Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Artemisinin (2)
- Cytomegalovirus (2)
- Malaria (2)
- Plasmodium falciparum (2)
- Proteomics (2)
-
- Allostery (1)
- Anti-malarials (1)
- Antibiotic resistance (1)
- Antibody response (1)
- Antimalarial trioxanes (1)
- Ballast water (1)
- Biochemical markers (1)
- Cooperative binding (1)
- DNA damage (1)
- Diagnosis (1)
- Dihydrofolate reductase (1)
- Estrogen (1)
- Force fields (1)
- Glucokinase (1)
- Glycomics (1)
- HTLV-1 (1)
- Horizontal gene transfer (1)
- Immediate early genes (1)
- Immunology (1)
- Influenza (1)
- Invasive species (1)
- Leiomyoma tissue (1)
- Macrophages (1)
- Mass spectrometry (1)
- Oligosaccharides (1)
Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Prostate Cancer Biomarker Identification: A Comparative Study, Wenjuan Jiang
Prostate Cancer Biomarker Identification: A Comparative Study, Wenjuan Jiang
Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Theses & Dissertations
With the current development of proteomics techniques, the discovery of potential molecular biomarkers for early detection of prostate cancer has been greatly improved. In this thesis, we implemented five classifiers including the support vector machine (SVM), Bayesian Classifier, Decision Tree, Random Forest and the Multilayer perceptron (MLP) to test their effectiveness in prostate cancer biomarker identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) tissue imaging data. The classifiers were utilized to discriminate cancer mass spectra from normal ones for the data collected at the Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS). There are 94 7 spectra from normal tissues and 27 from …
Lipid Targets Of The Antimalarial Trioxanes In Plasmodium Falciparum, Carmony Leah Hartwig
Lipid Targets Of The Antimalarial Trioxanes In Plasmodium Falciparum, Carmony Leah Hartwig
Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations
Malaria is among the most debilitating diseases of man. The protozoan parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, causes over a million annual fatalities. The antimalarial trioxanes, exemplified by artemisinin, are among the few pharmaceuticals for which clinical resistance has not become widespread. Artemisinin is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone, containing a unique endoperoxide pharmacophore. Despite extensive study, the precise antimalarial mechanism of action of trioxanes remains elusive. Heme iron-mediated cleavage of the endoperoxide within the parasite digestive vacuole is hypothesized to generate cytotoxic metabolites capable of alkylating heme and damaging cellular macromolecules. The hypothesis of this research is that the endoperoxide pharmacophore …
Inhibition Of Yeast Hexokinase By The Antimalarial Drug Artemisinin: Probing Mechanism Of Action With A Model Enzyme, Jennifer S. Spence
Inhibition Of Yeast Hexokinase By The Antimalarial Drug Artemisinin: Probing Mechanism Of Action With A Model Enzyme, Jennifer S. Spence
Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations
A leading infectious cause of death, malaria threatens approximately half of the world's population, and drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum have created immense difficulty in chemotherapy of the disease. The artemisinin (ART) class of antimalarials may represent a powerful solution. In addition to their safety, effectiveness, and moderate cost, they are the only drugs in use for which there has been no widespread evidence of clinical resistance. The exact parasiticidal mechanism of ART is highly contested, but evidence suggests that protein alkylation may play a role in cytotoxicity. in vitro essays were performed using yeast hexokinase (HK) to demonstrate a …
Study Of The Dna Damage Complexes Within The Htlv-1 Tax Oncoprotein Interactome, Sidi Mehdi Belgnaoui
Study Of The Dna Damage Complexes Within The Htlv-1 Tax Oncoprotein Interactome, Sidi Mehdi Belgnaoui
Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a transforming retrovirus that can give rise to adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Tax is a virally encoded oncoprotein that is involved in HTLV-1 mediated cellular transformation. It has been hypothesized that Tax induces genomic instability via repression of the cellular DNA damage repair response. Our laboratory has previously shown that the interaction between Tax and various proteins involved in the DNA-damage response pathway impairs the ability of these proteins to mount an efficient repair response. As part of these observations, we proposed that Tax induces …
Phosphorylation Of The Estrogen Receptor Alpha (Erα) At Serine 118 By Phospho-P44/42 Mapk And Regulation By Estrogen And Progesterone In Human Uterine Leiomyoma Tissue And Cells, Tonia Lakisha Hermon
Phosphorylation Of The Estrogen Receptor Alpha (Erα) At Serine 118 By Phospho-P44/42 Mapk And Regulation By Estrogen And Progesterone In Human Uterine Leiomyoma Tissue And Cells, Tonia Lakisha Hermon
Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences
It is thought that the growth of uterine leiomyomas may be mediated by the interaction of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and growth factor pathways and that phosphorylation of ERα at serine 118 (ERα-phospho-Ser118) is important in this interaction. In tissue, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the expression of ERα-phospho-Ser118, phosphorylated p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (phospho-p44/42 MAPK), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in human leiomyoma and myometrial tissues during the proliferative and secretory phases of the menstrual cycle. In vitro studies to assess proliferation of uterine leiomyoma (UtLM) and uterine smooth muscle (UtSMC) cells and expression of ERα-phospho-Ser118 …
Characterization Of Antibiotic Resistance In Vibrio Cholerae Isolated From Ships' Ballast And Other Environmental Sources, Frank Kornegay Thomson Iii
Characterization Of Antibiotic Resistance In Vibrio Cholerae Isolated From Ships' Ballast And Other Environmental Sources, Frank Kornegay Thomson Iii
OES Theses and Dissertations
