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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

1987

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Articles 1 - 30 of 87

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

The Effect Of Season On Response Of Growing-Finishing Pigs To Dietary Fat Levels (1987), G L. Allee, G R. Stoner, M E. Johnston, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1987

The Effect Of Season On Response Of Growing-Finishing Pigs To Dietary Fat Levels (1987), G L. Allee, G R. Stoner, M E. Johnston, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This experiment was conducted to examine the influence of season on the response of finishing pigs to practical levels of fat addition. A total of 378 pigs (average initial weight per trial ranging from 83 to 98 pounds) were utilized in four finishing trials conducted during time frames approximating the 4 seasons of the year. Groups of pigs were taken off trial as they reached market weight (230 pounds). There was no season x fat level interaction for any of the criteria measured. Therefore, it is concluded that season has essentially no effect on fat level response. Fat addition influenced …

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Protein Requirement Of Finishing Barrows And Gilts (110 To 230 Lbs) (1987), Robert H. Hines, B A. Koch, David A. Nichols, L M. Turlington, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1987

Protein Requirement Of Finishing Barrows And Gilts (110 To 230 Lbs) (1987), Robert H. Hines, B A. Koch, David A. Nichols, L M. Turlington, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty barrows and 80 gilts were fed diets containing four crude protein levels (16, 15, 14, and 13%) from approximately 115 lb to a market weight of 230-235 lb. Barrows and gilts were fed separately to determine their protein requirements during the finishing period. Performance traits (ADG, ADF, and F/G) of barrows and gilts were not significantly affected by increasing the protein content of the diet from 13 to 16%. However, barrows linearly decreased in fat thickness at the 10th rib as crude protein content in the diet was increased. Also, percent muscle increased linearly with increased protein for barrows, …

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The Changing Structure Of Red Meat Demand (1987), James Mintert Jan 1987

The Changing Structure Of Red Meat Demand (1987), James Mintert

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Testing for a demand change was done using pork and beef demand models estimated over the 1950-1984 period. Results suggest that a structural change has taken place in both beef and pork demand. The beef demand change, however, appears to have been more severe than that noted for pork.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 19, 1987

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Effect Of Various Anthelmintics On Growing-Finishing Swine Reared On Dirt Lots (1987), Robert H. Hines, D A. Schoneweis Jan 1987

Effect Of Various Anthelmintics On Growing-Finishing Swine Reared On Dirt Lots (1987), Robert H. Hines, D A. Schoneweis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials involving 262 pigs were conducted to evaluate five worming programs for growing-finishing pigs fed on dirt lots heavily infected with roundworm (Ascarid) eggs. The control pigs (no anthelmentic) were compared in performance (ADG, F/G) and lung liver lesions at slaughter with pigs that received ivermectin on day 1 or day 28, pyrantel tartrate for the first 28 days, or purge treatments between day 28 to 31 with dichlovos or fenbendazole. All pigs gained at a similar rate regard less of treatment; however, those pigs receiving fenbendozole were 8.4% more efficient and those receiving Ivermectin on day 28 were …

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Effects Of Trenbolone Acetate And Zeranol Implants On Performance, Carcass, And Meat Traits Of Young Bulls And Steers, R.D. Johnson, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1987

Effects Of Trenbolone Acetate And Zeranol Implants On Performance, Carcass, And Meat Traits Of Young Bulls And Steers, R.D. Johnson, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Implanting young bulls and steers with trenbolone acetate and zeranol (Ralgro ®) resulted in increased slaughter weights and carcasses that tended to have more marbling than those of control bulls. Furthermore, steaks from both implanted bulls and implanted steers tended to have less detectable connective tissue. Control bulls had larger scrotal circumferences and heavier testicle weights than implanted bulls. Other secondary sex characteristics were not affected, but in these bulls slaughtered at an average age of 13.6 months, sexual development was minimal. Implanting steers with trenbolone acetate and zeranol resulted in performance and carcass and meat quality slightly superior to …

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Compudose® Compared With Synovex-H® For Finishing Yearling Heifers, S.B. Laudert Jan 1987

Compudose® Compared With Synovex-H® For Finishing Yearling Heifers, S.B. Laudert

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feedlot heifers implanted once with either Compudose® or Synovex-H® performed similarly, with daily gains of 3.16 vs 3.27 lbs, respectively. Compudose retention in the ear was 97.5%. Implant site abscess rate was 2.5% for Compudose and 13.7% for Synovex-H.

