Life Sciences Commons^™

Detection And Measurement Of Water Stress In Vegetation Using Visible Spectrum Reflectance, Arthur Zygielbaum

Department of Geography: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

At any scale, from a single microbe to the planet that nurtures us, water defines our place in the universe. It provides the hydraulic forces needed to give plants structure, and the medium enabling photosynthesis, the basis for most life on Earth, to occur. Knowledge of plant water status is vital to understanding the state or condition of vegetation, information which is essential to disciplines as diverse as agriculture, geography, and climatology. Non-destructive and remote sensing of plant water status allows the gathering of such information across wide geographic extents and over long periods of time. Monitoring vegetation remotely requires …

Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) Nam Proteins Regulate The Translocation Of Iron, Zinc, And Nitrogen Compounds From Vegetative Tissues To Grain, Brian M. Waters, Cristobal Uauy, Jorge Dubcovsky, Michael A. Grusak

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The NAM-B1 gene is a NAC transcription factor that affects grain nutrient concentrations in wheat (Triticum aestivum). An RNAi line with reduced expression of NAM genes has lower grain protein, iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) concentrations. To determine whether decreased remobilization, lower plant uptake, or decreased partitioning to grain are responsible for this phenotype, mineral dynamics were quantified in wheat tissues throughout grain development. Control and RNAi wheat were grown in potting mix and hydroponics. Mineral (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, and Zn) and nitrogen (N) contents of organs were determined at regular intervals to …

Experiencia De Productoras Con El Uso De Harina De Sorgo: Por Años El Cultivo Del Sorgo Ha Sido Utilizado Para El Consumo Humano Y Animal, Roxana Ortiz, Eduardo Funes

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

En marzo del año pasado, la industria panifi cadora experimento los precios altos que sufrió la harina de trigo y en la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas algunos de ellos se interesaron en el uso de harina de sorgo para elaborar pan dulce y bebidas étnicas.

Es así que el Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA) a través del Laboratorio de Alimentos impulsa esta tecnología. El interés de probar nuevas opciones llevo a muchas Panaderías, Asociaciones de Productoras, ONG, Industrias de Alimentos, Fundaciones y otras a capacitarse en el uso de esta harina.

An Integrated Crop- And Soil-Based Strategy For Variable-Rate Nitrogen Management In Corn, Darrin F. Roberts

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Nitrogen (N) management in cereal crops has been the subject of considerable research and debate for several decades. Historic N management practices have contributed to low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Low NUE can be caused by such things as poor synchronization between soil N supply and crop demand, uniform application rates of fertilizer N to spatially variable landscapes, and failure to account for temporally variable influences on soil N supply and crop N need. Active canopy reflectance sensors and management zones (MZ) have been studied separately as possible plant- and soil-based N management tools to increase NUE. Recently, some have …

Usan Sorgo Para Hacer Pan: El Centa Capacita A Panifi Cadores Para Usar Esa Materia Prima, Roxana Ortiz

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

En marzo del año pasado, la industria panifi cadora experimento los precios altos que sufrió la harina de trigo. En la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas, algunos productores se interesaron en el uso de harina de sorgo para elaborar pan dulce y bebidas étnicas.

Por esa razón, el Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA), a través del laboratorio de alimentos, impulsa esta tecnología.

Promueven Ventajas Nutritivas Del Sorgo: La Harina De Este Cereal Es Utilizada Para Elaborar Diversos Productivos Alimenticios, Roxana Ortiz

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Horchata, tiste, atoles saborizados, poleadas, pudín, harina de afrecho, pan francés y dulce son productos elaborados a base de sorgo o maicillo y son mezclados con otros ingredientes, técnica impulsada por especialistas del laboratorio de alimentos del Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA).

El proceso consiste en usar la harina sola de sorgo (100%) y mezclarla con otros cereales, rostizando el grano para la elaboración de bebidas o molido en seco para el desarrollo de otros productos.

