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Articles 1 - 30 of 64
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
A New North American Genus Of Hetaeraiinae (Coleoptera: Histeridae), With Descriptions Of Six New Species From The U.S.A. And Mexico, Michael S. Caterino, Alexey K. Tishechkin
A New North American Genus Of Hetaeraiinae (Coleoptera: Histeridae), With Descriptions Of Six New Species From The U.S.A. And Mexico, Michael S. Caterino, Alexey K. Tishechkin
Publications
Renclasea n. gen., a genus of the Hetaeriinae (Histeridae), with six species, R. skelleyi n. sp. (United States: Florida and Georgia), R. falli n. sp. (United States: California), R. helavai n. sp. (United States: Arizona), R. mexicana n. sp. (Mexico: Hidalgo), R. occidentalis n. sp. (United States: Arizona and New Mexico) and R. cazieri n. sp. (United States: Arizona), are described, illustrated and diagnosed. The status of two female specimens of Renclasea from western Texas, apparently closely related to R. occidentalis, remains uncertain. The only host record available for the genus is an association of R. mexicana with undetermined species …
Exploring T. Brucei Hexokinase Biology: Localization And Inhibition Studies, Todd Lyda
Exploring T. Brucei Hexokinase Biology: Localization And Inhibition Studies, Todd Lyda
All Dissertations
Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of the disease African sleeping sickness
in humans and nagana in animals, is a scourge of sub-Saharan Africa. There is a
desperate need for more efficacious therapies for the disease; here we describe research
validating T. brucei hexokinase 1 (TbHK1) as a drug therapeutic target for T. brucei
infection and the identification and characterization of novel inhibitors of the enzyme by
both low throughput and high throughput means. Additionally this thesis introduces
efforts at characterizing a second T. brucei hexokinase, focusing mostly on cell biology
and the determination of localization.
The small molecule quercetin (QCN) …
We're Here Now: An Exploratory Study Of The Relationships Between Tourism And Post-Migration Community Participation And Sense Of Community, Jason Draper
All Dissertations
ABSTRACT
Research has suggested that visiting a community can result in an inclination (Cuba, 1989) or likelihood of moving there (McHugh, 1990). One reason that may contribute to the decision to move is tourism experiences provide an opportunity for visitors to compare the destination to their current community and determine if voids that exist would be filled should they relocate (Haug, Dann, & Mehmetoglu, 2007). However, should tourists decide to relocate, research is needed that examines how tourists transition to being a resident (Oigenblick & Kirschenbaum, 2002) and policy implications of residential growth. The purpose of this exploratory study was …
Sequence Analysis And Characterization Of The Dihydrodiol Dehydrogenase And Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Genes In'' Sphingomonas Paucimobilis'' Epa505, Jaleh Jalili
All Dissertations
A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library was previously constructed from genomic DNA of Sphingomonas paucimobilis EPA505 at Clemson University Genomic institute (CUGI). To isolate and identify the bphB gene from the genome of S. paucimobilis EPA505, a set of primers was designed based on conserved regions of the bphB gene encoding dihydrodiol dehydrogenase of Sphingomonas CHY-1 and Sphingomonas yanoikuyae B1. Routine PCR was performed and a PCR fragment of approximately 500 bp that confirmed the presence of pbhB gene in Sphingomonas paucimobilis EPA505 was produced. Hybridization of the PCR product with BAC library was performed and one hundred two positive …
Characterization Of Gulf Sturgeon Diel And Seasonal Activity In The Pensacola Bay System, Florida, Beth Wrege
Characterization Of Gulf Sturgeon Diel And Seasonal Activity In The Pensacola Bay System, Florida, Beth Wrege
All Dissertations
