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Articles 1 - 30 of 31
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Fertility Of Semen Used In Commercial Production And The Impact Of Sperm Numbers And Bacterial Counts, D. L. Reicks, Donald G. Levis
Fertility Of Semen Used In Commercial Production And The Impact Of Sperm Numbers And Bacterial Counts, D. L. Reicks, Donald G. Levis
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The objective was to monitor sperm counts and bacterial presence on randomly pooled semen doses over 3 years and to determine effects on the farrowing rate and total born in two large farm systems, each serviced by its own boar stud. Sperm counts were divided into increments of 0.5 × 109 for data analysis. There was no effect of sperm count or the presence of bacteria on farrowing rate (n = 9502 observations). Furthermore, based on 7311 observations, there was no effect of the mere presence of bacteria on total born, but sperm count had a significant effect …
Corn Distillers Dried Grains (Ddgs) For Growing-Finishing Swine, Phillip S. Miller
Corn Distillers Dried Grains (Ddgs) For Growing-Finishing Swine, Phillip S. Miller
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Two-hundred and forty pigs growing-finishing pigs were used to evaluate the feeding value of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Treatments consisted of 0, 5, 10 and 15% dietary DDGS inclusion. Treatments did not affect average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) or gain:feed (G:F) during the grower 1 period (P > 0.05). During the grower 2 period ADG and ADFI linearly decreased as DDGS increased (P < 0.05). No differences among treatments were detected throughout the feeding phase finisher 1 for ADG, ADFI, and G:F (P > 0.05). During the finisher 2 feeding phase, there was a linear reduction in ADG and ADFI in response to dietary DDGS inclusion (P = 0.01). Overall, linear reductions …
Storage Of Wet Corn Co-Products, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Richard J. Rasby, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Brent Plugge, David Bauer, Darrell R. Mark, Don C. Adams, J. Benton, Matthew A. Greenquist, B. Nuttleman, L. Kovarik, M. Peterson, J. Waterbury, M. Wilken
Storage Of Wet Corn Co-Products, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Richard J. Rasby, Leslie Aaron Stalker, Brent Plugge, David Bauer, Darrell R. Mark, Don C. Adams, J. Benton, Matthew A. Greenquist, B. Nuttleman, L. Kovarik, M. Peterson, J. Waterbury, M. Wilken
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Three types of distillers grains can be produced that vary in moisture content. Ethanol plants may dry some or all of their distillers grains to produce dry distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS; 90% dry matter [DM]). However, many plants that have a market for wet distillers locally (i.e., Nebraska) may choose not to dry their distillers grains due to cost advantages. Wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) is 30-35% DM. Modified wet distillers grains plus solubles (MWDGS) is 42-50% DM. It is important to note that plants may vary from one another in DM percentage, and may vary both within …
Utilization Of Soybeans Or Corn Milling By-Products In Beef Heifer Development Diets, H. L. Harris, Andrea S. Cupp, A. J. Roberts, Richard N. Funston
Utilization Of Soybeans Or Corn Milling By-Products In Beef Heifer Development Diets, H. L. Harris, Andrea S. Cupp, A. J. Roberts, Richard N. Funston
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Whole raw soybeans (SB), wet corn gluten feed (WCGF), and corn dried distillers grains (DDG) are sources of protein in heifer development rations. The objectives of this study were to compare puberty status before synchronization of estrus, response to synchronization, and AI and final pregnancy rates in heifers developed on diets containing SB, WCGF, or DDG that were formulated to be similar in energy and CP. These ingredients vary substantially in fat content, which may affect reproductive performance. Rate of gain during the feeding period and post-AI performance were also compared. In a preliminary experiment, 104 crossbred heifers were fed …
Differential Expression In Lung And Bronchial Lymph Node Of Pigs With High And Low Responses To Infection With Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus, J. S. Bates, D. B. Petry, J. Eudy, L. Bough, Rodger K. Johnson