Sorghum Grain Mold: Sustainable Pest Management Strategies, Intsormil

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Global losses due to grain mold are estimated to be $130 million annually. Sorghum grain mold is caused by a complex of fungal species, the most important being Fusarium thapsinum and Curvularia lunata. An additional 25 fungal genera are secondary invaders. Grain mold reduces the quantity of food available, as the fungus consumes a portion of the grain, and reduces the quality and economic value of what remains by producing pigments and toxins that make the grain less palatable and nutritious. Fusarium spp. and the secondarily invading Aspergillus spp. may produce toxins such as aflatoxins (a highly carcinogenic and …

Sorghum--Fuel Of The Future? Agronomist Studies Sorghum And Grass For Future Energy Source, Nancy Peterson, John Propheter, Scott Staggenborg

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Weighing in on crop production in West Africa might seem a bit of a stretch for a K-State agronomist; however, that’s not the case for Scott Staggenborg. He recently returned from his second visit to West Africa, where he reviewed sorghum research and crop production.

During the research trip to Tombouctou (also spelled Timbuktu), a West African city near the Niger River, he joined Malian researchers in exploring opportunities to improve sorghum production and management. The research effort is supported by the International Sorghum and Millet Improvement Program (INTSORMIL).

Growing conditions in the West African region are remarkably similar to …

Changes In Producer Attitudes Towards Windbreaks In Eastern Nebraska, 1983 To 2009, Kim Tomczak

Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses

Abstract Windbreaks are rows of trees or shrubs arranged on the landscape to reduce wind speed. In agricultural landscapes we find them as farmstead windbreaks, livestock windbreaks and field windbreaks. While farmstead and livestock windbreaks are well accepted by the agricultural community, field windbreaks are often viewed differently. A 1982 study of the attitudes of farmers in Eastern Nebraska indicated that many of the producers were around the age of 50 and that they used different types of windbreaks. This study repeated that survey in the same. When compared to data from 1982, farmers today are not educated about the …

Evaluating Hazelnut Cultivars For Yield, Quality And Disease Resistance, Sam Tobin

Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses

ABSTRACT This long term study focuses on testing various hazelnut cultivars for yield, nut quality and disease resistance. There are various cultivars that are being tested for these desired traits but only the Grand Traverse and Skinner will be applicable for the results of this localized study. The desired traits of commercial nut production are best matched by these two cultivars. Results from previous harvests will be used to draw trends to recommend commercially functional cultivars in Eastern Nebraska.

2008 Ksu Insortmil/Usaid Poultry Experiment In West Africa, S. Issa, J. D. Hancock

INTSORMIL Presentations

INTSORMIL (funded by USAID) promotes the use and marketability of sorghum and millet in developing nations around the world.

A key objective is to provide technology transfer that will improve production, storage, marketing, and utilization of sorghum and millet.

An additional objective is to build human capital via student training and collaboration with colleagues in targeted regions of the world.

Justification: We were approached by potential collaborators from the National Institute for Agronomic Research in Niger (INRAN).

Sorghum is the second most produced cereal (after millet) in Niger.

Locally produced sorghum is generally less expensive than imported corn, yet imported …

Promueven Sorgo O Maicillo Para Consumo Humano: El Grano De Sorgo Tiene Componentes Nutricionales Para Mejorar La Dieta Alimenticia, Así Lo Confirmó Una Técnica Del Laboratorio De Tecnología De Alimentos Del Centa, Roxana Ortiz, Eduardo Funes

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Horchata, tiste, atoles saborizados, poleadas, pudin, harina de afrecho, pan francés y dulce son productos elaborados a base de sorgo o maicillo y son mezclados con otros ingredientes, técnica impulsada por especialistas del Laboratorio de Alimentos del Centro Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal (CENTA).

La Técnica consiste en usar la harina sola de sorgo (100%) y mezclada con otros cereales, rostizando el grano para la elaboración de bebidas o molido en seco para el desarrollo de otros productos.