We assess temporal and spatial distribution and diel variability in activity of Gulf of Mexico sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi in the Pensacola Bay system, Florida, using stationary ultrasonic telemetry. Gulf of Mexico sturgeon (n = 54) migrated through the bay system in fall to wintering areas in the Gulf of Mexico and Santa Rosa Sound. In spring, sturgeon migrated back through the bay system to summering habitats in rivers. Gulf of Mexico sturgeon use East Bay and Escambia Bay primarily as migration routes between riverine areas used in spring and summer and the Gulf of Mexico used in winter. North …
Hydrodynamics Of Freshwater Turtles: Maneuverability, Stability, And Effects Of Shell Shape, Gabriel Rivera
Hydrodynamics Of Freshwater Turtles: Maneuverability, Stability, And Effects Of Shell Shape, Gabriel Rivera
All Dissertations
Aquatic organisms exhibit tremendous diversity in body design and modes of propulsion that can strongly influence locomotor performance. Understanding how such differences affect locomotor performance is a major focus of research in integrative organismal biology and can provide insight into the evolutionary origins of such variation. Turtles are unique among extant tetrapods (i.e., amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals) in that they possess rigid bodies. In turtles, the vertebrae are fused dorsally with a bony carapace, precluding movement of the axial skeleton between the base of the neck and the tail. As a result of their immobilized axial skeleton and reduced …
Prevalence And Biological Control Of Salmonella Contamination In Rendering Plant Environments And The Finished Rendered Meals, Brandon Kinley
Prevalence And Biological Control Of Salmonella Contamination In Rendering Plant Environments And The Finished Rendered Meals, Brandon Kinley
All Dissertations
Although the rendering process serves as invaluable means for the disposal of inedible animal by-products, the finished products often harbor pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms such as Salmonella and enterococci, respectively. The temperatures used during the rendering process far exceed the heat tolerance threshold of most bacterial species, so cross-contamination from the environment and/or from the incoming raw material is the proposed source of the contamination. Research has demonstrated that the raw material coming into the rendering facility is highly contaminated with pathogenic bacteria including Salmonella. While not in a rendering facility, studies have also demonstrated that bacteria such as Salmonella …
Gold Nanoparticle Interactions And Impact Upon A Common Biofilm Source: Legionella Pneumophila , Amber Stojak
Gold Nanoparticle Interactions And Impact Upon A Common Biofilm Source: Legionella Pneumophila , Amber Stojak
All Theses
There exists widespread concern of pathogenic bacteria colonizing and establishing biofilms in water systems providing a direct exposure route to the public. Legionella are widely distributed in human-made and natural environments, and colonization lends the potential to infect human hosts that may lead to the development of Legionnaire's Disease. Silver has been used in cooling towers and water filtration systems for removal of planktonic bacteria and biofilms; however permanent removal of L. pneumophila biofilms with metal ions is impossible when established biofilms are in hard to access places such as dead end piping or inside a protozoan host. Bulk metals …
Effect Of Oscillating And Static Retort Thermal Processing Technology Using An Institutional Size Pouch, Judith Trevino
Effect Of Oscillating And Static Retort Thermal Processing Technology Using An Institutional Size Pouch, Judith Trevino
All Theses
The effects of oscillating and static retort thermal processing on heat penetration using an institutional size pouch were evaluated. A literature review of general information on retort thermal processing, process modes, processing mediums, retort pouches and starch was presented.
Frigex-W starch (National Starch Food Innovation) and water mixtures were prepared at three different concentrations (1%, 3% and 5%). Five replications of starch and water mixtures were processed using water spray as the processing medium in institutional size retort pouches (29.2 cm. x 38.1 cm.) using both oscillating and static processing modes.