Differential Expression In Lung And Bronchial Lymph Node Of Pigs With High And Low Responses To Infection With Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus, J. S. Bates, D. B. Petry, J. Eudy, L. Bough, Rodger K. Johnson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
One hundred Hampshire × Duroc crossbred pigs and 100 Nebraska Index line pigs were infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and evaluated for resistance and susceptibility. Controls (100/line) were uninfected littermates to infected pigs. Viremia (V), BW change (WTΔ), and rectal temperature at 0, 4, 7, and 14 d postinfection were recorded. Lung, bronchial lymph node (BLN), and blood tissue were collected at necropsy (14 d postinfection). Infected pigs were classified as low or high responders to PRRSV based on the first principal component from principal component analyses of all variables. Low responders to PRRSV (low PRRSV …
A Proposed Role For Vegf Isoforms In Sex-Specific Vasculature Development In The Gonad, Rebecca Bott, Debra T. Clopton, Andrea S. Cupp
A Proposed Role For Vegf Isoforms In Sex-Specific Vasculature Development In The Gonad, Rebecca Bott, Debra T. Clopton, Andrea S. Cupp
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Many scientists have expended efforts to determine what regulates development of an indifferent gonad into either a testis or ovary. Expression of Sry and upregulation of Sox9 are factors that initiate formation of the testis-specific pathway to allow for both sex-specific vasculature and seminiferous cord formation. Migration of mesonephric precursors of peritubular myoid cells and endothelial cells into the differentiating testis is a critical step in formation of both of these structures. Furthermore, these events appear to be initiated downstream from Sry expression. Sertoli cell secretion of growth factors acts to attract these mesonephric cells. One hypothesis is that a …
Cattle Code: Coproduct Optimizer Decision Evaluator, Crystal D. Buckner, Darrell Mark, Virgil R. Bremer, Galen E. Erickson
Cattle Code: Coproduct Optimizer Decision Evaluator, Crystal D. Buckner, Darrell Mark, Virgil R. Bremer, Galen E. Erickson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Expansion of the corn-based ethanol industry in recent years has resulted in a growing supply of coproduct feeds. These coproducts result in significant improvements in cattle performance and are often priced lower than corn on a dry matter basis. Along with these benefits to feeding ethanol coproduct feeds, cattle feeders must also account for additional transportation costs to originate the coproducts and for added expenses to handle, mix, and deliver the feed ration within the feedlot. An economic budget model, called Cattle CODE, was created to help feeders, nutritionists, and Extension educators evaluate these nonlinear effects across unique feeding situations.
Effects Of Calcium Magnesium Carbonate And Roughage Level On Feedlot Performance, Ruminal Metabolism, And Site And Extent Of Digestion In Steers Fed High-Grain Diets, G. I. Crawford, C. D. Keeler, J. D. Wagner, C. R. Krehbiel, Galen E. Erickson, M. B. Crombie, G. A. Nunnery
Effects Of Calcium Magnesium Carbonate And Roughage Level On Feedlot Performance, Ruminal Metabolism, And Site And Extent Of Digestion In Steers Fed High-Grain Diets, G. I. Crawford, C. D. Keeler, J. D. Wagner, C. R. Krehbiel, Galen E. Erickson, M. B. Crombie, G. A. Nunnery
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A feedlot growth performance experiment and 2 metabolism experiments were conducted to evaluate dietary roughage concentration and calcium magnesium carbonate in steers fed a high-grain diet. In Exp. 1, one hundred ninety-two crossbred yearling steers (320 ± 10 kg of initial BW) were fed diets based on steam-flaked corn with 0, 0.75, or 1.5% CaMg(CO3) 2. There were no effects (P ≥ 0.13) on ADG, DMI, G:F, or total water intake due to CaMg(CO3)2. In Exp. 2, five ruminally and duodenally fistulated steers (263 ± 9 kg of initial BW) were used in …
Effect Of Supplemental Energy Source And Frequency On Growing Calf Performance, T. W. Loy, Terry Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, C. N. Macken, J. C. Macdonald
Effect Of Supplemental Energy Source And Frequency On Growing Calf Performance, T. W. Loy, Terry Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, C. N. Macken, J. C. Macdonald