Intsormil Program Doubles Sorghum And Millet Yields In Mali, West Africa, Kimberly Christiansen

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

After the close of the meeting where the farmers learned about the potential of being a collaborator in the Production-Marketing Project in 2009, INTSORMIL PI John Sanders shows women sorghum farmers from Diankounte Camara village in western Mali photos of the lush sorghum plots taken in 2008 project sites in eastern Mali. After learning about the potential of the project all farmers expressed their enthusiasm to be collaborators in 2009. Their major concern was that only 75 farmers in the Diankounte Camara village could be involved due to funding limitations. As collaborators, the Diankounte Camara women expect to be able …

Genetic Control Of Sorghum Grain Color, René Clará Valencia, William L. Rooney

INTSORMIL Presentations

Today there is a real interest in the utilization of sorghum grain as a substitute for wheat in baked goods and as a substitute for yellow maize in animal feed. Sorghum grain color and quality are important characteristics in the baking and livestock feed industries. For that reason it is necessary to develop varieties that are suitable for the food and feed industries.

The purpose of this bulletin is to briefly describe the main genetic characteristics that objectively affect sorghum grain appearance and quality.

The pericarp and glume color affect the color of the finished products made with sorghum grain. …

Control Genético Del Color Del Grano De Sorgo, René Clará Valencia, William L. Rooney

INTSORMIL Presentations

Actualmente existe un gran interés en la utilización del grano de sorgo como fuente de energía en la elaboración de alimentos para el consumo humano y/o animal, sustituyendo al trigo en la panificación y al maíz amarillo en la elaboración de alimentos concentrados; para tal efecto es necesario conocer el control genético del color del grano para mejorar su calidad.

El objetivo de esta información es describir brevemente las características genéticas principales, actualmente conocidas y que afectan objetivamente la apariencia del grano de sorgo.

El color del pericarpio y la gluma de la flor afectan la coloración de los productos …

Intsormil 2009 Annual Report, John M. Yohe, Kimberly Christiansen, Joan Frederick

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

The 2009 INTSORMIL Annual Report presents the progress and notable achievements by the Sorghum, Millet and Other Grains CRSP during the period of September 30, 2008 through September 29, 2009. These results are an outcome of partnerships between scientists at six U.S. Land Grant Universities (Kansas State University, University of Nebraska, The Ohio State University, Purdue University, Texas A&M University and West Texas A&M University), scientists of the Agricultural Research Service of the U. S. Department of Agriculture at Tifton, Georgia and the National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) and National Universities in sixteen countries in Central America, West Africa, East …

Nebraska Seed Focus December 2009, Nebraska Crop Improvement Association

Nebraska Seed Focus

Nebraska Seed Improvement Conference - 2010

Reminder

Certified Seed Bags

In Sympathy

OFFICIAL NOTICE

Informe Del Comportamiento De Los Sorgos Híbridos Para Grano Del Pccmca Durante El 2008 = Performance Report Of The Hybrid Sorghums For Grain Of The Pccmca Trials During 2008, René Clará Valencia, Rafael Obando, Nury Gutiérrez, Salvador Zeledón, Rigoberto Nolasco, Alberto Morán, Norman Danilo Escoto Gudiel, Juan José Catalán, Julián Ramírez, Juan Quiñónez

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

Español:

Los ensayos uniformes de sorgo del PCCMCA, son el medio regionalizado para evaluar y seleccionar los mejores sorgos híbridos comerciales y pre-comerciales de las empresas productoras de semillas y programas nacionales de la región. Esta información ha sido la base para que los agricultores reciban las mejores semillas que les aseguren buena rentabilidad del cultivo.

En el 2008 este ensayo fue conformado por un total de 13 híbridos, de los cuales el CBH 8075, CBH 8076, CBH 8077 y CBH 8078, son de la empresa Cristiani Burkard; BORA, MSG 540 y MSG 541 de la empresa Monsanto; ESHG-3 del …

“Comportamiento De Los Sorgos Híbridos Para Grano Dentro De Los Ensayos Uniformes Del Pccmca 2009" = “Performance Of The Hybrid Sorghums For Grain In The Uniform Trials Of Pccmca 2009”, René Clará Valencia, Denis Téllez Gonzalez, Rafael Obando, Nury Gutiérrez, Salvador Zeledón, Rene Velásquez, Julián Ramírez, Ismael Camargo Buitrago, Román Gordon

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

Los ensayos uniformes de sorgo del PCCMCA, son el medio regionalizado para evaluar y seleccionar los mejores sorgos híbridos de las empresas de semillas y programas nacionales de la región. Esta información ha sido la base para que los agricultores reciban las mejores semillas que les aseguren buena cosecha y rentabilidad del cultivo.

