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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Past, Current, And Future Potential Distributions Of Red Spruce And Fraser Fir Forests In The Southern Appalachians: Interpreting Possible Impacts Of Climate Change, Danika Mosher
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Spruce-Fir forests are relicts from the Pleistocene and can only be found within the Southern Appalachians. Analyzing the relationships between species distribution, climatic parameters, topography, and biotic interactions through ecological niche modeling creates prediction maps for conservation efforts. Maxent, Boosted Regression, and Random Forest were utilized to compare which model and variable combinations best approximate the unique mountain forest environment. Maxent with a bias file produced optimal results and was used to examine distributional changes that may occur in the future and how these changes compare to paleo-environmental distributions. Fraser fir has shown evidence of being influenced by changing climates …
Climate Drives The Geography Of Marine Consumption By Changing Predator Communities, M. A. Whalen, R.D. B. Whippo, J. J. Stachowicz, (...), Paige G. Ross, Et Al
Climate Drives The Geography Of Marine Consumption By Changing Predator Communities, M. A. Whalen, R.D. B. Whippo, J. J. Stachowicz, (...), Paige G. Ross, Et Al
VIMS Articles
The global distribution of primary production and consumption by humans (fisheries) is well-documented, but we have no map linking the central ecological process of consumption within food webs to temperature and other ecological drivers. Using standardized assays that span 105° of latitude on four continents, we show that rates of bait consumption by generalist predators in shallow marine ecosystems are tightly linked to both temperature and the composition of consumer assemblages. Unexpectedly, rates of consumption peaked at midlatitudes (25 to 35°) in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres across both seagrass and unvegetated sediment habitats. This pattern contrasts with terrestrial systems, …
Analysis Of The Variables Affecting Plant Species Richness In Deserts, Eli R. Kallison, Ellen Thompson, Maddison Keen, Rusty Newman
Analysis Of The Variables Affecting Plant Species Richness In Deserts, Eli R. Kallison, Ellen Thompson, Maddison Keen, Rusty Newman
IdeaFest: Interdisciplinary Journal of Creative Works and Research from Cal Poly Humboldt
There are many hypotheses that attempt to explain patterns of species diversity in different environments. Deserts are a great place to study changes in species richness because they are relatively nutrient bare and exhibit low precipitation. This barebones environment means that slight shifts in climate and geography may lead to clear changes in species richness. We investigate how temperature, precipitation, water and light availability, latitude, elevation and other variables affect plant species richness in 20 deserts.
Biogeography, Morphology, And Systematics Of The Mountain Cottontail, Sylvilagus Nuttallii (Bachman, 1837), Mammalia: Lagomorpha: Leporidae, Johnnie H. French
Biogeography, Morphology, And Systematics Of The Mountain Cottontail, Sylvilagus Nuttallii (Bachman, 1837), Mammalia: Lagomorpha: Leporidae, Johnnie H. French
Dissertations and Theses
Widespread species often present taxonomic conundrums: are they truly a single panmictic species, or, is the widespread species in fact a polytypic species complex constituted by independently evolving, morphologically or otherwise cryptic species? One such broadly distributed taxon is Sylvilagus nuttallii, with distribution across the western United States, ranging from South Dakota to California, and from Canada to Arizona. The three subspecies constituting S. nuttallii are, however, geographically isolated and it has been hypothesized that they likely constitute independent, species level taxa. However, that study examined only two of the three holotypes, rather than broader geographic and non-geographic variation. …
Biological Flora Of The Tropical And Subtropical Intertidal Zone: Literature Review For Rhizophora Mangle L., Hudson R. Deyoe, Robert I. Lonard, Frank W. Judd, Richard Stalter, Ilka Feller
Biological Flora Of The Tropical And Subtropical Intertidal Zone: Literature Review For Rhizophora Mangle L., Hudson R. Deyoe, Robert I. Lonard, Frank W. Judd, Richard Stalter, Ilka Feller
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Rhizophora mangle L. is a tropical and subtropical mangrove species that occurs as a dominant tree species in the intertidal zone of low-energy shorelines. Rhizophora mangle plays an important role in coastal zones as habitat for a wide range of organisms of intertidal food webs, as a natural barrier to coastal erosion, and as carbon sequestration. A review of mangrove literature has been performed, but a review specifically on red mangroves has not. The approach was to cover a broad range of topics with a focus on topics that have seen significant work since the 1970s. This review includes a …
Shallow-Water Coral Communities Support The Separation Of Marine Ecoregions On The West-Central Florida Gulf Coast, Brian K. Walker, Shelby Eagan, Cory Ames, Sandra Brooke, Sean Keenan, Rene Baumstark