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Crossbred heifers (n = 120; 265 kg, SD = 37) were fed individually (84 d) to determine the effect of supplement type, concentration, and frequency on intake and performance and to estimate the energy value of dry distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) in a high-forage diet. Treatments were arranged in a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial, with 3 supplements, 2 concentrations, and 2 frequencies of supplementation. Supplements including dry-rolled corn (DRC), DRC with corn gluten meal (DRC + CGM), and DDGS were fed at 0.21% (LOW) or 0.81% (HIGH) of BW daily and were provided daily (DAILY) or 3 …
Dissection Of A Qtl Hotspot On Mouse Distal Chromosome 1 That Modulates Neurobehavioral Phenotypes And Gene Expression, Khyobeni Mozhui, Daniel C. Bastiaansen, Thomas Schikorski, Xusheng Wang, Lu Lu, Robert W. Williams
Dissection Of A Qtl Hotspot On Mouse Distal Chromosome 1 That Modulates Neurobehavioral Phenotypes And Gene Expression, Khyobeni Mozhui, Daniel C. Bastiaansen, Thomas Schikorski, Xusheng Wang, Lu Lu, Robert W. Williams
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A remarkably diverse set of traits maps to a region on mouse distal chromosome 1 (Chr 1) that corresponds to human Chr 1q21–q23. This region is highly enriched in quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control neural and behavioral phenotypes, including motor behavior, escape latency, emotionality, seizure susceptibility (Szs1), and responses to ethanol, caffeine, pentobarbital, and haloperidol. This region also controls the expression of a remarkably large number of genes, including genes that are associated with some of the classical traits that map to distal Chr 1 (e.g., seizure susceptibility). Here, we ask whether this QTL-rich region on Chr 1 …
Letter To The Editor, Rodger K. Johnson
Letter To The Editor, Rodger K. Johnson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
I am a co-author of papers published in the Journal of Animal Science by Moeller et al. (2004) and Serenius et al. (2006) that report data from the National Pork Producers Council Maternal Line Evaluation project (MLE). In his letter to the editor, DeBuse (2007) claims that the authors of these papers misrepresented the line submitted by Newsham Hybrids (USA) Inc. (NH; Colorado Springs, CO) to the MLE. Below are the facts, as I know them, regarding the design and implementation of the MLE.
The MLE tested crossbred females that represented maternal lines available to producers. It was designed to …
Chapter 2: Use Of Distillers Co-Products In Diets Fed To Beef Cattle, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Virgil R. Bremer
Chapter 2: Use Of Distillers Co-Products In Diets Fed To Beef Cattle, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Virgil R. Bremer
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Consumers in the United States purchase 64 pounds of beef per year. That beef is considered “high quality” by international standards. In the distant past in the United States, beef was produced with forages, and it still is in most countries of the world today. Beef cattle are ruminants and therefore are able to convert grasses, hays, and crop residues into tasty, nutritious meat. Even today in the United States, about 80% to 90% of the feed required to produce “grain-fed” beef is forage. The U.S. beef produced today is “high quality” because the cattle are fed corn just prior …
Effects Of Prebreeding Body Weight Or Progestin Exposure Before Breeding On Beef Heifer Performance Through The Second Breeding Season, J. L. Martin, K. W. Creighton, Jacqueline A. Musgrave, Terry J. Klopfenstein, R. T. Clark, Don C. Adams, Richard N. Funston
Effects Of Prebreeding Body Weight Or Progestin Exposure Before Breeding On Beef Heifer Performance Through The Second Breeding Season, J. L. Martin, K. W. Creighton, Jacqueline A. Musgrave, Terry J. Klopfenstein, R. T. Clark, Don C. Adams, Richard N. Funston
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Two experiments evaluated prebreeding target BW or progestin exposure for heifers developed lighter than traditional recommendations. Experiment 1 evaluated the effects of the system on heifer performance through subsequent calving and rebreeding over 3 yr. Heifers (229 kg) were assigned randomly to be developed to 55% of mature BW (299 kg) before a 45-d breeding season (intensive, INT; n = 119) or 50% of mature BW (272 kg) before a 60-d breeding season (relaxed, RLX; n = 142). Prebreeding and pregnancy diagnosis BW were greater (P ≤ 0.006) for INT than RLX heifers. Overall pregnancy rate did not differ (88.4%; …
Tenderness, Sensory, And Color Attributes Of Two Muscles From The M. Quadriceps Femoris When Fabricated Using A Modified Hot-Boning Technique, B. E. Jenschke, B. J. Swedberg, Chris R. Calkins