Viscosity (by Brookfield viscometer and Bostwick consistometer), residual air …
The Effect Of Moderate Exercise On Folliculogenesis, Cortisol, Estradiol And Luteinizing Hormone In Mares, Dale Kelley
The Effect Of Moderate Exercise On Folliculogenesis, Cortisol, Estradiol And Luteinizing Hormone In Mares, Dale Kelley
All Theses
Assisted reproductive technologies allow mares to remain in training and produce offspring; however, limited data regarding the impact of exercise on folliculogenesis exists. Mares in training are reported to have reduced embryo recovery rates and ovulated smaller follicles. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the effect of exercise on folliculogenesis using ultrasound technology. Additionally, cortisol, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol concentrations in mares were evaluated. The exercise period was from April to September 2008 at Latitude: 34¡ 41' 1' N. Thirteen horses were assigned to Exercise (n=6) or Control group (n=7). Mares were exercised …
Cloning And Expression Of Porcine Dicer And Argonaute-2, Heather Stowe
Cloning And Expression Of Porcine Dicer And Argonaute-2, Heather Stowe
All Theses
In vitro-produced embryos exhibit aberrations in development, but the reasons for these developmental problems are unknown. Recently, a class of small non-coding RNA called microRNA (miRNA) has been described and reported to have roles in normal mammalian embryonic development. These miRNAs are encoded in the genome, transcribed by RNA pol II and processed into fragments approximately 22 nt in length by ribonuclease enzymes, the final one being a protein called Dicer. miRNA work through the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), of which the argonaute gene family are key proteins. Argonaute-2 (Ago2) has been identified as the only member possessing endonuclease activity, …
Molecular Analysis Of Split Hand/Foot Malformation (Shfm) At The Shfm3 And Shfm5 Loci, Megan Chryst-Ladd
Molecular Analysis Of Split Hand/Foot Malformation (Shfm) At The Shfm3 And Shfm5 Loci, Megan Chryst-Ladd
All Theses
Split hand/foot malformation (SHFM) is a congenital limb malformation observed in humans characterized by a reduction or loss of the central digits of the hands and/or feet. The condition affects one in every 8,500 to 25,000 births, accounting for 8-17% of all limb reduction defects. A tandem duplication of approximately 500 Kb has been determined to be the causative mutation at the SHFM3 locus. Patients that are heterozygous for this duplication have three copies of the genes BTRC, POLL, and DPCD as well as an extra copy of exons 6-9 of FBXW4. The SHFM3 critical region also contains the FGF8 …
Low-Dose Of Sodium Arsenite Causes Delayed Differentiation In C2c12 Mouse Myoblast Cells Through The Repression Of The Transcription Factor Myogenin, Amanda Steffens
Low-Dose Of Sodium Arsenite Causes Delayed Differentiation In C2c12 Mouse Myoblast Cells Through The Repression Of The Transcription Factor Myogenin, Amanda Steffens
All Theses
A number of epidemiological studies have correlated arsenic exposurwith cancer, skin diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and adverse developmental outcomes such as stillbirths, spontaneous abortions, neonatal mortality, low birth weight, and delays in the use of musculature. The current study used C2C12 mouse myoblast cells to examine whether low concentrations of arsenic could alter their differentiation into myotubes, which would indicate that arsenic has the ability to act as a developmental toxicant. Myoblast cells were exposed to 20nM sodium arsenite and allowed to differentiate into myotubes and expression of the muscle-specific transcription factor myogenin, along with the expression of myosin light chain …
Erk 1/2 And P38 Mapk Pathways Are Both Invovled In The Expression Of Interleukin-6, -8, And Cyclooxygenase-2 In Thrombocytes Stimulated With Lipopolysaccharide, Candace Hitchcock
Erk 1/2 And P38 Mapk Pathways Are Both Invovled In The Expression Of Interleukin-6, -8, And Cyclooxygenase-2 In Thrombocytes Stimulated With Lipopolysaccharide, Candace Hitchcock
All Theses
This study was conducted to determine if the p38 and ERK1/2 MAPK pathways are involved in transcription of IL-6, IL-8, and COX-2 in the chicken thrombocyte response to ligation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by Salmonella minnesota lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Thrombocytes were isolated and subsequently treated with either p38 MAPK or ERK inhibitor, and then with LPS during in vitro cell culture. Transcription of IL-6, IL-8, and COX-2 mRNA was determined using real-time PCR. The experiments were repeated using pM, nM and μM concentrations of both inhibitors to test cell sensitivity. Stimulation with LPS induced expression of IL-6, IL-8 and COX-2 …
Physical Activity Among Youth In A Weekend Respite Camp Program, Kathleen Felton
Physical Activity Among Youth In A Weekend Respite Camp Program, Kathleen Felton
All Theses
The engagement in physical activity among 24 youths with disabilities was studied. Researchers examined the effects of age and gender of the youth, the parent's knowledge of physical activity recommendations, and parent's physical activity practices on physical activity engagement. Levels of physical activity participation through leisure time, work or chores, and sports were assessed. Analysis was performed to determine relationships between each of the variables and the youths' level of physical activity respectively. Results of chi-square analysis indicated that parental influence using current physical activity recommendations was correlated with the youth's level of physical activity participation through leisure. Results suggested …
Inhibition Of Pi 3-Kinase Signaling Contributes To Metronidazole Resistance In The Protozoan Parasite, Entamoeba Histolytica, Rhonda Powell
Inhibition Of Pi 3-Kinase Signaling Contributes To Metronidazole Resistance In The Protozoan Parasite, Entamoeba Histolytica, Rhonda Powell
All Theses
Amoebiasis is defined as an intestinal infection with the human protozoan parasite, Entamoeba histolytica; approximately 100,000 deaths annually can be attributed to amoebiasis. Disease states range from asymptomatic colonization to invasive amoebiasis, characterized by abdominal pain and dysentery. Dissemination to extraintestinal sites, such as the liver and/or brain, can occur. Vesicle trafficking is critical for parasite virulence, and multiple signaling cascades within the pathogen facilitate these events.