Shallow-Water Coral Communities Support The Separation Of Marine Ecoregions On The West-Central Florida Gulf Coast, Brian K. Walker, Shelby Eagan, Cory Ames, Sandra Brooke, Sean Keenan, Rene Baumstark
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles
Florida’s west coast is a 170,000 km2 bedrock shelf (west Florida shelf, WFS) comprised of north-south discontinuous carbonate outcroppings extending more than 200 km from the intertidal zone to a depth of 200 m. These outcrops support diverse benthic communities, which contribute to a multi-billion dollar recreational and commercial fishing industry, yet only about 5% of their extent has been studied in detail. Benthic communities shift over a 6.5° geographic range, but the locations of these shifts are not well-defined. Previous studies have suggested a break in biogeographic regions at Tampa Bay, south at Cape Romano, and north at …
A Biogeographical Assessment Of Arctic Marine Fungi, Bentley E. Simpson
A Biogeographical Assessment Of Arctic Marine Fungi, Bentley E. Simpson
Honors College
Marine fungi play a crucial role in recycling nutrients and channeling energy to higher trophic levels in the world oceans. Despite their critical role, their distributions and community composition, particularly in the Arctic, are largely unknown. This study reveals depth-related trends of abundance, diversity, and community composition of Arctic marine fungi through analysis of data obtained in the Tara Oceans expedition. With samples from surface (0-50 m), deep chlorophyll max (50-200 m), and mesopelagic (200-1000 m) depths, relative abundance, operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness, and diversity were found to increase as a function of depth. Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were found …
A Tale Of Two Species: Black-Tailed And White-Tailed Prairie Dog Biogeography From The Last Interglacial To 2070, April Dawn Bledsoe
A Tale Of Two Species: Black-Tailed And White-Tailed Prairie Dog Biogeography From The Last Interglacial To 2070, April Dawn Bledsoe
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Ecological niche models (ENMs) were created for White-tailed and Black-tailed prairie dogs and projected into the Last Interglacial (LI), the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and mid-Holocene (mid-H) to discern possible past suitable habitat for both species. Additionally, ENMs were projected into the future year 2070 representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 2.6 and 8.5 to discern how climate change may affect future habitat suitability. Kernel density estimations, minimum convex polygons, and median distribution centers of White-tailed and Black-tailed occurrence records were examined between time-periods to discern the effects of anthropogenic westward expansion on both species’ distributions. Current ENMs were constructed from commonly …
Examination Of Parasite Assemblages In Killifish Of The Genus Fundulus Across The Atlantic Coast Of The United States And Canada, Derek Garvey
HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations
Killifish of the genus Fundulus were examined to assess the factors shaping parasite community structure at a genus level. A database of previous parasite surveys on Fundulus species across the Atlantic coast of the United States and Canada was created from a literature review. The database included parasite and environmental factor data from 15 sources. Additional sites from New Brunswick, Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, North Carolina, and South Carolina were sampled for Fundulus species. The resulting database includes data for 10 species from a total of 57 unique geographic sites. Data on the diversity and abundance of metazoan parasites were …
Delineation Of Undescribed, Morphologically Cryptic Cave Beetles Of The Pseudanophthalmus Pubescens Species-Group (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae), Jedidiah John Nixon
Delineation Of Undescribed, Morphologically Cryptic Cave Beetles Of The Pseudanophthalmus Pubescens Species-Group (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae), Jedidiah John Nixon
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
The genus Pseudanophthalmus Jeannel is a widespread and extremely diverse taxon of troglobiont beetle endemic to the karst of eastern North America, with its distribution centered in Tennessee and Kentucky. Despite lying near the heart of this region, the pubescens species-group was thought to contain many undescribed species. In this study, the validities of several of the late Dr. Thomas Barr’s unpublished putative new species in the pubescens-group were tested both morphologically and molecularly. Body measurements (length and width for head, thorax, and abdomen), as well as male genital morphology were compared to see if they reflected theorized species limits.. …
Biogeographic Study Of Human Gut-Associated Crassphage Suggests Impacts From Industrialization And Recent Expansion, Tanvi P/ Honap, Krithivasan Sankaranarayanan, Stephanie L. Schnorr, Andrew T. Ozga, Christina Warinner, Cecil M. Lewis Jr.
