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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Proopiomelanocortin Neurons In Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Are Activated By Visceral Afferents: Regulation By Cholecystokinin And Opioids, Suzanne M. Appleyard, Timothy W. Bailey, Mark W. Doyle, Young-Ho Jin, James L. Smart, Malcolm J. Low, Michael C. Andresen
Proopiomelanocortin Neurons In Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Are Activated By Visceral Afferents: Regulation By Cholecystokinin And Opioids, Suzanne M. Appleyard, Timothy W. Bailey, Mark W. Doyle, Young-Ho Jin, James L. Smart, Malcolm J. Low, Michael C. Andresen
Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science
The nucleustractus solitarius (NTS) receives dense terminations from cranial visceral afferents, including those from the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Although the NTS integrates peripheral satiety signals and relays this signal to central feeding centers, little is known about which NTS neurons are involved or what mechanisms are responsible. Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are good candidates for GI integration, because disruption of the POMC gene leads to severe obesity and hyperphagia. Here, we used POMC– enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgenic mice to identify NTS POMC neurons. Intraperitoneal administration of cholecystokinin (CCK) induced c-fos gene expression in NTS POMC–EGFP neurons, suggesting that they …
Identification Of Neuronal Enhancers Of The Proopiomelanocortin Gene By Transgenic Mouse Analysis And Phylogenetic Footprinting, Flavio S. J. De Souza, Andrea M. Santangelo, Viviana Bumaschny, Marıa Elena Avale, James L. Smart, Malcolm J. Low, Marcelo Rubinstein
Identification Of Neuronal Enhancers Of The Proopiomelanocortin Gene By Transgenic Mouse Analysis And Phylogenetic Footprinting, Flavio S. J. De Souza, Andrea M. Santangelo, Viviana Bumaschny, Marıa Elena Avale, James L. Smart, Malcolm J. Low, Marcelo Rubinstein
Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science
The proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene is expressed in the pituitary and arcuate neurons of the hypothalamus. POMC arcuate neurons play a central role in the control of energy homeostasis, and rare loss of function mutations in POMC cause obesity. Moreover, POMC is the prime candidate gene within a highly significant quantitative trait locus on chromosome 2 associated with obesity traits in several human populations. Here, we identify two phylogenetically conserved neuronal POMC enhancers designated nPE1 (600 bp) and nPE2 (150 bp) located approximately 10 to 12 kb upstream of mammalian POMC transcriptional units. We show that mouse or human genomic regions …
Aerodynamics Of The Hovering Hummingbird, Douglas R. Warrick, Bret W. Tobalske, Donald R. Powers
Aerodynamics Of The Hovering Hummingbird, Douglas R. Warrick, Bret W. Tobalske, Donald R. Powers
Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science
Despite profound musculoskeletal differences, hummingbirds (Trochilidae) are widely thought to employ aerodynamic mechanisms similar to those used by insects. The kinematic symmetry of the hummingbird upstroke and downstroke has led to the assumption that these halves of the wingbeat cycle contribute equally to weight support during hovering, as exhibited by insects of similar size. This assumption has been applied, either explicitly or implicitly, in widely used aerodynamic models, and in a variety of empirical tests. Here we provide measurements of the wake of hovering rufous hummingbirds (Selasphorus rufus) obtained with digital particle image velocimetry that show force asymmetry: hummingbirds produce …
Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase Kinase/Calmodulin Kinase I Activity Gates Extracellular-Regulated Kinase-Dependent Long-Term Potentiation, John M. Schmitt, Eric S. Guire, Takeo Saneyoshi, Thomas R. Soderling
Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase Kinase/Calmodulin Kinase I Activity Gates Extracellular-Regulated Kinase-Dependent Long-Term Potentiation, John M. Schmitt, Eric S. Guire, Takeo Saneyoshi, Thomas R. Soderling
Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science
No abstract provided.
Preservation Of Eumelanin Hair Pigmentation In Proopiomelanocortin-Deficient Mice On A Nonagouti (A/A) Genetic Background, Andrzej Slominski, Przemyslaw M. Plonka, Alexander Pisarchik, James L. Smart, Virgine Tolle, Jacobo Wortsman, Malcolm J. Low
Preservation Of Eumelanin Hair Pigmentation In Proopiomelanocortin-Deficient Mice On A Nonagouti (A/A) Genetic Background, Andrzej Slominski, Przemyslaw M. Plonka, Alexander Pisarchik, James L. Smart, Virgine Tolle, Jacobo Wortsman, Malcolm J. Low
Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science
No abstract provided.
To Avoid Or Not To Avoid? Factors Influencing The Discrimination Or Predator Diet Cues By A Terrestrial Salamander, Aaron M. Sullivan, Amy L. Picard, Dale M. Madison
To Avoid Or Not To Avoid? Factors Influencing The Discrimination Or Predator Diet Cues By A Terrestrial Salamander, Aaron M. Sullivan, Amy L. Picard, Dale M. Madison
Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science
Many prey species use chemical cues deposited by predators to assess predation risk, and some prey are capable of discriminating among predator chemical traces based on the predator’s recent diet. Here we test the influence of genetic relatedness (degree of genetic similarity between prey) and ecological relatedness (degree of refuge and trophic overlap between syntopic prey) on the evolution of predator-diet discrimination by red-backed salamanders, Plethodon cinereus. In experiment 1, we examined whether red-backed salamanders from Binghamton University (Binghamton, New York, U.S.A.) would differentially respond to chemical traces from garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis) fed conspecific P. cinereus from four populations …
Nocturnal Shift In The Antipredator Response To Predator-Diet Cues In Laboratory And Field Trials, Aaron M. Sullivan, Dale M. Madison, John C. Maerz
Nocturnal Shift In The Antipredator Response To Predator-Diet Cues In Laboratory And Field Trials, Aaron M. Sullivan, Dale M. Madison, John C. Maerz
Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science
No abstract provided.
Decline In Avoidance Of Predator Chemical Cues: Habituation Or Biorhythm Shift?, Aaron M. Sullivan, John C. Maerz, Dale M. Madison
Decline In Avoidance Of Predator Chemical Cues: Habituation Or Biorhythm Shift?, Aaron M. Sullivan, John C. Maerz, Dale M. Madison
Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science
No abstract provided.