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Influence Of Ionophore Addition To A High-Concentrate Diet On Net Nutrient Absorption In Steers, D.L. Harmon, K.L. Gross, T.B. Avery Jan 1987

Influence Of Ionophore Addition To A High-Concentrate Diet On Net Nutrient Absorption In Steers, D.L. Harmon, K.L. Gross, T.B. Avery

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feeding the ionophores monensin and lasalocid In a high-concentrate diet resulted in gut tissues utilizing less glucose. Monensin caused less urea to be recycled. The new, experimental ionophore (lCI 139603) resulted in an increased net absorption of acetate. Thus, ionophores may differ in how they execute their effects on feed efficiency.

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Effects Of Mga And Prostaglandin On Estrus Induction And Synchronization In Cows And Heifers, R.C. Perry, G.W. Boyd, T.B. Goehring, L.R. Corah Jan 1987

Effects Of Mga And Prostaglandin On Estrus Induction And Synchronization In Cows And Heifers, R.C. Perry, G.W. Boyd, T.B. Goehring, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four trials were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Melegestrol Acetate (MGA ®) and prostaglandin (PGF) in inducing and synchronizing estrus. In trial 1, treated heifers were fed MGA for 7 days and given a PGF injection on either the first or last day of MGA feeding. The 7-day estrus response was higher (P<.01) for treated heifers than untreated controls. In trial 2, treated cows were fed MGA for 7 days and given a PGF Injection on the last day of MGA feeding or 13 days after the last day of MGA feeding. The 7-day estrus response was also higher (P<.01) in treated cows. In trial 3, 59 cows were fed MGA for 7 days followed by a PGF injection, and exposed to bulls for 66 days. The MGA-PGF treatment was ineffective in synchronizing estrus and hastening conception. In trial 4, feeding MGA for 7 days successfully synchronized estrus in. cycling cows, but first service conception rates were reduced by 10% in the Kansas study and by 16% in a four state study.

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Effect Of Environmental Temperature And An Inoculant On The Fermentation Of Forage Sorghum Silage, K. Bolsen Jan 1987

Effect Of Environmental Temperature And An Inoculant On The Fermentation Of Forage Sorghum Silage, K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The inoculants, BioPower®, increased the rate and efficiency of ensiling in Acco Paymaster 351 forage sorghum regardless of storage temperature. The untreated, 60 F silage fermentated slower and had higher pH, lower lactic acid, and higher acetic acid values than its 90 F counterpart.

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Evaluation Of Stocking Rate, Compudose® Implants, And Rumensin® Ruminal Delivery Devices Within Intensive-Early Stocking, R.C. Cochran, Jack G. Riley, Clenton E. Owensby, G. Towne, E.S. Vanzant, Ronald V. Pope Jan 1987

Evaluation Of Stocking Rate, Compudose® Implants, And Rumensin® Ruminal Delivery Devices Within Intensive-Early Stocking, R.C. Cochran, Jack G. Riley, Clenton E. Owensby, G. Towne, E.S. Vanzant, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Stocking rate in an intensive-early stocking system (1.25, 1.50, or 1.76 acres per steer) did not influence steer gains. Available forage on loamy upland sites was lower after steer removal on July 15 for the highest stocking rate. However, after late season rest, available forage was similar for all stocking rates. Steer gains were consistently greater for groups implanted with Compudose® (estradiol 78β or Compudose plus a Rumensin® (monensin) ruminal delivery device. The Rumensin device alone was successful in increasing average daily gain only at the highest stocking rate.

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Effect Of Several Spaying Methods On Grazing Heifer Gains, Gerry L. Kuhl, T. Goehring, B. Ritter, S. Laudert, W. Mccully Jan 1987

Effect Of Several Spaying Methods On Grazing Heifer Gains, Gerry L. Kuhl, T. Goehring, B. Ritter, S. Laudert, W. Mccully

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Several spaying and ovarian autografting methods were tested in three field trials with 658 grazing heifers. None of the techniques examined were found to have a beneficial effect on heifer gains compared to intact controls. Heifers' initial weight, frame size, and body condition score were associated with cattle performance; however, their relative impact on gains varied across the three trials.