Ships' ballast has been implicated as a vector in the dispersal of invasive species into new environments. Numerous cases have been documented for the introduction of macroorganisms via ballasting operations, but what is less known is the role of ballast water and residuals in the spread of potentially harmful microbes, especially with reference to novel genotypes. Of particular interest are the genes encoding for various forms of antibiotic resistance, many of which are carried on mobile genetic elements. A four-year sampling effort has yielded over 300 putative isolates of Vibrio cholerae from ships' ballast tanks and various environmental sources, of …
Interdependent Regulation Of Cytomegalovirus Proteins In Complex, Lisa L. Bolin
Interdependent Regulation Of Cytomegalovirus Proteins In Complex, Lisa L. Bolin
Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that causes significant morbidity and mortality in the immune compromised. Using the mutine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) model, we identified two genes, M140 and M141, which are determinants of macrophage tropism. Monocytes/macrophages are a critical cell type for cytomegalovirus (CMV) pathogenesis as sites of viral latency and by supporting viral replication and disseminating virus throughout the body. We previously found that the localization of the M140/M141 gene products (pM140/pM141) is different when the proteins are co-expressed as compared to their individual expression. When the proteins are individually expressed pM141 localizes diffusely throughout the cytoplasm and, …
Comparison Of Immune Correlates, Age Related Changes And Proteomic Profiling Of Healthy Individuals Receiving Influenza Vaccines, Gaurav Basu
Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences
The burden of influenza related infections is substantial, both in terms of illness, lives lost and economic impact on society. The degree of impact of influenza related infections is much higher in the elderly population where it is a leading cause of catastrophic disability; greatly affecting the quality of life of elderly persons above 65 years of age. Vaccination is the mainstay for control and prevention of influenza infections. There are two vaccine formulations that are licensed for use at present. The inactivated influenza vaccines (TIIV) which have been used for 60 years in all age groups and the new …
Role Of The Human Cytomegalovirus Ie2 Protein On Transcriptional Regulation Of Viral Promoters, Siabhon Michelle Harris
Role Of The Human Cytomegalovirus Ie2 Protein On Transcriptional Regulation Of Viral Promoters, Siabhon Michelle Harris
Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous pathogen able to cause severe mortality and morbidity in immuno-compromised individuals. Successful infection by HCMV is dependent on expression of viral genes essential for replication. Immediate early (IE) gene products are the first subset of viral genes to be expressed during infection and function as key transcriptional regulators. IE2 is one the most predominantly expressed IE proteins and is essential for HCMV infection. IE2 transactivates several viral promoters, including those of the essential viral DNA polymerase (UL54) and UL112-113 gene regions. IE2 is also able to autoregulate is own expression and repress expression of …
Molecular Dynamics Study Of Single Stranded Peptide Nucleic Acids, Anna K. Manukyan
Molecular Dynamics Study Of Single Stranded Peptide Nucleic Acids, Anna K. Manukyan
Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences
A PNA molecule is a DNA strand where the sugar-phosphate backbone has been replaced by a structurally homomorphous pseudopeptide chain consisting of N(2-aminoethyl)-glycine units. PNA binds strongly to both DNA and RNA. However, an analysis of the X-ray and NMR data show that the dihedral angles of PNA/DNA or PNA/DNA complexes are very different from those of DNA:DNA or RNA:RNA complexes. In addition, the PNA strand is very flexible. One way to improve the binding affinity of PNA for DNA/RNA is to design a more pre-organized PNA structure. An effective way to rigidify the PNA strand is to introduce …
Computational Studies On R67 Dihydrofolate Reductase: An Investigation Into Its Unique Binding Patterns, Chuanyin Shi
Computational Studies On R67 Dihydrofolate Reductase: An Investigation Into Its Unique Binding Patterns, Chuanyin Shi
Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences
R67 dihydrofolate reductase (R67 DHFR) is a plasmid encoded enzyme which catalyzes the reduction of dihydrofolate (DHF) to tetrahydrofolate (THF) using NADPH as a cofactor. R67 DHFR is a homo-tetramer and D2 symmetric. It contains only one active site, which spans the central channel of the enzyme. The active site can bind either two reactants (DHF), two cofactors (NADPH) or one of each (NADPH/DHF), which is the productive ternary complex (i.e. the complex which yields product). In order to favor formation of the productive complex, this enzyme exhibits binding cooperativity. Unlike other allosteric enzymes which achieve binding cooperativity through conformational …
Analysis Of N-Linked Oligosaccharides Of Prostate-Specific Antigen And Prostatic Acid Phosphatase In Prostatic Fluids, Krista Yaudes White
Analysis Of N-Linked Oligosaccharides Of Prostate-Specific Antigen And Prostatic Acid Phosphatase In Prostatic Fluids, Krista Yaudes White
Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences
Presently, prostate cancer is the most common cancer afflicting men in the United States, with serum PSA being the "gold standard" protein biomarker used in the clinic for detecting and diagnosing prostate cancer. Nonetheless, serum PSA levels can also be elevated in non-cancerous conditions as well, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Due to this overlap, many unnecessary biopsies and radical prostatectomies occur, leading to patient distress. Despite recent advances to clinical assays which consider other clinical parameters, there is still a great need for improved clinical detection methodologies for prostate cancer, including improved biomarkers. Therefore, this research project aims …