One important regulator of signal transduction is the tightly controlled PI 3-kinase (PI3K), which phosphorylates the lipid, phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2), producing phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate (PIP3). Effector proteins, such as Akt, …
Life History Characteristics Of The Turquoise Darter (Etheostoma Inscriptum) In The Upper Piedmont Of South Carolina, Stephan Irwin
Life History Characteristics Of The Turquoise Darter (Etheostoma Inscriptum) In The Upper Piedmont Of South Carolina, Stephan Irwin
All Theses
ABSTRACT
The intention of this study was to estimate population density, time of spawning, and fecundity of the turquoise darter (Etheostoma inscriptum) in Six Mile creek of the Clemson SC experimental forest. Population density estimates were conducted on 18 riffles within the lower 1,524 m of the creek starting 304.8 m above its confluence with Lake Issaqueena from January to April 2008. Density was determined using the Leslie Depletion method, and darters/m2 was calculated. Random point collection was performed From October 14 to November 13, 2008, and 301 specimens were measured and released to determine length frequency of the population. …
Using A Multimedia Assessment Tool To Impact Evolution Education Strategies In South Carolina's Public High Schools, Matthew Johnson
Using A Multimedia Assessment Tool To Impact Evolution Education Strategies In South Carolina's Public High Schools, Matthew Johnson
All Theses
The theory of evolution is widely accepted as one of the fundamental disciplines of modern science. Evolution provides a foundation for all aspects of biology, and thus it is essential that present and future biologists have a detailed understanding of evolutionary principles. However, since the famous Scopes trial in 1925, the teaching of evolutionary theory in the public school system has been under attack. Though several court cases over the last 85 years have continually supported evolution and discredited creationism (the idea that evolution cannot explain the diversity of life on earth and therefore must have arisen through the influence …
Gene Expression Profile Of Tumor Cell-Fused Or Noni (Morinda Citrifolia)-Treated Dendritic Cells, Melissa O'Connor
Gene Expression Profile Of Tumor Cell-Fused Or Noni (Morinda Citrifolia)-Treated Dendritic Cells, Melissa O'Connor
All Dissertations
Dendritic cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy employs several ways to engage tumor antigens. We have demonstrated both in pre-clinical animal studies and early clinical trials that dendritomas, highly purified hybrids between dendritic cells and tumor cells, are superior activators of anti-tumor immunity. In the present study, we examined the expression profile of several inflammatory chemokine and chemokine receptors of dendritomas by RNA microarray and real-time RT-PCR. The results indicate that dendritomas made from immature DCs and tumor cells express higher levels of CCL3, CCL5, and CCL22 and lower levels of CCR2 and CCR5, which mimics LPS matured DCs, while dendritomas made from …
Measuring The Impact Of Varied Instructional Approaches In An Introductory Animal Science Course, Brian Bolt
Measuring The Impact Of Varied Instructional Approaches In An Introductory Animal Science Course, Brian Bolt
All Dissertations
The objectives of this project were to: evaluate the impact of demographic descriptors (gender, class rank and final grade) on student's self perceived level of engagement in classroom activities; measure the impact of varying teaching styles on a student's likelihood of correctly answering a knowledge based question and: assessing the relationship of knowledge acquisition with their level of engagement. Data were collected on students in the AVS 150, introductory animal science class (n=155) at Clemson University during the fall of 2008. Ten to fifteen minutes of class time were classified as conforming exclusively to one of three types of material …
