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Articles 1 - 16 of 16
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Topographic Analysis And Predictive Modeling Using Geographic Information Systems, Steven Hall
Topographic Analysis And Predictive Modeling Using Geographic Information Systems, Steven Hall
All Dissertations
This dissertation describes three GIS models developed to better model topographic features and the occurrence of mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia) in the southern Appalachian Mountains. The first study presented 'A LiDAR based GIS model to calculate Terrain Shape Index on a landscape scale', attempts to develop a GIS based model to calculate the Terrain Shape Index (TSI). TSI is typically collected in the field using a series of elevation measurements to determine the average elevation change within the study plot. In this study, a GIS model is developed and TSI values compared to those collected using conventional methods. The second …
Wild Pig Habitat Use, Substrate Disturbance, And Understory Vegetation At Congaree National Park, Scott Zengel
Wild Pig Habitat Use, Substrate Disturbance, And Understory Vegetation At Congaree National Park, Scott Zengel
All Dissertations
Substrate disturbance by wild pigs ( Sus scrofa L.), mainly wild pig rooting, was evaluated bi&ndashmonthly over three years in fixed 1,000 m2 plots at Congaree National Park, South Carolina, USA. The study compared hog substrate disturbance among four habitats: three mature wetland floodplain forest types (mixed bottomland hardwoods, cypress&ndashtupelo swamp, seepage floodplain forest), and successional upland pine flatwoods adjacent to the floodplain (including former pine plantation). New disturbance included fresh signs of hog substrate disturbance. Total disturbance included both new and older hog disturbance still visible on the landscape (equivalent to all disturbance that would be recorded under less …
Biodiversity Of Supplemental Wildlife Plantings And Thinned And Burned Pine Habitats In South Carolina, Marguerite Porter
Biodiversity Of Supplemental Wildlife Plantings And Thinned And Burned Pine Habitats In South Carolina, Marguerite Porter
All Theses
Biodiversity conservation is currently an important focus for forest and wildlife management. The overall objective of this study was to compare the diversity of invertebrates and vegetation in white-tailed deer food plots and natural forage areas for white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) as indicators of biodiversity. Invertebrates were chosen as the bio-indicator due to their magnitude of contribution to the biodiversity in an ecosystem (Anderson, et al., 2004), ease of capture, and sensitivity to changes in vegetative structure and quality (Hartley, et al., 2007). This study utilized five thinned and burned forested pine sites, five perennial cool-season food plots, and five …
Fuel Dynamics Across Southern Appalachian Landscapes, Horace Gambrell
Fuel Dynamics Across Southern Appalachian Landscapes, Horace Gambrell
All Theses
Although there have been several individual studies measuring hardwood fuels, across the central Hardwood Region and southern Appalachian Mountains, little is known of how hardwood fuels are distributed across the landscape. Understanding this distribution is essential for fire management planning. Previous studies suggest that the decay rate of litter and fine woody fuel is greater on mesic sites as compared to dryer sites. In the southern Appalachian Mountains, northeast facing slopes and protected bottoms are generally the more mesic sites, while southwest facing slopes and exposed ridge tops receive sunlight for longer periods and should be more xeric.
