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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

2003

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Articles 1 - 30 of 107

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

The Influence Of Chop Location On Pork Loin Quality (2003), J W. Homm, R C. Johnson, John A. Unruh Jan 2003

The Influence Of Chop Location On Pork Loin Quality (2003), J W. Homm, R C. Johnson, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pork longissimus muscle quality characteristics were evaluated on 109 center cut boneless loins. After 21 d aging, loins were cut into 1-inch chops and allowed to bloom for 30 minutes before visual measurements (color, marbling and firmness) and instrumental color were recorded for each chop. Overall, visual color was the lightest on the anterior and posterior ends and was the darkest from approximately 50% to 80% of the length of the loin. Marbling was the highest at the posterior end, lowest in mid-loin, then higher toward the anterior end. Loins were the softest at the anterior end and became firmer …

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Effects Of Pregnancy In Feedlot Heifers On Performance And Carcass Characteristics (2003), G.L. Bishop, J.R. Brethour, T.T. Marston, T.E. Lawrence Jan 2003

Effects Of Pregnancy In Feedlot Heifers On Performance And Carcass Characteristics (2003), G.L. Bishop, J.R. Brethour, T.T. Marston, T.E. Lawrence

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixty-eight, spring-born, yearling heifers were raised, estrous synchronized, artificially inseminated once, and then finished at the Kansas State University Western Kansas Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center Center at Hays to determine the effects of pregnancy status on feedlot performance and carcass traits. To achieve a common endpoint at slaughter, heifers were allotted to one of two slaughter dates to achieve a backfat measurement of 0.5 inch. Therefore, both open and pregnant heifers were slaughtered at either 105 or 147 days (fetal age averaged 174 days for the pregnant heifers). Initial weight, rate of gain, and final weight were similar …

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The Optimal True Ileal Digestible Lysine Requirement For 22 To 45 Lb Pigs (2003), N A. Lenehan, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

The Optimal True Ileal Digestible Lysine Requirement For 22 To 45 Lb Pigs (2003), N A. Lenehan, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,440 pigs (initially 22.5 lb and 21 d after weaning) was used in a 21-d growth assay to determine the optimal lysine level to maximize growth performance of 22- to 45-lb pigs. Pigs were fed one of five dietary treatments with increasing dietary lysine (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5% true digestible lysine). All diets had the same soybean meal level with crystalline amino acids added to achieve the increasing lysine levels while maintaining a minimum ratio of all other amino acids to lysine. Average daily gain and feed efficiency improved linearly (P<0.01) with increasing dietary lysine. Although the response to lysine was linear (P<0.01), it would appear that pigs weighing between 22 and 45 lb require approximately 1.4% true digestible lysine (1.54% total lysine) to maximize growth performance.; Swine Day, 2003, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2003

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Particle Size, Mill Type, And Added Fat Influence Flow Ability Of Ground Corn (2003), C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, C W. Hastad, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

Particle Size, Mill Type, And Added Fat Influence Flow Ability Of Ground Corn (2003), C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, C W. Hastad, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We conducted three experiments to determine effect of particle size, mill type, and added fat on flow characteristics of ground corn. In Experiment 1, corn was ground with either a hammer mill or a roller mill to produce six samples with different particle sizes. The particle size for the corn ground with a roller mill ranged from 1,235 to 502 microns with standard deviation ranging from 1.83 to 2.03. Particle size for corn ground with a hammer mill ranged from 980 to 390 microns with standard deviation ranging from 2.56 to 2.12. All samples were dried 12 hours to equalize …

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Changes In Fed Cattle Marketing Methods: Survey Results (2003), C. Ward, J. Lawrence, D. Feuz, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 2003

Changes In Fed Cattle Marketing Methods: Survey Results (2003), C. Ward, J. Lawrence, D. Feuz, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Significant changes in fed cattle marketing methods have occurred over time. This report summarizes a survey conducted to determine current and intended marketing practices of cattle feeders. Use of marketing agreements has increased over time. In 1996, 23% of cattle fed by survey respondents were sold under some type of marketing agreement. This increased to 52% in 2001 and was expected to increase to 65% by 2006. Use by cattle feeders of cash live and carcass weight pricing is expected to decline, and grid pricing is expected to increase substantially over time. The percentage of cattle that survey respondents marketed …

