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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Relationship Of Area-Level Sociodemographic Characteristics, Household Composition And Individual-Level Socioeconomic Status On Walking Behavior Among Adults, Mary O. Hearst, John R. Sirard, Ann Forsyth, Emily D. Parker, Elizabeth G. Klein, Christine G. Green, Leslie A. Lytle
The Relationship Of Area-Level Sociodemographic Characteristics, Household Composition And Individual-Level Socioeconomic Status On Walking Behavior Among Adults, Mary O. Hearst, John R. Sirard, Ann Forsyth, Emily D. Parker, Elizabeth G. Klein, Christine G. Green, Leslie A. Lytle
John Sirard
Understanding the contextual factors associated with why adults walk is important for those interested in increasing walking as a mode of transportation and leisure. This paper investigates the relationships between neighborhood-level sociodemographic context, individual level sociodemographic characteristics and walking for leisure and transport. Data from two community-based studies of adults (n=550) were used to determine the association between the area-sociodemographic environment (ASDE), calculated from U.S. Census variables, and individual-level SES as potential correlates of walking behavior. Descriptive statistics, mean comparisons and Pearson’s correlations coefficients were used to assess bivariate relationships. Generalized estimating equations were used to model the relationship between …
Evaluation Of Two Self-Report Measures Of Physical Activity With Accelerometry In Young Adults, John R. Sirard, Peter J. Hannan, Gretche J. Cutler, Dan J. Graham, Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
Evaluation Of Two Self-Report Measures Of Physical Activity With Accelerometry In Young Adults, John R. Sirard, Peter J. Hannan, Gretche J. Cutler, Dan J. Graham, Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
John Sirard
Background—The purpose of this paper is to evaluate self reported physical activity of young adults using one-week and one-year recall measures with an accelerometer as the criterion measure. Methods—Participants were a subsample (N=121, 24±1.7 yrs) from a large longitudinal cohort study. Participants completed a detailed one-year physical activity recall, wore an accelerometer for one week and then completed a brief one-week physical activity recall when they returned the accelerometer. Results—Mean values for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from the three instruments were 3.2, 2.2, and 13.7 hours/wk for the accelerometer, one-week recall, and one-year recall, respectively (all different from each other, …
Physical Activity And Screen Time In Adolescents And Their Friends, John R. Sirard, Meg Bruening, Melanie M. Wall, Marla E. Eisenberg, Sun K. Kim, Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
Physical Activity And Screen Time In Adolescents And Their Friends, John R. Sirard, Meg Bruening, Melanie M. Wall, Marla E. Eisenberg, Sun K. Kim, Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
John Sirard
Background—Little is known about the actual physical activity and screen time behaviors of an adolescent’s friends relative to the individual’s behavior. Purpose—To determine the associations between an adolescent’s physical activity and screen time and his/her nominated friends’ physical activity and screen time. Methods—Data were obtained from EAT 2010 (Eating and Activity Among Teens), a large cross-sectional study (n=2126) conducted in 20 middle schools and high schools in Minneapolis/ St. Paul MN during the 2009–2010 academic year and analyzed during 2011. Each participant nominated up to six friends from a school roster, and data from those friends were obtained as part …
Adolescent Physical Activity And The Built Environment: A Latent Class Analysis Approach, Kelsey Mcdonald, Mary Hearst, Kian Farbakhsh, Carrie Patnode, Ann Forsyth, John Sirard, Leslie Lytle
Adolescent Physical Activity And The Built Environment: A Latent Class Analysis Approach, Kelsey Mcdonald, Mary Hearst, Kian Farbakhsh, Carrie Patnode, Ann Forsyth, John Sirard, Leslie Lytle
John Sirard
This study used latent class analysis to classify adolescent home neighborhoods (n=344) according to built environment characteristics, and tested how adolescent physical activity, sedentary behavior, and screen time differ by neighborhood type/class. Four distinct neighborhood classes emerged: 1) low-density retail/transit, low walkability index (WI), further from recreation; 2) high-density retail/transit, high WI, closer to recreation; 3) moderate-high-density retail/transit, moderate WI, further from recreation; and 4) moderate-low-density retail/transit, low WI, closer to recreation. We found no difference in adolescent activity by neighborhood class. These results highlight the difficulty of disentangling the potential effects of the built environment on adolescent physical activity.
