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Drift And Activity Responses Of Black Flies (Simulium Vittatum) In The Field: Influences Of Tactile And Injury-Released Stimuli From Simulated Predation, Aaron M. Sullivan, Elyse C. Johnson
Drift And Activity Responses Of Black Flies (Simulium Vittatum) In The Field: Influences Of Tactile And Injury-Released Stimuli From Simulated Predation, Aaron M. Sullivan, Elyse C. Johnson
Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science
Prey must manage threat from many types of predators; therefore, selection should favor sensory mechanisms that allow the refinement of defensive behavior. To assess responses to tactile and chemical stimuli related to predation, we observed drift and activity of larval black flies ( Simulium vittatum) to simulated predator contact intended to imitate benthic and drift predators as well as a combination of tactile and injury-released stimuli. In the field, larvae responded to tactile stimuli applied to the head with a higher frequency of curling and posterior abdominal segments with a higher frequency of drifting. Additionally, chemical cues from injured conspecifics …
Antipredator Behavior In Desmognathus Ochrophaeus: Threat-Specific Responses To Chemical Stimuli In A Foraging Context, Elyse C. Johnson, Aaron M. Sullivan
Antipredator Behavior In Desmognathus Ochrophaeus: Threat-Specific Responses To Chemical Stimuli In A Foraging Context, Elyse C. Johnson, Aaron M. Sullivan
Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science
Prey species may reduce the likelihood of injury or death by engaging in defensive behavior but often incur costs related to decreased foraging success or efficiency. To lessen these costs, prey may adjust the intensity or type of antipredator behavior according to the nature of the perceived threat. We evaluated the potential for threat-sensitive responses by Allegheny Mountain dusky salamanders (Desmognathus ochrophaeus) exposed to chemical stimuli associated with predation by asking three questions:(1) Do individual D. ochrophaeus respond to chemical cues in a threat-sensitive manner? (2) Do salamanders exhibit the same pattern of behavioral response while foraging? and (3) Is …