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Effect Of Information And Information Source On Consumer Preference For Food Irradiation, John A. Fox, Michael A. Boland, W. Grady Jan 2003

Effect Of Information And Information Source On Consumer Preference For Food Irradiation, John A. Fox, Michael A. Boland, W. Grady

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of consumer information about food irradiation and the source of the information was studied through a survey mailed to 400 residents each of Manhattan and Topeka, Kansas. Two-thirds of the surveys contained a brochure providing answers to frequently asked questions about irradiation, one-third did not. Half of the informational brochures were altered to suggest they were from industry, half from the government. The survey questioned consumer choice between irradiated and non-irradiated ground beef patties, with price differentials from 10 cents/lb to 40 cents/lb costlier for irradiated patties. A greater price differential resulted in less preference for irradiated beef …

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The Effects Of Poultry Meal And Fishmeal On Growth Performance Of Weanling Pigs (2003), T P. Keegan, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

The Effects Of Poultry Meal And Fishmeal On Growth Performance Of Weanling Pigs (2003), T P. Keegan, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 210 weanling pigs (initially 16.4 lb and 21 ± 2 d of age, PIC) was used to evaluate the effects of select menhaden fishmeal and stabilized poultry meal on growth performance of nursery pigs. Five dietary treatments were fed from d 0 to 28 after weaning. Diets included a control with no specialty protein products and diets with 2.5% and 5.0% fishmeal and poultry meal replacing the lysine provide by fishmeal at 2.9% and 5.9%. All the diets were formulated on an equal lysine basis. Overall (d 0 to 28), pigs fed diets containing fishmeal had greater …

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Corn Particle Size And Pelleting Influence On Growth Performance, Fecal Shedding, And Lymph Node Infection Rates Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium (2003), M R. Barker, J Ernest Minton, Joel M. Derouchey, K M. Bond, D J. Lee, T E. Burkey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

Corn Particle Size And Pelleting Influence On Growth Performance, Fecal Shedding, And Lymph Node Infection Rates Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium (2003), M R. Barker, J Ernest Minton, Joel M. Derouchey, K M. Bond, D J. Lee, T E. Burkey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety-six pigs (initially 13.8 lb.) were used in a 28-d trial to determine the interactive effects between pelleting and particle size on Salmonella serovar Typhimurium shedding and colonization in a young growing pig model. The experiment was a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement consisting of meal or pelleted diets with fine or coarse ground corn. Pigs were fed the diets 1 wk pre-salmonella inoculation and allotted based on weight to one of four dietary treatments. For the main effect of particle size, pigs fed finer ground corn had significantly improved feed efficiency (P0.82). There was no difference in salmonella infection …

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Comparison Of Antimicrobial Alternatives In Diets For Nursery Pigs (2003), T P. Keegan, C W. Hasted, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

Comparison Of Antimicrobial Alternatives In Diets For Nursery Pigs (2003), T P. Keegan, C W. Hasted, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 720 weanling pigs (12.8 lb and 18 ± 2 d of age, PIC) was used in two trials to determine the effectiveness of antimicrobial alternatives in diets for nursery pigs. Pigs were fed one of 8 experimental diets: 1) Control with no antibiotics or antimicrobial alternatives, 2) carbadox (50 g/ton), 3) Probios® (1.6% from d 0 to 14 and 0.8% from d 14 to 21), 4) BioSaf® (0.3%), 5) Biomate Yeast Plus® (0.1%), 6) Bio-Mosâ„¢(0.3%), 7) Bio-Plus® 2B (0.05%), or 8) LactoSacc® (0.2%). BioSaf®, Biomate® Yeast Plus®, and Lacto Sacc® are all concentrated forms of selected live …