Comparison Of Three Measures Of Physical Activity And Associations With Blood Pressure, Hdl And Body Composition In A Sample Of Adolescents, Mo Hearst, John Sirard, La Lytle, Dr Dengel, D Berrigan
Comparison Of Three Measures Of Physical Activity And Associations With Blood Pressure, Hdl And Body Composition In A Sample Of Adolescents, Mo Hearst, John Sirard, La Lytle, Dr Dengel, D Berrigan
John Sirard
Background—The association of physical activity (PA), measured three ways, and biomarkers were compared in a sample of adolescents. Methods—PA data were collected on two cohorts of adolescents (N=700) in the Twin Cities, Minnesota, 2007–2008. PA was measured using two survey questions (Modified Activity Questionnaire (MAQ)), the 3-Day Physical Activity Recall (3DPAR), and accelerometers. Biomarkers included systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), lipids, percent body fat (%BF) and body mass index (BMI) percentile. Bivariate relationships among PA measures and biomarkers were examined followed by generalized estimating equations for multivariate analysis. Results—The three measures were significantly correlated with each other (r=0.22–0.36, …
Multilevel Predictors Of Adolescent Physical Activity: A Longitudinal Analysis, Mary O. Hearst, Carrie D. Patnode, John R. Sirard, Kian Farbakhsh, Leslie A. Lytle
Multilevel Predictors Of Adolescent Physical Activity: A Longitudinal Analysis, Mary O. Hearst, Carrie D. Patnode, John R. Sirard, Kian Farbakhsh, Leslie A. Lytle
John Sirard
Background To examine how factors from a social ecologic model predict physical activity (PA) among adolescents using a longitudinal analysis. Methods Participants in this longitudinal study were adolescents (ages 10-16 at baseline) and one parent enrolled in the Transdisciplinary Research on Energetics and Cancer-Identifying Determinants of Eating and Activity (TREC-IDEA) and the Etiology of Childhood Obesity (ECHO). Both studies were designed to assess a socio-ecologic model of adolescent obesity risk. PA was collected using ActiGraph activity monitors at two time points 24 months apart. Other measures included objective height and weight, adolescent and parent questionnaires on multilevel psychological, behavioral and …
Obesogenic Family Types Identified Through Latent Profile Analysis, Brian Martinson, Gabriela Vazquezbenitez, Carrie Patnode, Mary Hearst, Nancy Sherwood, Emily Parker, John Sirard, Keryn Pasch, Leslie Lytle
Obesogenic Family Types Identified Through Latent Profile Analysis, Brian Martinson, Gabriela Vazquezbenitez, Carrie Patnode, Mary Hearst, Nancy Sherwood, Emily Parker, John Sirard, Keryn Pasch, Leslie Lytle
John Sirard
Background—Obesity may cluster in families due to shared physical and social environments. Purpose—This study aims to identify family typologies of obesity risk based on family environments. Methods—Using 2007–2008 data from 706 parent/youth dyads in Minnesota, we applied latent profile analysis and general linear models to evaluate associations between family typologies and body mass index (BMI) of youth and parents. Results—Three typologies described most families with 18.8% “Unenriched/Obesogenic,” 16.9% “Risky Consumer,” and 64.3% “Healthy Consumer/Salutogenic.” After adjustment for demographic and socioeconomic factors, parent BMI and youth BMI Z-scores were higher in unenriched/obesogenic families (BMI difference=2.7, p<0.01 and BMI Z-score difference=0.51, p<0.01, respectively) relative to the healthy consumer/salutogenic typology. In contrast, parent BMI and youth BMI Z-scores were similar in the risky consumer families relative to those in healthy consumer/salutogenic type. Conclusions—We can identify family types differing in obesity risks with implications for public health interventions.