En 2009 el ensayo se formó con un total de 6 híbridos de tres empresas y un testigo común. Los híbridos MSG 540, MSG 549 y MSG 551 de la empresa Monsanto; el híbrido 83P17 de la empresa Pioneer; los híbridos SR-340 y SR-450 de la empresa …

Atlas Of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench): Production In Eastern And Southern Africa, Charles S. Wortmann, Martha Mamo, Christopher Mburu, Elias Letayo, Girma Abebe, Kaizzi C. Kayuki, Medson Chisi, Munyaradzi Mativavarira, Soares Xerinda, Theophile Ndacyayisenga

INTSORMIL Scientific Publications

Grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a major crop in many parts of Africa and is noted for its versatility and diversity. It is adapted over a wide range of precipitation and temperature levels and is produced at sea level to above 2000 m altitude. In eastern and southern Africa, it is primarily a crop of resource-poor, small-scale farmers and is typically produced under adverse conditions such as low input use and marginal lands. There are numerous biotic and abiotic constraints to production. The grain and stover are used in many different ways with localized preferences. Much information …

Nebraska Seed Focus March 2009, Nebraska Crop Improvement Association

Nebraska Seed Focus

Seed Improvement Conference

The Distinguished Service Award

The Quality Achievement - Award of Merit - 2009

Nebraska Crop Improvement Association Annual Meeting Minutes

NCIA Board Reorganizes

2009 Fall Seed Book, Nebraska Crop Improvement Association

Nebraska Crop Improvement Association Seed Guides

FOUNDATION SEED

PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION ACT and HOW IT BENEFITS YOU!

WHEAT VARIETY SELECTION & COMPLEMENTATION

WINTER WHEAT VARIETY CHARACTERISTICS - 2009

HARD RED WINTER WHEAT

HARD WHITE WINTER WHEAT

TRITICALE

TURFGRASSES

PERENNIAL FORAGE GRASSES

APPROVED SEED CONDITIONERS

CUSTOM CERTIFIED CONDITIONERS

2009 NCIA MEMBERS

2009 Spring Seed Book, Nebraska Crop Improvement Association

Nebraska Crop Improvement Association Seed Guides

FOUNDATION SEED

PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION ACT and HOW IT BENEFITS YOU!

TURFGRASSES

PERENNIAL FORAGE GRASSES

SPRING BARLEY

SPRING WHEAT

OAT VARIETY CHARACTERISTICS - 2009

OATS

MILLET

MILLET VARIETY CHARACTERISTICS 2009

HYBRID SEED CORN

NEBRASKA SEED QUALITY ASSURANCE® PROGRAM

SOYBEANS BUYERS’ NOTICE

APPROVED SEED CONDITIONERS

CUSTOM CERTIFIED CONDITIONERS

2008 NCIA MEMBERS

Agroecology As A Science, A Movement And A Practice. A Review, A. Wezel, S. Bellon, T. Doré, Charles A. Francis, D. Vallod, C. David

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Agroecology involves various approaches to solve actual challenges of agricultural production. Though agroecology initially dealt primarily with crop production and protection aspects, in recent decades new dimensions such as environmental, social, economic, ethical and development issues are becoming relevant. Today, the term ‘agroecology’ means either a scientific discipline, agricultural practice, or political or social movement. Here we study the different meanings of agroecology. For that we analyse the historical development of agroecology. We present examples from USA, Brazil, Germany, and France. We study and discuss the evolution of different meanings agroecology. The use of the term agroecology can be traced …

Detection And Validation Of Single Feature Polymorphisms Using Rna Expression Data From A Rice Genome Array, Sung-Hyun Kim, Prasanna R. Bhat, Xinping Cui, Harkamal Walia, Jin Xu, Steve Wanamaker, Abdelbagi M. Ismail, Clyde Wilson, Timothy J. Close

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Background: A large number of genetic variations have been identified in rice. Such variations must in many cases control phenotypic differences in abiotic stress tolerance and other traits. A single feature polymorphism (SFP) is an oligonucleotide array-based polymorphism which can be used for identification of SNPs or insertion/deletions (INDELs) for high throughput genotyping and high density mapping. Here we applied SFP markers to a lingering question about the source of salt tolerance in a particular rice recombinant inbred line (RIL) derived from a salt tolerant and salt sensitive parent. Results: Expression data obtained by hybridizing RNA to an oligonucleotide array …