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Effects Of L-Carnitine On Fetal Growth And The Insulin-Like Growth Factor System In Pigs (2003), A T. Waylan, B J. Johnson, J P. Kayser, D P. Gnad, J D. Dunn, E K. Sissom, James J. Higgins, J C. Woodworth Jan 2003

Effects Of L-Carnitine On Fetal Growth And The Insulin-Like Growth Factor System In Pigs (2003), A T. Waylan, B J. Johnson, J P. Kayser, D P. Gnad, J D. Dunn, E K. Sissom, James J. Higgins, J C. Woodworth

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve sows were used to examine the effects of feeding L-carnitine from artificial insemination to mid-gestation on maternal circulating IGF-I and carnitine concentrations and fetal growth. Supplementing L-carnitine did not influence the serum concentration of IGF-I. However, sows that were fed carnitine had increased circulating plasma free carnitine. Litters from sows fed L-carnitine were heavier and had more fetuses. The increase in litter fetus number was not detrimental to other growth traits such as individual fetal weight or crown to rump length. Our study suggests that feeding L-carnitine to gestating sows is beneficial for fetal growth and development.; Swine Day, …

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Warner-Bratzler Shear Force Values And Ranges Of Steaks From Cattle Of Known Sires (2003), Michael E. Dikeman, E.J. Pollak, J. Taylor, S. Davis, T. Holm, S. Koontz, C. Gill, Daniel W. Moser, E.A. Dressler Jan 2003

Warner-Bratzler Shear Force Values And Ranges Of Steaks From Cattle Of Known Sires (2003), Michael E. Dikeman, E.J. Pollak, J. Taylor, S. Davis, T. Holm, S. Koontz, C. Gill, Daniel W. Moser, E.A. Dressler

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Carcass data and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) data on strip loin steaks were collected from nearly 8,500 cattle in contemporary groups of progeny from the more popular sires in 14 different beef cattle breeds in the Carcass Merit Traits project funded by Beef Checkoff dollars, the breed associations, and MMI Genomics. In addition, trained sensory panel evaluations were conducted on over 2,500 strip loin steaks from contemporary groups of progeny from five sires included in the DNA marker validation component of the project. The correlation between WBSF and tenderness scored by the trained sensory panel was -0.82, indicating that as …

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Efficacy Of Buffered Sodium Citrate Alone And In Combination With Sodium Diacetate Against Listeria Monocytogenes On Beef Franks (2003), E. Ceylan, M. Hajmeer, James L. Marsden Jan 2003

Efficacy Of Buffered Sodium Citrate Alone And In Combination With Sodium Diacetate Against Listeria Monocytogenes On Beef Franks (2003), E. Ceylan, M. Hajmeer, James L. Marsden

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of buffered sodium citrate alone and in combination with sodium diacetate against L. monoyctogenes on beef frank samples stored at 39°F. Initial inoculum level of L. monocytogenes was 1.5 log colony forming units (CFU)/cm2. After 6 weeks of incubation at 39°F, the pathogen reached 5.4 log CFU/cm2 in the control sample, but was 1.2 log CFU/cm2 and 0.85 log CFU/cm2 in samples treated with 1% buffered sodium citrate alone and in combination with 0.1% sodium diacetate, respectively. Use of buffered sodium citrate and the combination of buffered sodium citrate and sodium diacetate should improve safety …

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Effects Of Supplemental Protein Removal On Total And Acid-Resistant E. Coli, Total Coliforms, And Performance In Finishing Steers (2003), M.A. Greenquist, C.M. Gordon, J.J. Sindt, James S. Drouillard, Randall K. Phebus Jan 2003

Effects Of Supplemental Protein Removal On Total And Acid-Resistant E. Coli, Total Coliforms, And Performance In Finishing Steers (2003), M.A. Greenquist, C.M. Gordon, J.J. Sindt, James S. Drouillard, Randall K. Phebus