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Influence Of Sorghum Grain Supplementation On Forage Utilization By Beef Steers Consuming Immature Bluestem, E.S. Vanzant, A.A. Beharka, R.C. Cochran, T.B. Avery, K.A. Jacques Jan 1987

Influence Of Sorghum Grain Supplementation On Forage Utilization By Beef Steers Consuming Immature Bluestem, E.S. Vanzant, A.A. Beharka, R.C. Cochran, T.B. Avery, K.A. Jacques

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Supplementing beef steers consuming immature bluestem with 0, 1, 2, or 4 lbs of sorghum grain daily did not affect forage intake. Thus, total intake increased as level of grain increased. Total dry matter, cell wall, and starch digestibilities were mildly depressed with increasing grain. Rumen fill and rates of passage were similar for all treatments, and differences in rumen fermentation characteristics were minimal.

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The Effects Of Added Niacin During Lactation On Sow And Litter Performance (1987), Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1987

The Effects Of Added Niacin During Lactation On Sow And Litter Performance (1987), Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An on-farm field study utilizing 231 sows was conducted to determine the effects of added niacin during a 21-day lactation on sow and litter performance. At farrowing, sows were assigned to one of two dietary treatments that provided either 200 or 1000 mg niacin/day. All Iitters were equalized within dietary treatment by 24 hours following farrowing. All sows had a similar number of pigs born alive, pigs equalized per litter, and average pig and litter birth weights. Feeding sows a diet providing 1000 mg additional niacin did not significantly affect the number of pigs weaned, pig survival, or average pig …

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Characteristics Of Frankfurters From Preblended Pork (1987), Curtis L. Kastner, Y I. Choi, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1987

Characteristics Of Frankfurters From Preblended Pork (1987), Curtis L. Kastner, Y I. Choi, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Five pork carcasses were used to determine the effects of hot boning and various combinations of salt (0, 1.5, or 3.0%) and a phosphate mixture (0 or 0.5%) on functional, processing, and storage characteristics of preblended pork (preblends). Although hot-boned (HB) preblends had superior functional properties compared to conventionally boned (CB) preblends, HB and CB frankfurters had similar characteristics. More (P(.05) myosin and actin (proteins that cause lean and fat particles to bind together) were extracted from HB than CB preblends. Addition of salt (1.5 or 3.0%) or phosphate (0.5%) generally increased myosin and actin extraction in both HB and …

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Relationship Of Age At Puberty And Postpartum Interval To Estrus In Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Females, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, J.R. Brethour, W.R. Negus Jan 1987

Relationship Of Age At Puberty And Postpartum Interval To Estrus In Angus X Hereford And Brahman X Hereford Females, D.J. Patterson, L.R. Corah, J.R. Brethour, W.R. Negus

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Records of age at puberty (AAP) and postpartum interval to estrus (PPI) for heifers calving first at 2 years of age were used to determine the relationship between the two reproductive parameters. In Brahman x Hereford (BxH) females, there was no relationship between AAP and PPJ. In Angus x Hereford (AxH) females, PPI increased as AAP decreased. The data suggest that heifers heavier at weaning reach puberty younger, but PPJ may be longer following their first calving. Heifers larger at weaning may need to be managed differently to improve performance during the first postpartum period.

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Implant Comparisons In Grazing And Finishing Spayed Heifers, S.B. Laudert, Gerry L. Kuhl, A.J. Edwards Jan 1987

Implant Comparisons In Grazing And Finishing Spayed Heifers, S.B. Laudert, Gerry L. Kuhl, A.J. Edwards

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Heifers that were flank-spayed plus rumen-ovarian autografted (FS+A) responded similarly to Ralgro®, Synovex-H®, and Synovex-S® implants on' pasture. Grazing heifers spayed by the Kimberling-Rupp technique also responded similarly to Synovex-H and Synovex-S implants. During the finishing phase, heifers implanted with Synovex-S gained 5.7% faster than heifers implanted with Ralgro, and those implanted with Synovex-H were intermediate in performance. There was no statistical interaction between spaying method and implant treatment during either the grazing or finishing phases.

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Assessing Swine Enterprise Efficiency With Computerized Records (1987), D E. Orr Jr Jan 1987

Assessing Swine Enterprise Efficiency With Computerized Records (1987), D E. Orr Jr

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Successful swine producers must be adaptable, utilize new technology, and know their herd production levels and costs if they want to alter those production factors that have an economic impact. A summary of the effect of various production factors on swine profitability is presented, using actual herd data in composite form. These data illustrate the production and financial impact that today's technology will have on future swine production units.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 19, 1987

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Effects Of Flushing, Altrenogest, And Pubertal Status On Litter Traits In Gilts (1987), M T. Rhodes, Duane L. Davis, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1987