Evaluating A Model Of Youth Physical Activity, Carrie D. Heitzler, Leslie A. Lytle, Darin J. Erickson, Daheia Barr-Anderson, John R. Sirard, Mary Story
Evaluating A Model Of Youth Physical Activity, Carrie D. Heitzler, Leslie A. Lytle, Darin J. Erickson, Daheia Barr-Anderson, John R. Sirard, Mary Story
John Sirard
Objective—To explore the relationship between social influences, self-efficacy, enjoyment, and barriers and physical activity. Methods—Structural equation modeling examined relationships between parent and peer support, parent physical activity, individual perceptions, and objectively measured physical activity using accelerometers among a sample of youth aged 10–17 years (N=720). Results—Peer support, parent physical activity, and perceived barriers were directly related to youth activity. The proposed model accounted for 14.7% of the variance in physical activity. Conclusions—The results demonstrate a need to further explore additional individual, social, and environmental factors that may influence youth’s regular participation in physical activity.
Physical Activity And Sedentary Activity Patterns Among Children And Adolescents: A Latent Class Analysis Approach, Carrie Heitzler, Leslie Lytle, Darin Erickson, John Sirard, Daheia Barr-Anderson, Marry Story
Physical Activity And Sedentary Activity Patterns Among Children And Adolescents: A Latent Class Analysis Approach, Carrie Heitzler, Leslie Lytle, Darin Erickson, John Sirard, Daheia Barr-Anderson, Marry Story
John Sirard
Background—While much is known about the overall levels of physical activity and sedentary activity among youth, few studies have attempted to define clusters of such behaviors. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe unique classes of youth based on their participation in a variety of physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Methods—Latent class analysis was used to characterize segments of youth based on patterns of self-reported and accelerometer-measured participation in 12 behaviors. Children and adolescents (N=720) from 6th–11th grade were included in the analysis. Differences in class membership were examined using multinomial logistic regression. Results—Three distinct classes emerged …
Relationships Between Energy Balance Knowledge And The Home Environment, Megan E. Slater, John R. Sirard, Melissa N. Laska, Mark A. Pereira, Leslie A. Lytle
Relationships Between Energy Balance Knowledge And The Home Environment, Megan E. Slater, John R. Sirard, Melissa N. Laska, Mark A. Pereira, Leslie A. Lytle
John Sirard
Certain aspects of the home environment as well as individuals’ knowledge of energy balance are believed to be important correlates of various dietary and physical activity behaviors, but no known studies have examined potential relationships between these correlates. This study evaluated cross-sectional associations between characteristics of the home environment and energy balance knowledge among 349 youth/parent pairs recruited from the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area from September 2006 to June 2007. Linear regression models adjusted for student grade and highest level of parental education were used to compare data from home food, physical activity, and media inventories (parent-reported) with energy balance …
The Physical Activity Climate In Minnesota Middle And High Schools, Anne Samuelson, Leslie Lytle, Keryn Pasch, Kian Farbakhsh, Stacey Moe, John R. Sirard
The Physical Activity Climate In Minnesota Middle And High Schools, Anne Samuelson, Leslie Lytle, Keryn Pasch, Kian Farbakhsh, Stacey Moe, John R. Sirard
John Sirard
Background—This article describes policies, practices, and facilities that form the physical activity climate in Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota metro area middle and high schools and examines how the physical activity climate varies by school characteristics, including public/private, school location and grade level. Methods—Surveys examining school physical activity practices, policies and environment were administered to principals and physical education department heads from 115 middle and high schools participating in the Transdisciplinary Research on Energetics and Cancer-Identifying Determinants of Eating and Activity (TREC-IDEA) study. Results—While some supportive practices were highly prevalent in the schools studied (such as prohibiting substitution of other classes for …
Dog Ownership And Adolescent Physical Activity, John R. Sirard, Carrie D. Patnode, Mary O. Hearst, Melissa N. Laska
Dog Ownership And Adolescent Physical Activity, John R. Sirard, Carrie D. Patnode, Mary O. Hearst, Melissa N. Laska