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fifty-four crossbred finishing steers were used to measure the effects of reducing supplemental protein (nitrogen) on feedlot performance and fecal shedding of acid-resistant Escherichia coli and total coliform bacteria. A control diet (15.0% crude protein; high protein) was compared to a low protein diet (8.9% crude protein; low protein) from which supplemental nitrogen sources (urea and soybean meal) were removed for the last 8 days of the feeding period. Fecal E. coli and coliform populations were measured prior to harvest. Removal of supplemental nitrogen from feedlot cattle diets did not substantially reduce populations of acid-resistant fecal E. coli and coliforms. …

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Effect Of Two New Teat Dip Preparations On Teat Condition, Somatic Cell Count, And Incidence Of Mastitis Under Natural Exposure (2003), E.L. Burkitt, W.F. Miller, Michael V. Scheffel, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2003

Effect Of Two New Teat Dip Preparations On Teat Condition, Somatic Cell Count, And Incidence Of Mastitis Under Natural Exposure (2003), E.L. Burkitt, W.F. Miller, Michael V. Scheffel, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Application of an iodophor teat dip before and after milking is a common practice in the dairy industry as an effective method of preventing mastitis by reducing microbial populations at the teat end. Overall effectiveness of a teat dip is a function of its ability to reduce the microbial population and maintain a pliable teat skin condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate a new conditioning component in iodophor teat dips containing either 0.5% or 1.0% iodine. Two experiments were conducted during late winter (133 cows) and during summer (104 cows) to evaluate two new iodophor teat dips …

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2003 Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service Jan 2003

2003 Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Effect Of Processing Variables On Characteristics Of Steam-Flaked Corn (2003), J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, E.R. Loe, James S. Drouillard Jan 2003

Effect Of Processing Variables On Characteristics Of Steam-Flaked Corn (2003), J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, E.R. Loe, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated tempering moisture concentration, addition of a surfactant to improve moisture uptake, steam conditioning time, and flake density to determine their impact on characteristics of steam-flaked corn. Increasing steam conditioning time from 20 to 40 minutes or adding a surfactant during tempering did not increase final flake moisture concentration, but moisture content of flaked corn was linearly increased by increasing tempering moisture concentration. Addition of Grain Prep® surfactant during tempering decreased (P<0.05) the amount of moisture lost during flaking. Flake durability was increased by increasing tempering moisture concentration, but only if corn was steamed for 40 minutes (tempering moisture x steam time interaction; P<0.10). Decreasing flake density linearly increased both starch availability (P<0.01) and flake durability (P<0.05). In this experiment, tempering moisture concentration had the largest impact on flake moisture content, and flake density was the most influential variable altering flake durability and starch availability.

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Effects Of Mga In Receiving Diets On Health, Performance, And Carcass Characteristics (2003), M.J. Sulpizio, T.J. Kessen, E.R. Loe, Sean P. Montgomery, J.N. Pike, J.J. Sindt, James S. Drouillard Jan 2003

Effects Of Mga In Receiving Diets On Health, Performance, And Carcass Characteristics (2003), M.J. Sulpizio, T.J. Kessen, E.R. Loe, Sean P. Montgomery, J.N. Pike, J.J. Sindt, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A trial was conducted using 723 crossbred heifers (468 lb initially) to evaluate the effects of including melengestrol acetate (MGA) in receiving diets on growth performance, morbidity, mortality, and carcass characteristics. Treatments were: 1) MGA included in the receiving diet at a rate of 0.5 mg per heifer daily or 2) no MGA in the receiving diet. Diets were fed once daily and contained 42% steam-flaked corn, 45% alfalfa hay, 6% steep liquor, and 2% tallow; monensin and tylosin were included. Receiving diets were fed for 35 days. After 35 days MGA was fed to all heifers, and cattle were …

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Effects Of Increasing Crystalline Lysine And Dietary Fat On Finishing Pig Growth Performance (2003), R G. Main, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