Effects Of Flushing, Altrenogest, And Pubertal Status On Litter Traits In Gilts (1987), M T. Rhodes, Duane L. Davis, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We tested the effects of flushing (3.4 lb extra ground sorghum grain for at least 10 days before estrus) and estrous synchronization with altrenogest on litter traits in gilts. Altrenogest had no effect on litter size or weight, but flushing increased both traits. The response to flushing occurred entirely among gilts artificially inseminated at the pubertal estrus. Pubertal gilts represented approximately 40% of the gilts in our experiment, and their improvement in litter size was almost two pigs. When all gilts were considered, flushing improved litter size by .9 pigs.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 19, 1987

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Feeding Value Of Wheat And Sorghum Grain As Indicated By Absorbed Nutrients, K.L. Gross, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery Jan 1987

Feeding Value Of Wheat And Sorghum Grain As Indicated By Absorbed Nutrients, K.L. Gross, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Steers fed diets based on dry-rolled wheat or sorghum grain alone or combined (50:50) showed no differences in net portal fluxes of glucose, L-lactate, ammonia, urea, or α-amino nitrogen. Portal blood flow was increased in steers fed the 50:50 diet. Total volatile fatty acid flux into the portal blood tended to be lower for steers fed the sorghum grain diet, which may partially explain the lower feeding value of sorghum grain compared to wheat or the two grains combined.

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Effect Of Sprouting And Weather Damage On Feeding Value Of Grain Sorghum (Summary Of Beef, Swine, And Poultry Trials), H. Turlington, G. Allee, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope Jan 1987

Effect Of Sprouting And Weather Damage On Feeding Value Of Grain Sorghum (Summary Of Beef, Swine, And Poultry Trials), H. Turlington, G. Allee, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Grain sorghum officially graded as 39% damaged (sprouted) with 10% broken kernels or foreign material was fed to beef steers, growing swine, and broilers to compare its feeding value to that of normal grain sorghum. Damaged grain constituted 0, 50, or 100% of the grain portion of the rations. Cattle performance during a 57-day finishing period was not reduced by feeding sprouted grain sorghum. However, the swine and broiler trials suggest that sprouted grain sorghum has a slightly lower energy value.

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Effects Of Energy Level And Lasalocid On Productivity Of Fall-Calving, First-Calf Heifers, T. Goehring, L. Corah, James J. Higgins Jan 1987

Effects Of Energy Level And Lasalocid On Productivity Of Fall-Calving, First-Calf Heifers, T. Goehring, L. Corah, James J. Higgins

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fall-calving, first-calf heifers (136 head) were fed TDN levels approximating 85% or 100% of NRC recommendations, with or without 200 mg/hd/day lasalocid. Those fed the recommended diet gained more weight from 130 days prepartum to calving and showed more improvement in condition score before calving than those on the low-energy diet. After calving, the group fed the recommended energy level lost less weight and condition and had better reproductive performance than the low-energy group. The only effect of lasalocid was to improve calf performance in the low-energy group.

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Factors Predicting The Probability Of Estrus And Pregnancy, T. Goehring, L. Corah, James J. Higgins Jan 1987

Factors Predicting The Probability Of Estrus And Pregnancy, T. Goehring, L. Corah, James J. Higgins

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A statistical analysis was used to determine which live animal traits are useful in predicting reproductive performance in first-calf heifers. Heifer condition score at calving and change in condition score postcalving, calving difficulty score, and milk production were related to the probability of estrus and pregnancy. Condition score at calving had the greatest impact and, to a great extent, moderates the influence of the other traits.

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Effect Of Fat Source On Performance Of Weaned Pigs (1987), W H. Turlington, G L. Allee, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1987

Effect Of Fat Source On Performance Of Weaned Pigs (1987), W H. Turlington, G L. Allee, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 5-week trial was conducted to compare various fat sources for the weaned pig. A total of 150 pigs were weaned at 19 days of age and allotted, by weight, to five dietary treatments. Treatments consisted of a control with no added fat and four fat sources (choice white grease, coconut oil, soybean oil and tallow). During the first 2 weeks, 10% fat was added, and 5% fat was added during the last 3 weeks. Average daily gain and feed/gain of weaned pigs were improved with the addition of dietary fat. During the first 2 weeks, pigs fed soybean oil …

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Characteristics Of Aerial Dust In Finishing Buildings (1987), A J. Heber, M Stroik Jan 1987

Characteristics Of Aerial Dust In Finishing Buildings (1987), A J. Heber, M Stroik