Antibiotic Use In Animal Production: Environmental Concerns, Teshome H. Regassa, Richard K. Koelsch, Charles S. Wortmann, Richard F. Randle, Akwasi A. Abunyewa

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Introduction

Antibiotic1 use in animal production has led to improved feed use efficiency and increased growth rates. In turn, these resulted in reduced food production costs and reduced excrement of manure nutrients which may cause pollution problems.

On the other hand, antibiotic use leads to antibiotic resistance and a possible reduction in effectiveness of treatment options for both animals and humans. This publication addresses these issues.

Disease-causing microorganisms2, including bacteria,are the most diverse and numerous organisms on earth. Diverse in their habitat, environmental adaptation, and mechanisms of reproduction, they have short generations with high multiplication rates. Such characteristics help develop …

Bulked Segregant Analysis Using The Goldengate Assay To Locate The Rpp3 Locus That Confers Resistance To Soybean Rust In Soybean, D. L. Hyten, James R. Smith, Reid D. Frederick, Mark L. Tucker, Qijian Song, P. B. Cregan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Few resistance loci to soybean rust (SBR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd., have been genetically mapped and linked to molecular markers that can be used for marker assisted selection. New technologies are available for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping that can be used to rapidly map traits controlled by single loci such as resistance to SBR. Our objective was to demonstrate that the highthroughput SNP genotyping method known as the GoldenGate assay can be used to perform bulked segregant analysis (BSA) to fi nd candidate regions to facilitate effi cient mapping of a dominant resistant locus to SBR designated Rpp3 …

Limits To Maize Productivity In The Western Corn-Belt: A Simulation Analysis For Fully Irrigated And Rainfed Conditions, Patricio Grassini, Haishun Yang, Kenneth G. Cassman

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Unlike the Central and Eastern U.S. Corn-Belt where maize is grown almost entirely under rainfed conditions, maize in the Western Corn-Belt is produced under both irrigated (3.2 million ha) and rainfed (4.1 million ha) conditions. Simulation modeling, regression, and boundary-function analysis were used to assess constraints to maize productivity in the Western Corn-Belt. Aboveground biomass, grain yield, and water balance were simulated for fully irrigated and rainfed crops, using 20-year weather records from 18 locations in combination with actual soil, planting date, plant population, and hybrid-maturity data. Mean values of meteorological variables were estimated for three growth periods (pre- and …

Farmers And Nature Conservation: What Is Known About Attitudes, Context Factors And Actions Affecting Conservation?, Johan Ahnström, Jenny Höckert, Hanna L. Bergea, Charles A. Francis, Peter Skelton, Lars Hallgren

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Farmers’ attitudes towards viability of specific conservation practices or actions strongly impact their decisions on adoption and change. This review of ‘attitude’ information reveals a wide range of perceptions about what conservation means and what the impacts of adoption will mean in economic and environmental terms. Farmers operate in a tight financial situation, and in parts of the world they are highly dependent on government subsidies, and cannot afford to risk losing that support. Use of conservation practices is most effective when these are understood in the context of the individual farm, and decisions are rooted in land and resource …

Mapping And Confirmation Of A New Allele At Rpp1 From Soybean Pi 594538a Conferring Rb Lesion–Type Resistance To Soybean Rust, Nanda Chakraborty, Joe Curley, Reid D. Frederick, D. L. Hyten, Randall L. Nelson, Glen L. Hartman, Brian W. Diers

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi (H. Sydow & Sydow), is a destructive soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] disease and identification of new resistance genes is essential for effective rust management. Our research objectives were to map and confirm the location of resistance gene(s) in PI 594538A using a population of 98 F_3:4 lines from across between PI 594538A (reddish-brown [RB] lesions) and the susceptible cultivar Loda (tan [TAN] lesions). The lines were inoculated with the P. pachyrhizi isolate ZM01-1 from Zimbabwe. The RB resistance in PI 594538A mapped on linkage group G as a single dominant gene. …