Effects Of Increasing Crystalline Lysine And Dietary Fat On Finishing Pig Growth Performance (2003), R G. Main, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,024 barrows (each initially 157 lb, PIC L337 x C22) were used in a 28-d study to evaluate the effects of increased crystalline amino acids (none versus 4.5 lb/ton of L-lysine HCl plus L-threonine to maintain the proper ratio relative to lysine) and added dietary fat (none, 3 or 6% choice white grease) on finishing pig growth performance. All experimental diets were formulated with a constant true ileal digestible lysine:ME ratio based on NRC, (1998) ingredient values for ME. A minimum true ileal digestible threonine:lysine ratio of 68% and a minimum true ileal digestible methionine + cystine:lysine …

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Effects Of Increasing Crystalline Amino Acids And The Subsequent Change In Diet Net Energy On Growing Pig Performance (2003), M U. Steidinger, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

Effects Of Increasing Crystalline Amino Acids And The Subsequent Change In Diet Net Energy On Growing Pig Performance (2003), M U. Steidinger, J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three individual trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of increasing the amount of crystalline amino acids (L-lysine, L threonine, and DL-methionine) as a replacement for soybean meal in the diet on pig growth performance. A second objective was to determine if increasing net energy (NE) concentration in the diet as a result of increased crystalline amino acids and less soybean meal would affect pig growth. In all three studies, pigs (each approximately 21 lb) were fed a cornsoybean meal diet, or diets with 2, 4, 6, or 8 lb/ton L-lysine HCl and other amino acids to maintain their proper …

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Estimates Of Parameters Between Direct And Maternal Genetic Effects For Weaning Weight And Genetic Effects For Carcass Traits In Crossbred Cattle (2003), R.K. Splan, L.V. Cundiff, L.D. Van Vleck, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2003

Estimates Of Parameters Between Direct And Maternal Genetic Effects For Weaning Weight And Genetic Effects For Carcass Traits In Crossbred Cattle (2003), R.K. Splan, L.V. Cundiff, L.D. Van Vleck, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Estimates of heritabilities and genetic correlations were obtained from weaning weight records of 23,681 crossbred steers and heifers, and carcass data of 4,094 crossbred steers using REML applied to animal models. Direct and maternal heritabilities for weaning weight were 0.14 and 0.19, respectively. The genetic correlation between direct and maternal weaning weight was negative (-0.18). Heritabilities for carcass traits of steers were moderate to large (0.34 to 0.60). Genetic correlations between direct genetic effects for weaning weight and carcass traits were small, except with hot carcass weight (0.70), ribeye area (0.29) and adjusted fat thickness (0.26). Genetic correlations of maternal …

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Kansas Fertilizer Research 2002, Ray E. Lamond Jan 2003

Kansas Fertilizer Research 2002, Ray E. Lamond

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Comparison Of Three Methods Of Feeding Sows In Gestation And The Subsequent Effects On Lactation Performance (2003), M G. Young, F X. Aherne, R G. Main, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

Comparison Of Three Methods Of Feeding Sows In Gestation And The Subsequent Effects On Lactation Performance (2003), M G. Young, F X. Aherne, R G. Main, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 684 sows from breeding groups over six weeks were used to compare three methods of feeding during gestation and to assess the subsequent effects on lactation performance. Control gilts and sows were fed according to body condition based on a scale of 1 to 5, (1=thin, 5=fat). Sows were visually assessed for body condition at breeding and were assigned a daily feed allowance to achieve a body condition score of 3 at farrowing. Sow body condition was evaluated every two weeks throughout gestation, and feed allowance was adjusted as required. Treatment two used feeding levels based on …

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Effects Of Increasing Dietary Lysine In Phase Ii Diets (15- To 25-Lb) On Nursery Pig Growth Performance (2003), J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

Effects Of Increasing Dietary Lysine In Phase Ii Diets (15- To 25-Lb) On Nursery Pig Growth Performance (2003), J L. Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,260 weanling pigs (initially 18.6 lb) was used in a 19 d growth assay (d 10 to 29 after weaning) to determine the effects of increasing lysine in Phase II diets on nursery pig growth performance. All pigs were weaned and fed 1.2 lb per pig of a SEW diet, then switched to a transition diet until day 10 after weaning. Pigs were then weighed and switched to experimental diets containing true digestible lysine levels of 1.22, 1.32, 1.42, 1.52, and 1.62%, corresponding to approximately 1.36, 1.47, 1.56, 1.65, and 1.75% total lysine. All diets were formulated …