Tenderness, Sensory, And Color Attributes Of Two Muscles From The M. Quadriceps Femoris When Fabricated Using A Modified Hot-Boning Technique, B. E. Jenschke, B. J. Swedberg, Chris R. Calkins
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The M. quadriceps femoris from USDA Choice (n = 12) and USDA Select (n = 12) carcasses were fabricated traditionally (COLD) or innovatively (HOT), in which the seams it shares with the top round and bottom round were separated prerigor to evaluate positional and locational effects on Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), sensory attributes, and objective color. At slaughter, paired USDA Choice and USDA Select carcasses were alternately assigned either the HOT or COLD treatment. At 48 h postslaughter, subprimals were removed, vacuum-packaged, and aged for an additional 5 d. After aging, the M. quadriceps femoris was cut into 2.54-cm-thick steaks …
Effects Of Dark Storage And Retail Display On Beef Chunk And Round Muscles Enhanced With Ammonium Hydroxide, Salt, And Carbon Monoxide, A. E. Hamling, B. E. Jenschke, Chris R. Calkins
Effects Of Dark Storage And Retail Display On Beef Chunk And Round Muscles Enhanced With Ammonium Hydroxide, Salt, And Carbon Monoxide, A. E. Hamling, B. E. Jenschke, Chris R. Calkins
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The objective of this study was to determine the retail shelf stability of beef chuck and round muscles enhanced with ammonium hydroxide, salt, and carbon monoxide. A split plot design was used for each of 3 muscles [triceps brachii (TB), biceps femoris (BF), and rectus femoris (RF)] with 2 treatments (0 and 20% pump), 3 dark storage periods (1, 2, and 3 wk), and 3 replications in the whole plot and retail display period as the split plot. There were a total of 12 subprimals per treatment per dark storage period (n = 72 each). Individual steaks were cut to …
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Vegf) Isoforms May Regulate Sex-Specific Vascular Development, Cord Formation And Follicle Progression In Developing Gonads, Andrea S. Cupp, Rebecca C. Bott, Renee M. Pohlmann, Robin A. Ten Broeck, Debra T. Clopton
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Vegf) Isoforms May Regulate Sex-Specific Vascular Development, Cord Formation And Follicle Progression In Developing Gonads, Andrea S. Cupp, Rebecca C. Bott, Renee M. Pohlmann, Robin A. Ten Broeck, Debra T. Clopton
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The ratio of VEGF angiogenic to anti-angiogenic isoforms appears to determine different biological functions in reproduction. Reduced amounts of angiogenic VEGF isoforms inhibit testis sex-specific vasculature and normal cord formation in organ cultures while reduction of inhibitory isoforms increased vasculature and perturbed cords. In the female, using peri-natal ovarian cultures, inhibition of angiogenic VEGFisoforms reduced vascular development and inhibited follicle progression while conversely reductions in inhibitory isoforms or increases in angiogenic isoforms enhanced follicle development. Thus, regulation of the Vegfa gene to produce angiogenic or anti-angiogenic isoforms may be a mechanism to alter sex-specific vascular development, formation of seminiferous cords, …
The Effect Of Feeding Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles On Milk Production And Excretion Of Urinary Purine Derivatives, B. N. Janicek, P. J. Kononoff, A. M. Gehman, P. H. Doane
The Effect Of Feeding Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles On Milk Production And Excretion Of Urinary Purine Derivatives, B. N. Janicek, P. J. Kononoff, A. M. Gehman, P. H. Doane
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Two studies were performed to evaluate the effects of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on the lactational performance of dairy cows. The intent of experiment 1 was to evaluate the effects of feeding increasing concentrations of DDGS on the feed intake and production of Holstein dairy cows. Twenty multiparous Holstein cows averaging 76 ± 24 d in milk and 638 ± 68 kg of body weight were randomly assigned to one of five 4 × 4 Latin squares. During each of the 28-d periods, cows were offered 1 of 4 diets: 1) control, 0% DDGS, 2) 10% DDGS, 3) …
Evaluation Of Nitrogen Utilization And The Effects Of Monensin In Dairy Cows Fed Brown Midrib Corn Silage, A. M. Gehman, Paul J. Kononoff, C. R. Mullins, B. N. Janicek
