Life Sciences Commons^™

School Of Culinary Arts & Food Technology-Winter Newsletter 2019, James Murphy

Other resources

The School of Culinary Arts and Food Technology, TU Dublin, Autumn Newsletter captured the many events, research, awards, significant contributions and special civic and community activities which the students and staff members of the school have successfully completed up to the Winter period of 2019. The successful completion of these activities would not be possible without the active and on-going support of the 'INSPIRED' friends of Culinary Arts (school supporters) and our school's industry association supporters.

Heavy-Atom-Free Bodipy Photosensitizers With Intersystem Crossing Mediated By Intramolecular Photoinduced Electron Transfer, Mikhail Filatov

Articles

Organic photosensitizers possessing efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) and forming long-living triplet excited states, play a crucial role in a number of applications. A common approach in the design of such dyes relies on the introduction of heavy atoms (e.g. transition metals or halogens) into the structure, which promote ISC via spin–orbit coupling interaction. In recent years, alternative methods to enhance ISC have been actively studied. Among those, the generation of triplet excited states through photoinduced electron transfer (PET) in heavy-atom-free molecules has attracted particular attention because it allows for the development of photosensitizers with programmed triplet state and fluorescence quantum …

Drinking Wine And Saving Ancient Steep Vineyards: Interview With Winemaker Martin Müllen (Mosel), Anke Klitzing

Articles

I spoke with winemaker Martin Müllen about the challenges and rewards of cultivating and maintaining the ancient steep vineyards along the Mosel river, which yield amazingly complex Riesling wines and have been renowned for centuries.

The Effect Of Calcium Alginate Entrapment On The Stability Of Novel Lipases From P. Reinekei And P. Brenneri, Priyanka Priyanka, Gemma K. Kinsella, Gary T. Henehan, Barry J. Ryan

Articles

The high cost of soluble enzymes can limit their use for commercial and industrial purposes. Immobilization can enhance enzyme reusability, thereby reducing product isolation costs and overcoming this economic barrier. In the current study, two novel, purified lipases from Pseudomonas sp. (Pseudomonas reinekei and Pseudomonas brenneri) were entrapped in a calcium alginate matrix, with the aim of simultaneously enhancing enzyme reusability and stability. Following entrapment, the retained activity of the enzyme-alginate composite was verified by an enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of a p-nitrophenol palmitate substrate. The effect of the enzyme-alginate entrapment against various physiochemical parameters such as pH, temperature, metal ions, …

Sure 2019 Undergraduate Science Conference Booklet, Sure Network

Group Reports

The Second Annual Science Undergraduate Research Experience (SURE) Conferences (SURE 2019) took place on 27th September 2019 in Institute of Technology, Carlow, Technological University Dublin and Institute of Technology, Sligo. The simultaneous conferences had a total of 23 oral presentations and 67 poster presentations, and were attended by over 450 students, academic staff, professional body and industry representatives.

The aims of the conference were to:

• Provide current students with an opportunity to gain an understanding of the work which has been undertaken by recent graduates, and the career opportunities that exist for graduates in Scientific disciplines.
• Provide recent graduates with …

Investigating Whether Consuming Meals In A Dining Room Impacts Patients’ Mood, Level Of Interaction, And Subsequent Nutrient Intake In A Stroke Rehabilitation Ward., Sali Abouhajar, Grace Bennett, Linda Dooley Ms., Tracy Waldron Ms., Katie Walsh Ms., Sile Murphy Ms., Aoibheann Mcmorrow Dr., Joseph Harbison Prof., Suzanne L Doyle

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Background/objectives
Malnutrition is evident in hospitals and stroke patients are at increased risk. Protected mealtimes may help increase nutrient intake especially when patients interact and enjoy the dining room atmosphere. The aim of this research is to investigate if eating in a communal dining room increases nutritional intake compared to eating at the bedside and to investigate whether patient interaction and mood affects patient nutrient intake.