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Comparison Of Antibiotics And Antimicrobial Alternatives On Growth Performance Of Weanling Pigs In A Commercial Environment (2003), T P. Keegan, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

Comparison Of Antibiotics And Antimicrobial Alternatives On Growth Performance Of Weanling Pigs In A Commercial Environment (2003), T P. Keegan, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 320 weanling pigs (11.7 lb and 14 ± 3 d of age, PIC) was used to determine the effects of antibiotics and antimicrobial alternatives in diets for nursery pigs reared in a commercial environment. Pigs were fed one of 5 experimental diets: 1) control with no antimicrobials; 2) carbadox (50 g/ton); 3) Lacto- Sacc® (0.2%); 4) Bio-Plus® 2B (0.05%); or 5) Bio-Mosâ„¢(0.3%). Lacto Sacc® is a concentrated form of selected live yeast cells while Bio Plus® 2B contains two bacillus strains. Bio-Mosâ„¢ is a mannanoligosaccharide derived from yeast. Overall (d 0 to 31 postweaning), pigs fed the …

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The Influence Of Dietary Fat Level And Crystalline Amino Acid Additions On Growth Performance Of 25- To 50-Lb Pigs (2003), J Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

The Influence Of Dietary Fat Level And Crystalline Amino Acid Additions On Growth Performance Of 25- To 50-Lb Pigs (2003), J Usry, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

To determine the effects of increasing added fat on pig growth performance 1,440 pigs (each initially 26 lb) were used in a 21 d growth trial. Pigs were fed diets containing none, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0% choice white grease. Increasing added fat reduced (linear, P<0.05) ADFI and improved F/G. Although ADG was not significantly affected by fat level, increasing added fat from 0 to 1.5% or greater resulted in a 1-lb increase in total weight gain over the entire trial. The greatest improvement in feed efficiency was also observed with the addition of the first 1.5% fat; however, further increases in dietary fat continued to linearly reduce ADFI and improve F/G. These results would suggest that from 25 to 50 lb, 1.5 to 3.0% added fat optimized pig growth performance. Based on the results of Experiment 1, we conducted Experiment 2 to confirm the optimum level of added fat in combination with increased use of crystalline amino acids (3 vs 6 lb/ton L-lysine + other amino acids) to meet the pig's lysine requirements. In Experiment 2, 1,152 pigs (each initially 21 lb) were fed one of four dietary treatments arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial. Main effects included added fat (3 or 6%) and crystalline amino acid amounts (3 vs 6 lb/ton Llysine HCl with other amino acids added to maintain proper amino acid to lysine ratios). No differences were observed in growth performance, but based on current ingredient prices, reducing the amount of soybean meal by the use of higher levels of crystalline amino acids increased margin over feed cost. In conclusion, these data indicate that 3% added fat will optimize growth performance and margin over feed costs, and that the use of greater amounts of crystalline amino acids (up to 6 lb/ton L-lysine with added L-threonine and DL methionine) are efficiently used by the pig and will also help further increase margin over feed costs.; Swine Day, 2003, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2003

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Effects Of A Heat-Stable Yeast Product And Antibiotics In Diets For Nursery Pigs (2003), C L. Jones, C W. Starkey, Joe D. Hancock Jan 2003

Effects Of A Heat-Stable Yeast Product And Antibiotics In Diets For Nursery Pigs (2003), C L. Jones, C W. Starkey, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 192 pigs (average initial BW of 15 lb and 21 d of age) were used in a 35-d experiment to determine the effects of a heatstable yeast product on growth performance of nursery pigs fed diets without and with antibiotics. Treatment diets were formulated to: 1.7% lysine for d 0 to 7, 1.5% lysine for d 7 to 21, and 1.3% lysine for d 21 to 35. The treatments were arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial, with main effects of antibiotics (without and with carbadox at 50 g/ton) and yeast (without and with 0.2% Biosaf). All …