John Sirard
Background—Positive associations between dog ownership and adult health outcomes have been observed, but research involving youth is lacking. Purpose—The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of family dog ownership to adolescent and parent physical activity, weight status, and metabolic risk factors. Methods—Data were collected on dog ownership in 618 adolescent/parent pairs between 9/2006 and 6/2008 and analyzed in 2010. Adolescent physical activity was assessed by ActiGraph accelerometers. Trained staff measured blood pressure, height and weight, and percentage body fat was calculated by impedance. A subsample of adolescents (n=318) opted for a fasting blood draw used to derive …
Neighborhood Design And Perceptions: Relationship With Active Commuting, Carolyn C. Voorhees, J. Scott Ashwood, Kelly R. Evenson, John R. Sirard, Ariane L. Rung, Marsha Dowda, Thomas L. Mckenzie
Neighborhood Design And Perceptions: Relationship With Active Commuting, Carolyn C. Voorhees, J. Scott Ashwood, Kelly R. Evenson, John R. Sirard, Ariane L. Rung, Marsha Dowda, Thomas L. Mckenzie
John Sirard
Purpose—Walking to and from school contributes to total physical activity levels. This study investigated whether perceived and actual neighborhood features were associated with walking to or from school among adolescent girls. Methods—A sample of geographically diverse 8th grade girls (N=890) from the Trial for Activity in Adolescent Girls (TAAG) study living within 1.5 miles of their middle school were recruited. Participants completed a self-administered survey on their neighborhood and walking behavior. Geographic information system (GIS) data were used to assess objective neighborhood features. Nested multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the contribution of perceived and objective measures of …
The Relative Influence Of Demographic, Individual, Social, And Environmental Factors On Physical Activity Among Boys And Girls, Carrie D. Patnode, Leslie A. Lytle, Darin J. Erickson, John R. Sirard, Daheia Barr-Anderson, Mary Story
The Relative Influence Of Demographic, Individual, Social, And Environmental Factors On Physical Activity Among Boys And Girls, Carrie D. Patnode, Leslie A. Lytle, Darin J. Erickson, John R. Sirard, Daheia Barr-Anderson, Mary Story
John Sirard
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the associations of selected demographic, individual, social, and environmental factors with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in a sample of children and adolescents. Methods: MVPA was assessed among youth (n = 294) 10-17-years-old using the ActiGraph accelerometer. Youth completed measures of demographic and individual variables related to physical activity (PA), perceived social support by parents and peers, and perceived neighborhood characteristics. Parents completed the long-form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The Physical Activity and Media Inventory was used to measure the home environment and Geographical Information Systems software was used to measure the physical …
Adolescent Physical Activity And Screen Time: Associations With The Physical Home Environment, John R. Sirard, Melissa N. Laska, Carrie D. Patnode, Kian Farbakhsh, Leslie A. Lytle
Adolescent Physical Activity And Screen Time: Associations With The Physical Home Environment, John R. Sirard, Melissa N. Laska, Carrie D. Patnode, Kian Farbakhsh, Leslie A. Lytle
John Sirard
Background: Previous research on the environment and physical activity has mostly focused on macro-scale environments, such as the neighborhood environment. There has been a paucity of research on the role of microscale and proximal environments, such as that of the home which may be particularly relevant for younger adolescents who have more limited independence and mobility. The purpose of this study was to describe associations between the home environment and adolescent physical activity, sedentary time, and screen time. Methods: A total of 613 parent-adolescent dyads were included in these analyses from two ongoing cohort studies. Parents completed a Physical Activity …
Compliance With Wearing Physical Activity Accelerometers In High School Students, John R. Sirard, Megan E. Slater
Compliance With Wearing Physical Activity Accelerometers In High School Students, John R. Sirard, Megan E. Slater
John Sirard