Evaluation Of Nitrogen Utilization And The Effects Of Monensin In Dairy Cows Fed Brown Midrib Corn Silage, A. M. Gehman, Paul J. Kononoff, C. R. Mullins, B. N. Janicek
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Twenty midlactation Holstein cows (4 ruminally fistulated) averaging 101 ± 34 d in milk and weighing 674 ± 77 kg were used to compare rations with brown midrib corn silage (bm3) to rations with dual-purpose control silage (DP) on N utilization and milk production. The effect of monensin in these rations was also examined. Animals were assigned to one of five 4 × 4 Latin squares with treatments arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial. Cows were fed 1 of 4 treatments during each of the four 28- d periods. Treatments were 1) 0 mg/d monensin and bm3 …
A New Heat Load Index For Feedlot Cattle, J. B. Gaughan, Terry L. Mader, S. M. Holt, A. Lisle
A New Heat Load Index For Feedlot Cattle, J. B. Gaughan, Terry L. Mader, S. M. Holt, A. Lisle
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The ability to predict the effects of extreme climatic variables on livestock is important in terms of welfare and performance. An index combining temperature and humidity (THI) has been used for more than 4 decades to assess heat stress in cattle. However, the THI does not include important climatic variables such as solar load and wind speed (WS, m/s). Likewise, it does not include management factors (the effect of shade) or animal factors (genotype differences). Over 8 summers, a total of 11,669 Bos taurus steers, 2,344 B. taurus crossbred steers, 2,142 B. taurus × Bos indicus steers, and 1,595 B. …
Evaluation And Application Of The Cpm Dairy Nutrition Model, L. O, Tedeschi, W. Chalupa, E. Janczewski, D. G. Fox, C. Sniffen, R. Munson, Paul J. Kononoff, R. Boston
Evaluation And Application Of The Cpm Dairy Nutrition Model, L. O, Tedeschi, W. Chalupa, E. Janczewski, D. G. Fox, C. Sniffen, R. Munson, Paul J. Kononoff, R. Boston
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The Cornell-Penn-Miner (CPM) Dairy is an applied mathematical nutrition model that computes dairy cattle requirements and the supply of energy and nutrients based on characteristics of the animal, the environment and the physicochemical composition of the feeds under diverse production scenarios. The CPM Dairy was designed as a steady-state model to use rates of degradation of feed carbohydrate and protein and the rate of passage to estimate the extent of ruminal fermentation, microbial growth, and intestinal digestibility of carbohydrate and protein fractions in computing energy and protein post-rumen absorption, and the supply of metabolizable energy and protein to the animal. …
Effect Of Feeding Das-59122-7 Corn Grain And Nontransgenic Corn Grain To Individually Fed Finishing Steers, T. J. Huls, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, Matt K. Luebbe, K. J. Vander Pol, D. W. Rice, B. Smith, M. Hinds, F. Owens, M. Liebergesell
Effect Of Feeding Das-59122-7 Corn Grain And Nontransgenic Corn Grain To Individually Fed Finishing Steers, T. J. Huls, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, Matt K. Luebbe, K. J. Vander Pol, D. W. Rice, B. Smith, M. Hinds, F. Owens, M. Liebergesell
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
An experiment was conducted to evaluate feeding transgenic corn containing the cry34Ab1 and cry35Ab1 genes from a Bacillus thuringiensis strain and the phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (pat) gene from Streptomyces viridochromogenes to finishing cattle compared with nontransgenic corn. Expression of the cry34Ab1 and cry35Ab1 genes confers resistance to corn rootworms, and the pat gene confers tolerance to herbicides containing glufosinate-ammonium. Sixty crossbred steers (396 kg) were individually fed either transgenic corn (DAS-59122-7; 59122), a near-isogenic, nontransgenic control (Control), and a conventional, nontransgenic corn for 109 d to evaluate nutritional equivalency (20 steers/treatment). The corn was coarsely rolled (geometric mean diameter = 4,200 …
Effect Of Corn Processing In Finishing Diets Containing Wet Distillers Grains On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Steers, K. J. Vander Pol, Matthew A. Greenquist, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, T. Robb
Effect Of Corn Processing In Finishing Diets Containing Wet Distillers Grains On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Steers, K. J. Vander Pol, Matthew A. Greenquist, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein, T. Robb