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eleven finishing units were surveyed to study the characteristics of aerial dust and factors that influence dust concentrations. Feed dust was the major portion of the total dust mass and can be minimized with feed additives, less feed wastage, enclosed feed delivery, and periodic cleaning. Ventilation was the primary method for dust removal. Naturally ventilated buildings had higher dust concentrations than mechanically ventilated buildings because of lower average airflow rates, especially during cold weather. Swine workers can minimize respiratory symptoms by wearing face masks.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 19, 1987

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Evaluating Serving Capacity Of Yearling Beef Bulls - A Field Trial, G. Boyd, L. Corah Jan 1987

Evaluating Serving Capacity Of Yearling Beef Bulls - A Field Trial, G. Boyd, L. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Results from two trials showed that serving capacity (SC) can be successfully evaluated in yearling beef bulls under field conditions and is influenced by sire line (P<.01). Also, providing sexual experience to low SC yearling bulls can improve SC and should be a standard part of the test. Scrotal circumference and breeding soundness examination scores, both traditional measures of bull fertility, were unrelated to SC.

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Compudose® Vs Ralgro®/Synovex-S® Or Synovex-S®/Synovex-S® Reimplant Programs For Finishing Yearling Steers, S.B. Laudert, R.W. Lee Jan 1987

Compudose® Vs Ralgro®/Synovex-S® Or Synovex-S®/Synovex-S® Reimplant Programs For Finishing Yearling Steers, S.B. Laudert, R.W. Lee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three field trials were conducted with finishing yearling steers to compare the performance of cattle receiving Compudose® or Ralgro®/Synovex-S® and Synovex-S®/Synovex-S® reimplant combinations. No differences were found between Compudose and the reimplant programs in cattle daily gain, feed efficiency, or cost of gain. Compudose retention was 97.5% in the 1317 head implanted. Synovex-S implant site abscess rate ranged from 5.7 to 15.4%.

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Comparative Feeding Value Of Grain Sorghum And Corn In Beef Cattle Diets, G. Goldy, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley Jan 1987

Comparative Feeding Value Of Grain Sorghum And Corn In Beef Cattle Diets, G. Goldy, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Homozygous yellow endosperm grain sorghum had no advantage in feeding value over heterozygous yellow endosperm hybrids (P>.05). A heterozygous yellow endosperm hybrid, Funk's 550, had larger kernels (P<.001) and when dry rolled, produced more fine particles (P<.01). This may explain its trend toward improved feed efficiency, higher DM digestibility, and greater in vitro VFA production compared with the other dry processed grain sorghum hybrids tested. Our results do not support the traditional 12 to 16% price discount for grain sorghum relative to corn.

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Influence Of Mixtures Of High Moisture Corn And Dry Rolled Wheat On Finishing Performance And Carcass Characteristics, B.J. Bock, Robert T. Brandt Jr., D.L. Harmon Jan 1987

Influence Of Mixtures Of High Moisture Corn And Dry Rolled Wheat On Finishing Performance And Carcass Characteristics, B.J. Bock, Robert T. Brandt Jr., D.L. Harmon

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Dry rolled wheat and high moisture corn were fed singly and in three combinations in a 132-day finishing trial. Daily gain, feed intake, and final live weight were greatest on the 75% corn:25% wheat diet. Feed efficiencies and carcass characteristics were not affected by grain combination. Daily gain and feed intake tended to decrease as percentage of wheat in the diet increased above 25%.

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Color Formation And Retention In Fresh Beef, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, D. Piske Jan 1987

Color Formation And Retention In Fresh Beef, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, D. Piske

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We conducted two studies in response to a severe problem with ground beef color encountered by beef fabricators and retailers. We concluded that: (1) Loss of muscle chemical-reducing capability upon grinding, with subsequent color deterioration, results from both the mechanical effect of grinding and incorporation of oxygen into the beef. (2) Flat, thin, surface muscles from beef carcasses retain more ability to bloom (turn bright red) if they are removed by hot boning or after a relatively short chill period.

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Measurement Of The Binding Properties Of Meat Used In Restructured Beef Products, S.J. Goll, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 1987

Measurement Of The Binding Properties Of Meat Used In Restructured Beef Products, S.J. Goll, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The dried weight of the material washed from meat surfaces by distilled water closely paralleled the binding strength between meat particles as measured by tensile strength testing. Sponges added to meat pieces during mixing were a poor estimation of protein extraction and binding strength.

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