Background—Accelerometer use in physical activity research has become increasingly popular but is prone to problems with missing data, which complicate the data reduction and analysis process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hypothesized compliance strategies on improving compliance with wearing a physical activity accelerometer in high school students. Methods—Each of four local high schools was assigned to one of four compliance strategies: (1) receiving three phone calls, (2) completing a daily journal, (3) compensation contingent on number of complete (≥ 10 hours) days of data, and (4) control condition. Participants wore ActiGraph accelerometers for seven …
Objectively Measured Physical Activity In Urban Alternative High School Students, John R. Sirard, Martha Y. Kubik, Jayne A. Fulkerson, Chrisa Arcan
Objectively Measured Physical Activity In Urban Alternative High School Students, John R. Sirard, Martha Y. Kubik, Jayne A. Fulkerson, Chrisa Arcan
John Sirard
Introduction—Alternative high school students are an underserved population of youth at greater risk for poor health behaviors and outcomes. Little is known about their physical activity patterns. Purpose—The purpose of this study was to describe 1) physical activity levels of students attending alternative high schools (AHS) in St. Paul/Minneapolis, MN and 2) compliance with wearing a physical activity accelerometer. Methods—Sixty-five students (59% male, 65% <18 years>old, 51% African-American, 17% Caucasian, 32% mixed and other) wore an accelerometer during all waking hours for seven days as part of the baseline assessment for a school-based physical activity and dietary behavior intervention. Accelerometer data …
International Journal Of Behavioral Nutrition And Physical Activity, John R. Sirard, Melissa C. Nelson, Mark A. Pereira, Leslie A. Lytle
International Journal Of Behavioral Nutrition And Physical Activity, John R. Sirard, Melissa C. Nelson, Mark A. Pereira, Leslie A. Lytle
John Sirard
Background: Little is known about how the home environmental supports physical activity and screen media usage. The purpose of this study was to develop and test the reliability and validity of a self-report instrument to comprehensively reflect the availability and accessibility of physical activity and screen media equipment in the home environment. Methods: Ten families participated in the initial field testing to provide feedback for instrument development. Thirty one adult participants, each of whom had at least one child 10–17 years old, completed two Physical Activity and Media Inventory (PAMI) instruments. The first PAMI was completed simultaneously, but independently, with …
Changes In Physical Activity From Walking To School, John Sirard, Sofiya Alhassan, Tirzah Spencer, Thomas Robinson
Changes In Physical Activity From Walking To School, John Sirard, Sofiya Alhassan, Tirzah Spencer, Thomas Robinson
John Sirard
No abstract provided.
A Preliminary Test Of A Student-Centered Intervention On Increasing Physical Activity In Underserved Adolescents, Dawn Wilson, Alexandra Evans, Joel Williams, Gary Mixon, John Sirard, Russell Pate
A Preliminary Test Of A Student-Centered Intervention On Increasing Physical Activity In Underserved Adolescents, Dawn Wilson, Alexandra Evans, Joel Williams, Gary Mixon, John Sirard, Russell Pate
John Sirard
Background—Previous studies have shown that choice and self-initiated behavior change are important for increasing intrinsic motivation and physical activity (PA), however, little of this research has focused on underserved adolescents. Purpose—This study examined the effects of a 4-week student-centered intervention on increasing PA in underserved adolescents. Methods—Twenty-eight students in the intervention school were matched (on race, percentage on free or reduced-price lunch program, gender, and age) with 20 students from another school who served as the comparison group (30 girls, 18 boys; ages 10–12 years; 83% African American; 83% on free or reduced-price lunch). The student-centered intervention was consistent with …
Prevalence Of Active Commuting At Urban And Suburban Elementary Schools In Columbia, Sc, John Sirard, Barbara Ainsworth, Kerri Mclver, Russell Pate
Prevalence Of Active Commuting At Urban And Suburban Elementary Schools In Columbia, Sc, John Sirard, Barbara Ainsworth, Kerri Mclver, Russell Pate
John Sirard
We directly observed the prevalence of walking and bicycling (active commuting) to 8 randomly selected urban and suburban elementary schools. When school was used as the unit of analysis, only 5.0% of the students actively commuted to or from school across all observed trips. Active commuting was not affected (P ≥.18) by school urbanization level, school socioeconomic status, time of day, day of week, weather conditions, or temperature. These results indicate a need for school- and community- based interventions.