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Three-hundred sixty calf-fed steers (BW = 318 ± 15 kg) were used in a completely randomized design to evaluate corn processing methods in finishing diets containing wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS). Whole corn (WC) was compared with corn processed by different methods, consisting of dryrolled corn (DRC), high-moisture corn (HMC), a 1:1 DRC:HMC combination (DM basis), steam-flaked corn (SFC), and finely-ground corn (FGC). The SFC with a flake density of 0.33 kg/L was obtained from a commercial feedlot. Basal dietary ingredients consisted of ground alfalfa hay (5.6% of DM) and dry supplement (3.0% of DM), with the balance being …
Climate Conditions In Bedded Confinement Buildings, Terry L. Mader, Leslie J. Johnson, Tami Brown-Brandl, John Gaughan
Climate Conditions In Bedded Confinement Buildings, Terry L. Mader, Leslie J. Johnson, Tami Brown-Brandl, John Gaughan
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Confinement buildings are utilized for finishing cattle to allow more efficient collection of animal waste and to buffer animals against adverse climatic conditions. Environmental data were obtained from a 29 m wide x 318 m long, solid floor, bedded confinement building with the long axis oriented east to west. The south side (front) was approximately 8.5 m high and the north (back) side is approximately 5.0 m high with 3.7 m being open (at the top). The opening was closed to within 1.0 m of the top in the winter. In general, low wind speed and/or decreased air movement associated …
Microarray Analysis Reveals Distinctive Signaling Between The Bed Nucleus Of The Stria Terminalis, Nucleus Accumbens, And Dorsal Striatum, Christopher M. Olsen, Yong Pandey, Shirlean Goodwin, Daniel C. Ciobanu, Lu Lu, Thomas R. Sutter, Danny G. Winder
Microarray Analysis Reveals Distinctive Signaling Between The Bed Nucleus Of The Stria Terminalis, Nucleus Accumbens, And Dorsal Striatum, Christopher M. Olsen, Yong Pandey, Shirlean Goodwin, Daniel C. Ciobanu, Lu Lu, Thomas R. Sutter, Danny G. Winder
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Microarray analysis reveals distinctive signaling between the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, nucleus accumbens, and dorsal striatum. Physiol Genomics 32: 283–298, 2008. First published October 2, 2006; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00224.2006.—To identify distinct transcriptional patterns between the major subcortical dopamine targets commonly studied in addiction we studied differences in gene expression between the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), nucleus accumbens (NAc), and dorsal striatum (dStr) using microarray analysis. We first tested for differences in expression of genes encoding transcripts for common neurotransmitter systems as well as calcium binding proteins routinely used in neuroanatomical delineation of brain regions. This a priori …
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters For Average Daily Gain Using Models With Competition Effects, C. Y. Chen, Stephen D. Kachman, Rodger K. Johnson, S. Newman, L. Dale Van Vleck
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters For Average Daily Gain Using Models With Competition Effects, C. Y. Chen, Stephen D. Kachman, Rodger K. Johnson, S. Newman, L. Dale Van Vleck
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Components of variance for ADG with models including competition effects were estimated from data provided by the Pig Improvement Company on 11,235 pigs from 4 selected lines of swine. Fifteen pigs with average age of 71 d were randomly assigned to a pen by line and sex and taken off test after approximately 89 d (off-test BW ranged from 61 to 158 kg). Models included fixed effects of line, sex, and contemporary group and initial test age as a covariate, with random direct genetic, competition (genetic and environmental), pen, litter, and residual effects. With the full model, variances attributable to …
Chemical And Sensory Properties Of Beef Of Known Source And Finished On Wet Distillers Grains Diets Containing Varying Types And Levels Of Roughage, B. E. Jenschke, Joshua R. Benton, Chris R. Calkins, Timothy P. Carr, Kent M. Eskridge, Terry Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson
Chemical And Sensory Properties Of Beef Of Known Source And Finished On Wet Distillers Grains Diets Containing Varying Types And Levels Of Roughage, B. E. Jenschke, Joshua R. Benton, Chris R. Calkins, Timothy P. Carr, Kent M. Eskridge, Terry Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
