Clarks Fork Ranger District, Shoshone National Forest in northwestern Wyoming. Adult DFB began emerging in early May and peaked during June. Scorched trees were attacked first and green trees were selected generally after mid-June. A mean of 20 DFB emerged per 36 sq. in. of heavily-infested bark surface.

Total brood production in fall bark samples taken at 5-7 ft. was high, averaging 28 DFB per 36 sq. in., and represents a 1.5- to 2-fold …

Review Essay Of Two Books On The History Of Science, Charles Kay Smith

Charles Kay Smith

Contrary to what I was taught in high school in the mid-1940s, science is no longer defined as an inductive methodology for immaculately conceiving culture-free truth after sifting through a huge data base of objective facts. For without some prior hypothesis to guide her, a scientist would not be able to decide which facts were relevant. Nowadays hypotheses can come from anywhere in the imagination or culture within which the scientist is working. The importance of a scientific hypothesis is that it be framed in such a way that it can be falsified when tested. Science now has a history …

Reproductive Compatibility Of New World Screwworms, Cochliomyia Hominivorax, From North Africa And Central America., David B. Taylor, Leslie Hammack, Richard L. Roehrdanz

David B. Taylor

The reproductive compatibility of New World screwworms, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), from North Africa and a strain being mass produced for the Mexican eradication programme was examined to assess the feasibility of using flies from the Mexican screwworm mass production facility for a sterile insect technique eradication programme in North Africa. Males from the production strain mated randomly with females from North Africa and from the production strain when both were present. Neither strain of males discriminated between cuticular extracts of North African and production strain females containing a contact sex pheromone. Interstrain crosses between North African flies and production flies …