The objectives …
Laboratory Study Of Responses Of Anuran Amphibians To Roundup¨ Exposures: Experimental Design And Role Of Sediment, Latice Fuentes
Laboratory Study Of Responses Of Anuran Amphibians To Roundup¨ Exposures: Experimental Design And Role Of Sediment, Latice Fuentes
All Theses
The contribution of incidental exposures of Roundup¨ herbicide to amphibian declines can be evaluated with carefully designed laboratory tests. Sensitive, sentinel species of larval anurans were exposed to two formulations: the original formulation of Roundup¨ and Roundup WeatherMax¨ in 96-hour acute, aqueous and water-sediment tests. An experimental design was developed that considered and held constant relevant laboratory conditions which produced precise, replicable data. Experimental design factors decreased variability and increased precision by considering and incorporating the following: 1) range-finding tests; 2) reference toxicity tests; 3) the relative sensitivity of the species tested; 4) differences in formulation; 5) the number of …
Three Dimensional Visualization Of Fire Spreading Over Forest Landscapes, Brian Williams
Three Dimensional Visualization Of Fire Spreading Over Forest Landscapes, Brian Williams
All Theses
Previous studies in fire visualization have required high end computer hardware and specialized technical skills. This study demonstrated fire visualization is possible using Visual Nature Studio and standard computer hardware. Elevation and vegetation data were used to create a representation of the New Jersey pine barren environment and a forest compartment within Hobcaw Barony. Photographic images were edited to use as image object models for forest vegetation. The FARSITE fire behavioral model was used to model a fire typical of that area. Output from FARSITE was used to visualize the fire with tree models edited to simulate burning and flame …
Laboratory Studies Of Responses Of Anuran Amphibians To Roundup Exposures: Reference Toxicant And Components, Lindsay Moore
Laboratory Studies Of Responses Of Anuran Amphibians To Roundup Exposures: Reference Toxicant And Components, Lindsay Moore
All Theses
Roundup¨ has been implicated as a possible cause for the declining amphibian populations in North America. Carefully designed laboratory toxicity tests are crucial for accurate risk assessment of the responses of anuran populations to incidental exposures of Roundup¨ herbicides. The overall objective of these studies was to determine the response of North American anuran species to exposures of Roundup¨ formulations and components to support or refute the claim that Roundup¨ is a factor in amphibian decline in North America. Aqueous 96 hour static non-renewal laboratory tests were utilized to (1) evaluate the effectiveness of copper sulfate as a reference toxicant …
Influence Of Selected Economic, Demographic And Political Characteristics On Growth In Africa, Richard Ogwal-Omara
Influence Of Selected Economic, Demographic And Political Characteristics On Growth In Africa, Richard Ogwal-Omara
All Theses
ABSTRACT Despite their common sources of development funds, African countries have had varying rates of growth. This study assesses the influence of selected social and economic variables on economic growth in Africa using data from 45 African countries for the year 2005. Regression results show that literacy rate, property rights, net budget surplus and inflation rate significantly influenced on growth in Africa. Judicial independence, number of days to start business and reliability of financial institutions did not show significant influence on growth in Africa. To promote growth, African governments need to redesign their education systems in order to be able …
Financial Impact Analysis Of Ipm With Conventional Sampling And Ipm With Binomial Sequential Sampling Method To Traditionally Operated Farms For Collards, 2007, Myra Clarisse Ferrer
Financial Impact Analysis Of Ipm With Conventional Sampling And Ipm With Binomial Sequential Sampling Method To Traditionally Operated Farms For Collards, 2007, Myra Clarisse Ferrer
All Theses
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has been very successful in directing farming to a more environment-friendly production. However, the extent of its economic impact is an equally-important question. This study looks at the amounts of savings and potential market profitability of using IPM in South Carolina collard production considering alternative scouting methods. Conventional sampling (CS) and binomial sequential scouting method (SSM), a recently developed scouting system for traditionally operated collard farms are compared. SSM is geared towards a more economical execution of scouting without forfeiting the effectiveness of the process. Financial analysis specifically costs and returns methods and sensitivity analysis on …
Using Low Density, Small Footprint Lidar In Forest Inventory Applications In The Southeastern U.S., Ben Graham
Using Low Density, Small Footprint Lidar In Forest Inventory Applications In The Southeastern U.S., Ben Graham
All Theses
Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) is becoming a widely used tool in forestry and natural resource fields. The availability of free and low cost datasets gives LIDAR the ability to save time and money over traditional forest inventory practices. In this study, the effectiveness of low density, small footprint LIDAR compared to forest field inventory measurements from the Clemson Experimental Forest was determined. LIDAR based estimates were analyzed to determine if LIDAR is a viable tool for estimating particular forest inventory features in the Southeastern U.S. and whether a transition could be made to a more GIS based analysis. Standard …