Spatial Dynamics Of Nesting Behavior: Lizards Shift Microhabitats To Construct Nests With Beneficial Thermal Properties, Michael W. Sears, Michael J. Angilletta, Robert M. Pringle
Spatial Dynamics Of Nesting Behavior: Lizards Shift Microhabitats To Construct Nests With Beneficial Thermal Properties, Michael W. Sears, Michael J. Angilletta, Robert M. Pringle
Publications
Because temperature affects the growth, development, and survival of embryos,
oviparous mothers should discriminate carefully among available nesting sites. We combined a radiotelemetric study of animal movements with a spatial mapping of environmental temperatures to test predictions about the nesting behavior of the eastern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus). Females made large excursions from their typical home ranges to construct nests in exposed substrates. These excursions appeared to be related solely to nesting because all females returned to forested habitat immediately afterward. On average, 1% (range ¼ 0–8%, n ¼ 19) of the area used by a female during nesting was …
Seven New Species Of Cephennium Muller & Kunze (Coleptera, Staphylinidae, Scymaeninae, Cephenniini) From California With A Key To Native North American Species, Michael S. Caterino, Katie J. Hopp
Seven New Species Of Cephennium Muller & Kunze (Coleptera, Staphylinidae, Scymaeninae, Cephenniini) From California With A Key To Native North American Species, Michael S. Caterino, Katie J. Hopp
Publications
Seven new species of Cephennium from California are described and illustrated - C. celsifrons, sp. n., C. mariposae, sp. n., C. grandarboreum, sp. n., C. canestroi, sp. n., C. gilberti, sp. n., C. urbanum, sp. n. and C. aridum, sp. n. Th e single known native Nearctic species, C. anophthalmicum Brendel, was known only from moist coastal forests around the San Francisco Bay area. Th e new species greatly expand the distribution of the genus, through central and southern California, occurring in the central Sierra Nevada, south through the coast ranges and Sierra Nevada to the Santa Monica Mountains and …
Anticancer Properties Of Research-Grade Hydrastis Canadensis (Goldenseal) And Characterization Of Its Effect On The Mdr1-Encoded Phosphoglycoprotein Efflux Pump, Sara Garrett
All Theses
Multiple drug resistance (MDR) in tumors, observed both in vivo and in vitro, is generally attributed to efflux-mediated reduced drug accumulation via mdr1/P-gp. Notoriously chemoresistant colorectal cancers exhibit the highest P-gp expression, account for 9% of all cancer deaths, and are the third most common cancer in men and women. P-gp, a 170kDa protein, contains twelve transmembrane segments with two ATP-binding domains used to extrude intracellular compounds of broad specificity against a concentration gradient. Studies concerning natural health products are becoming more prevalent in the search for safe anti-P-gp remedies and Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal) was studied for its anti-cancer properties. …
Red Raspberries Possess Anticarcinogenic And Immunostimulatory Potential, Jason God
Red Raspberries Possess Anticarcinogenic And Immunostimulatory Potential, Jason God
All Dissertations
Despite the great strides made in the treatment of cancer, considerably little progress has been made towards prevention of the disease. In light of this reality, it has become apparent that a greater focus needs to be devoted to research into means of cancer prevention. Due to the significant role that nutrition plays in the development of cancer, the diet presents an attractive and logical target for such research.