Biogeographic Study Of Human Gut-Associated Crassphage Suggests Impacts From Industrialization And Recent Expansion, Tanvi P/ Honap, Krithivasan Sankaranarayanan, Stephanie L. Schnorr, Andrew T. Ozga, Christina Warinner, Cecil M. Lewis Jr.
Anthropology Faculty Research
CrAssphage (cross-assembly phage) is a bacteriophage that was first discovered in human gut metagenomic data. CrAssphage belongs to a diverse family of crAss-like bacteriophages thought to infect gut commensal bacteria belonging to Bacteroides species. However, not much is known about the biogeography of crAssphage and whether certain strains are associated with specific human populations. In this study, we screened publicly available human gut metagenomic data from 3,341 samples for the presence of crAssphage sensu stricto (NC_024711.1). We found that crAssphage prevalence is low in traditional, hunter-gatherer populations, such as the Hadza from Tanzania and Matses from Peru, as compared to …
Architectonica Karsteni Rutsch, 1934 (Gastropoda: Architectonicidae) In Seamounts Of The Nazca-Desventuradas Marine Park: First Evidence Of An Extant Population In Chilean Waters Since The Miocene, Cynthia M. Asorey, Javier Sellanes, Erin E. Easton, Rüdiger Bieler, Ariadna Mecho
Architectonica Karsteni Rutsch, 1934 (Gastropoda: Architectonicidae) In Seamounts Of The Nazca-Desventuradas Marine Park: First Evidence Of An Extant Population In Chilean Waters Since The Miocene, Cynthia M. Asorey, Javier Sellanes, Erin E. Easton, Rüdiger Bieler, Ariadna Mecho
School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
The presence of Architectonicidae in Chile was previously recorded only from fossil material of eight species present during the Lower Miocene, when Architectonica karsteni had a geographic range that extended from Costa Rica to central Chile (34°S). No evidence of the presence of the family in Chile after the Lower Miocene have been reported. As part of this study, we report the discovery of A. karsteni at four seamountsat ~200 m water depth in the recently created Nazca-Desventuradas Marine Park, located ~900 km west of continental Chile. Morphological identification was based on protoconch diameter, coloration patterns, and teleoconch sculpture. We …
In Memoriam: Ignacio Ribera (1963–2020), Emmanuel D. Delocado, Michael Balke, Hendrik Freitag
In Memoriam: Ignacio Ribera (1963–2020), Emmanuel D. Delocado, Michael Balke, Hendrik Freitag
Biology Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
From Gondwana To Gaarlandia: Molecular Phylogenetics And Historical Biogeography Of Spiders, Lisa Chamberland
From Gondwana To Gaarlandia: Molecular Phylogenetics And Historical Biogeography Of Spiders, Lisa Chamberland
Graduate College Dissertations and Theses
The distributions of Earth’s flora and fauna are shaped by a myriad of biotic and abiotic factors including dispersal capacity, and the geologic histories of landscapes. The relative importance of long-distance (overland or overwater) dispersal and vicariance, or the subsequent separations of populations via physical barriers (e.g. mountains, rivers, oceans) in shaping the disjunct distribution of taxa, are the two main biogeographic hypotheses used to explain disjunct distributions. This research explored the evolutionary histories of spiders to test how long-distance dispersal and vicariance have generated species diversity and distributions are shaped on local and global scales. In the first part …