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Nicotine Withdrawal Increases Stress- Associated Genes In The Nucleus Accumbens Of Female Rats In A Hormone-Dependent Manner, Laura Elena O'Dell Ph.D.
Nicotine Withdrawal Increases Stress- Associated Genes In The Nucleus Accumbens Of Female Rats In A Hormone-Dependent Manner, Laura Elena O'Dell Ph.D.
Laura Elena O'Dell
Introduction: Previous work led to our hypothesis that sex differences produced by nicotine withdrawal are modulated by stress and dopamine systems in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc). We investigated our hypothesis by studying intact females to determine whether the mechanisms that promote withdrawal are ovarian-hormone mediated. Methods: Female rats were ovariectomized (OVX) or received sham surgery (intact) on postnatal day (PND 45–46). On PND 60, they received sham surgery (controls) or were prepared with nicotine pumps. Fourteen days later, half of the rats had their pumps removed (nicotine withdrawal) and the other half received sham surgery (nicotine exposure). Twenty-four hours later, …
Cholinergic Transmission During Nicotine Withdrawal Is Influenced By Age And Pre-Exposure To Nicotine: Implications For Teenage Smoking, Laura O'Dell
Laura Elena O'Dell
Adolescence is a unique period of development characterized by enhanced tobacco use and long-term vulnerability to neurochemical changes produced by adolescent nicotine exposure. In order to understand the underlying mechanisms that contribute to developmental differences in tobacco use, this study compared changes in cholinergic transmission produced by exposure to nicotine and withdrawal from nicotine in rats of different ages, some of which had exposure to nicotine as adolescents. The first study compared extracellular levels of acetylcholine (ACh) in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) during nicotine withdrawal in adolescent, adult and adult rats that were exposed to nicotine during adolescence. Adolescent (PND …
Insulin-Resistant Rats Display Enhanced Nicotine Reward Following A High-Fat Diet Regimen., Laura O'Dell
Insulin-Resistant Rats Display Enhanced Nicotine Reward Following A High-Fat Diet Regimen., Laura O'Dell
Laura Elena O'Dell
Tobacco use among persons displaying type II diabetes exponentially increases negative health consequences and mortality rates. Especially troubling, diabetic persons who smoke display reduced rates of tobacco cessation as compared to non-diabetic smokers. Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome that consists of insulin resistance due to disruptions in insulin signaling. Insulin has been shown to modulate mesolimbic reward circuitry in response to drugs of abuse, such as nicotine. This study utilized the conditioned place preference paradigm (CPP) to examine nicotine reward in a rat model of insulin resistance induced by the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD). Rats were placed on …
Enhanced Nicotine Self-Administration And Suppressed Dopaminergic Systems In A Rat Model Of Diabetes, Laura O'Dell
Enhanced Nicotine Self-Administration And Suppressed Dopaminergic Systems In A Rat Model Of Diabetes, Laura O'Dell
Laura Elena O'Dell
Patients with diabetes display a heightened propensity to use tobacco; however, it is unclear whether they experience enhanced rewarding effects of nicotine. Thus, this study examined the reinforcing effects of nicotine in a rodent model of diabetes involving administration of streptozotocin (STZ), a drug that is toxic to pancreatic insulin-producing cells. The first study compared STZ- and vehicle-treated rats that had 23-hour access to intravenous self-administration (IVSA) of nicotine or saline and concomitant access to food and water. In order to examine the contribution of dopamine to our behavioral effects, dopamine transporter (DAT), D1 and D2 receptor levels were compared …
Behavioral, Biochemical, And Molecular Indices Of Stress Are Enhanced In Female Versus Male Rats Experiencing Nicotine Withdrawal, Laura O'Dell
Laura Elena O'Dell
Stress is a major factor that promotes tobacco use and relapse during withdrawal. Although women are more vulnerable to tobacco use than men, the manner in which stress contributes to tobacco use in women versus men is unclear.Thus, the goal of this study was to compare behavioral and biological indices of stress in male and female rats during nicotine withdrawal. Since the effects of nicotine withdrawal are age-dependent, this study also included adolescent rats. An initial study was conducted to provide comparable nicotine doses across age and sex during nicotine exposure and withdrawal. Rats received sham surgery or an osmotic …
Effect Of Nicotine On Body Composition, Laura O'Dell
Effect Of Nicotine On Body Composition, Laura O'Dell
Laura Elena O'Dell
No abstract provided.