Secondary Metabolism Inducing Treatments During In Vitro Development Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Rhizomes, Matthew M. Cousins, Jeffrey W. Adelberg, Feng Chen, James Rieck
Secondary Metabolism Inducing Treatments During In Vitro Development Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Rhizomes, Matthew M. Cousins, Jeffrey W. Adelberg, Feng Chen, James Rieck
Publications
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) plants that were grown in vitro for 17 or 22 weeks as a fed-batch culture in 2.5 L vessels yielded 39 to 43 g and 62 to 70 g of fresh rhizomes per vessel, respectively (95 % confidence interval). The MS liquid medium was maintained at 6 % sucrose through media addition twice during the experiment. Various methods were employed in attempts to increase secondary metabolism. Antioxidant and total phenolics assays were employed to characterize phytochemical activity. A first experiment exposed four clones to phenylalanine and/or methyl jasmonate (MeJa) from week 12 to 17 in …
Responses Of Upland Herpetofauna To The Restoration Of Carolina Bays And Thinning Of Forested Bay Margins, Joseph Ledvina
Responses Of Upland Herpetofauna To The Restoration Of Carolina Bays And Thinning Of Forested Bay Margins, Joseph Ledvina
All Theses
Research on the effects of wetland restoration on reptiles and amphibians is becoming more common, but almost all of these studies have observed the colonization of recently disturbed habitats that were completely dry at the time of restoration. In a similar manner, investigations herpetofaunal responses to forest management have focused on clearcuts, and less intensive stand manipulations are not as well studied. To evaluate community and population responses of reptiles and amphibians to hydrology restoration and canopy removal in the interior of previously degraded Carolina bays, I monitored herpetofauna in the uplands adjacent to six historically degraded Carolina bays in …
Evaluation Of Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Habitat Using A Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Foraging Matrix Application, Atul Kale
All Theses
ABSTRACT
The red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) is a listed endangered species, endemic in the southeastern United States. It is a cooperatively breeding species preferring to live in an open, mature and old growth pine ecosystem. The restoration and management of red-cockaded woodpecker habitat is a difficult task within both public and private land. Forest management practices may have adverse effect on nesting and foraging habitat. To delist the red-cockaded woodpecker from the endangered species list, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service developed the 2003 Recovery Plan. The foraging matrix was developed to produce an index or scoring system to classify …
Development Of In Vitro Protocols To Enhance Secondary Metabolite Production From Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.), Matthew Cousins
Development Of In Vitro Protocols To Enhance Secondary Metabolite Production From Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.), Matthew Cousins
All Theses
Plant and organ culture can readily be applied to the field of medicinal plant and secondary metabolite production. Many studies that have been conducted attest to the utility of in vitro methods for preservation of genetic diversity, propagation of clonal individuals for use in commercial field planting, and production of metabolites directly from culture. Experiments have also shown that tissue culture is an important tool for enhancement of medicinal compound production utilizing various methods including elicitation. This thesis focuses on production of metabolites using an in vitro system. An overview in the form of a literature review is provided, which …
Environmental Observing Systems For Assessing Impacts Of Land Use Change, Samuel Esswein
Environmental Observing Systems For Assessing Impacts Of Land Use Change, Samuel Esswein
All Theses
The purpose of this research is to evaluate the application of technology solutions for enabling environmental research. This project develops a complete environmental observing system in support of an investigation of the hydrological and ecological impacts of land use change on the coast of South Carolina. The land use change study is an ongoing multi-disciplinary effort involving the collection of a large number of monitored and sampled parameters at Bannockburn Plantation, which is located near the City of Georgetown in South Carolina. Long term monitoring will support a hydrological and ecological assessment of the study site before, during, and after …
Short-Term And Long-Term Time Course Studies Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Microrhizome Development In Vitro, Jeffrey Adelberg, Matthew M. Cousins
Short-Term And Long-Term Time Course Studies Of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.) Microrhizome Development In Vitro, Jeffrey Adelberg, Matthew M. Cousins
Publications
Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) plantlets were cultured in MS (Murashige and Skoog Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962) liquid medium with 6% sucrose. Microrhizome development was observed in the presence of methyl jasmonate (MeJa) (0, 5 and 16 μM) and benzyladenine (BA) (0, 0.32 and 1 μM). Leaf, root, rhizome growth, and sugar use were measured weekly for 6 weeks in small vessels (180 ml) and four times in 23 weeks in larger vessels (2.5 l). MeJa reduced leaf, root, and rhizome biomass. BA had a positive effect on biomass accumulation. Microrhizome mass increased at a linear rate during 6 weeks …