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Effects Of Bioplus 2b And Levucell Sb On Weanling Pig Growth Performance And Fecal Shedding In Response To Oral Challenge With Salmonella Serovar Typhimurium (2003), M R. Barker, Jerome C. Nietfeld, J Ernest Minton, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2003

Effects Of Bioplus 2b And Levucell Sb On Weanling Pig Growth Performance And Fecal Shedding In Response To Oral Challenge With Salmonella Serovar Typhimurium (2003), M R. Barker, Jerome C. Nietfeld, J Ernest Minton, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty-five pigs (initially 12.9 lb and 15 ±1 d of age) were used in two 28-d trials to determine the effects of the probiotics BioPlus 2B (a bacillus-based product from Chr. Hansen BioSystems), a source of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, and Levucell SB (an active dry yeast product from Lallemand Animal Nutrition), a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) product that is a source of mannanoligosaccharides on growth and performance of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium shedding in a young growing pig model. Pigs were fed one of five dietary treatments: 1) A control diet containing no probiotics or antibiotics; 2) the control …

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Relative Value Of Ruminally Degradable And Undegradable Protein On The Utilization Of Low-Quality Prairie Hay By Steers (2003), T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, C.G. Farmer, E.A. Klevesahl, J.I. Arroquy, D.E. Johnson, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2003

Relative Value Of Ruminally Degradable And Undegradable Protein On The Utilization Of Low-Quality Prairie Hay By Steers (2003), T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, C.G. Farmer, E.A. Klevesahl, J.I. Arroquy, D.E. Johnson, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An experiment was performed to investigate the impact of providing six levels of ruminally degradable protein (RDP; protein that is available to ruminal microbes) in combination with two levels of ruminally undegradable protein (RUP; protein that is not available to the ruminal microbes, but can be digested directly by cattle) on the intake and digestion of low-quality prairie hay. Twelve steers were provided unlimited access to low-quality prairie hay (5.3% crude protein and 71.7% neutral detergent fiber) throughout the trial. To simulate dietary RUP, casein was infused abomasally once daily at either 0 or 0.087% of body weight. To simulate …

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Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Yearling Steers And Heifers Fed Agrado™ Throughout The Finishing Period (2003), J.J. Sindt, B. Dicke, T.J. Klopfenstein, L. Borck, James S. Drouillard Jan 2003

Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Yearling Steers And Heifers Fed Agrado™ Throughout The Finishing Period (2003), J.J. Sindt, B. Dicke, T.J. Klopfenstein, L. Borck, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A finishing experiment was conducted at a commercial feedlot facility in Larned, Kansas, using 3,295 yearling steers and heifers to evaluate effects of Agrado™ addition to finishing diets. Agrado (ethoxyquin) is a dietary anti-oxidant that protects against oxidative loss of critical vitamins and prevents rancidity and unpalatable odors. Supplementing finishing diets of yearling steers and heifers with 150 ppm Agrado had no measurable effects on growth performance or carcass characteristics.

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Ruminal Ammonia Load Does Not Affect Histidine Utilization In Growing Steers (2003), K.C. Candler, M.S. Awawdeh, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2003

Ruminal Ammonia Load Does Not Affect Histidine Utilization In Growing Steers (2003), K.C. Candler, M.S. Awawdeh, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fermentation of dietary protein in the rumen leads to ammonia absorption, which could impair amino acid utilization in cattle. Our study was conducted to determine the effects of rumen ammonia load on histidine utilization. Six ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (318 lb) housed in metabolism crates were used in a 6 x 6 Latin square design. Treatments were arranged as a 3 x 2 factorial and included: 0, 1.5, or 3 grams/day L-histidine infused abomasally; and 0 or 80 grams/day urea infused ruminally to supply a metabolic ammonia load. As expected, urea infusions increased rumen ammonia and plasma urea concentrations. No …

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