Beef knuckles (n = 160) were obtained from source-verified cattle finished on 30% wet distillers grains plus solubles enriched with varying levels of alfalfa hay (4 or 8%), corn silage (6 or 12%), or corn stalks (3 or 6%) based on NDF. Proximate analysis, pH, oxidation-reduction potential, fatty acid composition, and sensory analysis were conducted on the rectus femoris muscle to determine if roughage inclusion, in conjunction with wet distillers grains plus solubles and cattle source, affects beef flavor with particular interest in liver-like off-flavor. Proximate analysis, fat content, and oxidation-reduction potential were unaffected (P ≥ 0.129) by diet or …
Effects Of Aging On Beef Chuck And Loin Muscles Enhanced With Ammonium Hydroxide And Salt, A. E. Hamling, B. E. Jenschke, Chris R. Calkins
Effects Of Aging On Beef Chuck And Loin Muscles Enhanced With Ammonium Hydroxide And Salt, A. E. Hamling, B. E. Jenschke, Chris R. Calkins
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The objective of this study was to determine whether aging would alter the beneficial effects (tenderness, juiciness, and flavor) of enhancing beef chuck and round steaks with a 20% solution of water, ammonium hydroxide, salt, and carbon monoxide. A randomized, complete block design was used, with 2 treatments [0% (control) and 20% (pump)], 3 aging periods (1, 2, and 3 wk), 3 muscles (M. triceps brachii from the clod heart, M. biceps femoris from the sirloin cap, and M. rectus femoris from the knuckle), and 3 replications. There were a total of 12 subprimals per treatment per aging period (n …
Effect Of Intensive Winter Management, Partial Season Grazing, And Sorting On Performance And Economics Of A Long Yearling Steer Production System, J. D. Folmer, W. A. Griffin, C. N. Macken, M. P. Blackford, T. J. Klopfenstein, G. E. Erickson
Effect Of Intensive Winter Management, Partial Season Grazing, And Sorting On Performance And Economics Of A Long Yearling Steer Production System, J. D. Folmer, W. A. Griffin, C. N. Macken, M. P. Blackford, T. J. Klopfenstein, G. E. Erickson
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
A 2-yr study (200 steers/yr) was conducted to evaluate effects of grazing management and sorting by BW at feedlot entry on performance and economics of yearling steers. At receiving, steers (247 ± 21 kg) were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 treatments: low (0.75 kg/d, NORM) or high (0.90 kg/d, INT) gains during backgrounding. After wintering, NORM and INT grazed native range for 128 and 78 d, respectively. At feedlot entry, steers were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 treatments: sorted by BW (25% heavy, 50% medium, or 25% light; SORT) or unsorted (UNSORT). Heavy, medium, light, and UNSORT steers …
Board-Invited Review: Use Of Distillers By-Products In The Beef Cattle Feeding Industry, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Virgil R. Bremer
Board-Invited Review: Use Of Distillers By-Products In The Beef Cattle Feeding Industry, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Virgil R. Bremer
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
The ethanol industry is expanding rapidly. This expansion in production of renewable energy also increases production of by-products. These byproducts, primarily distillers grains plus solubles (DGS), are utilized very efficiently by ruminants. When the starch in corn is fermented to produce ethanol, the remaining nutrients (protein, fat, fiber) are concentrated about 3-fold. Whereas DGS is an excellent protein source for ruminants, the large supply and the price relative to corn make DGS an attractive energy source as well. This is especially important with reduced availability and higher price of corn because of demand by the ethanol industry. A meta-analysis of …
Letter To The Editor
Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications
This letter is in response to the Letter to the Editor by Neil DeBuse published in this issue of the Journal of Animal Science regarding journal paper “Design and standards for genetic evaluation of seedstock populations” (81:2409–2418, 2003). The NPPC Genetic Programs Committee (GPC) and the authors of this journal paper recognize Newsham Hybrids as a reputable genetics company and a credible source of information to the swine industry. As a result, we have no reason to doubt their initial pedigree information and stand by the evaluation of the original Newsham Hybrids entry that was made by the GPC at …