Epidemiology has consistently shown an inverse relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption and risk for developing cancer. Additionally, countless in vitro studies on natural products isolated from fruits and vegetables have …
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Remediation Of Aquatic Garden Plants In Laboratory-Scale Constructed Wetlands., Robert Polomski
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Remediation Of Aquatic Garden Plants In Laboratory-Scale Constructed Wetlands., Robert Polomski
All Dissertations
This research investigated the potential of growing marketable aquatic garden plants that also remediate nursery and greenhouse runoff in a subsurface-flow constructed wetland. The cost of wastewater treatment is offset by the production of revenue-generating horticultural crops. Aquatic garden plants that offer the dual benefits of nutrient remediation and aesthetic value may also be planted in bioretention basins, rain gardens, buffer zones, and filter strips.
Fifteen commercially available aquatic garden plants were grown for 8 weeks in a laboratory scale subsurface wetland in a greenhouse and received nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from Hoagland's nutrient solution every two days for …
Effects Of Vegetation Structure On Fire Behavior And Wiregrass Seedling Establishment In Xeric Sandhills, Evelyn Wenk
Effects Of Vegetation Structure On Fire Behavior And Wiregrass Seedling Establishment In Xeric Sandhills, Evelyn Wenk
All Theses
The xeric sandhills on Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Refuge have a monospecific overstory of longleaf pine and an understory dominated by turkey oak and wiregrass. The understory vegetation is spatially heterogeneous within stands, with small patches dominated by either turkey oak or wiregrass, or lacking understory vegetation. I described the fuel complexes created by the variable vegetation structure, in terms of their chemical and physical properties, and used prescribed fire to test for differences in fire behavior among the vegetation types. In addition, I compared the effects of the vegetation structure and below-ground competition on the establishment of wiregrass.
Turkey …
Bacterial Transfer From Mouth To Different Utensils And From Utensils To Food, Chaitali Purohit
Bacterial Transfer From Mouth To Different Utensils And From Utensils To Food, Chaitali Purohit
All Theses
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Reproductive Strategies And Colony Relatedness In The Invasive Ponerine Ant Pachycondyla Chinensis (Emery), Andrew Tebeau
Reproductive Strategies And Colony Relatedness In The Invasive Ponerine Ant Pachycondyla Chinensis (Emery), Andrew Tebeau
All Theses
Pachycondyla chinensis (Emery) (Formicidae: Ponerinae), is an ancestral ant introduced from Asia. It is considered a pest species of medical and ecological concern. Since its initial 1932 documentation occurring in three Southeastern U.S. states at relatively low frequencies, the invasion of P. chinensis has spread to at least three additional states in discontinuously widespread populations that are locally abundant. Little is known about P. chinensis population structure and reproduction, and an investigation into these strategies offers insight into the means by which this pest species proliferates, and ultimately, can assist in the design of management strategies. The objectives of this …
Effects Of Parasitism And Soil Compaction On Pupation Behavior Of The Green Bottle Fly Lucilia Sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Jonathan Cammack
Effects Of Parasitism And Soil Compaction On Pupation Behavior Of The Green Bottle Fly Lucilia Sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Jonathan Cammack
All Theses
Although the pupation behavior of blow flies has been widely studied, my work is the first to examine the effects of parasitoids and soil compaction on pupation behavior. The objectives of my research were to provide insight into a host-parasitoid system involving Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and Nasonia vitripennis (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and to develop a predictive model of pupation depth for L. sericata, with respect to soil compaction. Two experiments were conducted examining the effects of parasitoids and soil compaction on the pupation behavior of L. sericata. In all experiments, larvae of L. sericata were introduced to containers …
Spatial-Temporal Variation Of The Density And Distribution Of Stink Bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) In Cotton, Gossypium Hirsutum (L.), As Part Of A Diverse Agroecosystem, Richard Reeves
All Theses
Studies were conducted during 2007 and 2008 to investigate the distribution and density of phytophagous stink bugs and boll injury in cotton as part of a variable farmscape. The goals of this research were to: (1) compare and contrast sampling techniques and correlate the density of stink bugs and associated internal boll injury with measurements of crop phenology, (2) establish the spatial and temporal distributions of stink bugs and boll injury on a whole-field scale, and (3) determine the density of stink bugs and boll injury along field margins as influenced by adjacent habitats and crops. The ground cloth was …