Population/methods:
A randomised cross-sectional study of 20 patients, assessing a comparison of patient’s mealtime consumption at lunchtime in the dining room and at the beside. Patients’ meals were weighed before and after consumption as …

Editorial Issue 1, Barry Ryan

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Editorial Issue 1

Antimicrobial Properties Of Fucus Vesiculosus And Porphyra Dioica Collected From The Irish Coast., Lenka Jindrichova Miss, Annabel Higgins Hoare, Helen Hughes

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Various types of algae play an important role in entire ecosystem and has potential role in the continuous search for biologically active compounds with miscellaneous activities, such as antioxidant, antiviral and antimicrobial. The objective of this study was to study the antimicrobial properties of two diverse seaweeds, Fucus vesiculosus and Porphyra dioca. Antimicrobial compounds from both seaweeds could find potential future use in medical or food industries. Water content analysis was performed on both seaweeds and it was determined that high water content around 80% was apparent for both seaweeds, with higher consistency of water content found for Porphyra dioica …

Investigating The Knowledge Surrounding Folate And Folic Acid In A Cohort Of Vegetarians, Michael Dolan, Katherine Younger, Lucy Brennan, Jessica Roche

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Background
The aim is to identify any gaps in the knowledge of folate and folic acid in vegetarians, which is of interest given the increasing adoption of vegetarian type diets.

Methods
In this convenience sample, 106 people answered an online questionnaire regarding folate intake and awareness among vegetarians. This was created using Google Forms and was shared via Facebook, including on various national and college vegetarian group pages. There were 44 questions. Twenty-four participants were excluded, because they reported eating fish, chicken or other meat. Final data analysis included 82 subjects. The majority of these vegetarians were females over the …

Immediate-Early Genes And Delayed Primary Response Genes Regulated By Nmu In Skbr3 Her-2 Positive Breast Cancer Cell Line, Jessica Murphy, Sweta Rani

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Background
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that consists of varying genetic, cellular and molecular subtypes with unique characteristics. Due to the multiple subtypes and molecular markers of breast cancer, successful clinical treatment is hampered by the lack of reliable biomarkers. HER2-positive breast cancer is an aggressive subtype associated with poor patient prognosis. Although survival rates have dramatically increased due to the development of Trastuzumab in 1997, many patients develop a resistance to this therapeutic treatment and relapse over time. Rani et al. (2014), have associated the acquirement of resistance to HER2-treatment with Neuromedin U, but the mechanisms by …

Genetic Variation Of The Dgat1 Gene In Dual-Purpose Dairy Cows And Its Influence On Economically Important Breeding Traits, Mark E. Armitage, Emma Swan, Denise O'Meara

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Background
Over the last 10 years, the discovery of individual, or candidate, genes that influence economically important traits has revolutionised how the dairy industry selects cows for breeding programmes. One such gene, the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) gene is significant in dairy production as it is associated with the synthesis of fat in milk, and polymorphisms within the gene can be used for selection purposes. In this study, the variants (genotypes) of the K232A polymorphism of the DGAT1 gene, within a dual-purpose dairy herd, bred for both dairy and beef production, were determined, and compared to the Economic …

A Gis-Based Study Of Wild Atlantic Way In The West Of Ireland: Its Associated Organisations And Environmental Impacts., Leanne Leonard

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Background

Coastal regions are heavily reliant on tourism in order to achieve socio-economic sustainability. However, tourism impacts both positively and negatively on many coastal destinations. The world’s longest defined coastal route of 2600km, the Wild Atlantic Way (WAW), attracts tourists to the region of the West of Ireland after Fáilte Ireland began a promotional tourism drive in 2014. The association between WAW tourism and environmental impacts requires investigation.

The West of Ireland is home to a range of areas protected by the Birds and Habitats Directives which aim to safeguard against potentially damaging developments, meaning the anthropogenic effects from tourists …

Seaweeds As Nutraceuticals For Health And Nutrition, Emer Shannon, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam

Articles

Throughout human history, seaweeds have been used as food, folk remedies, dyes, and as mineral-rich fertilisers. Seaweeds as nutraceuticals or functional foods with dietary benefits beyond their fundamental macronutrient content are now a major research and industrial development concept. The occurrence of dietary and lifestyle related diseases, notably type 2 diabetes, obesity, cancer, and metabolic syndrome has become a health epidemic in developed countries. Global epidemiological studies have shown that countries where seaweed is consumed on a regular basis have significantly fewer instances of obesity and dietary-related disease. This review outlines recent developments in seaweed applications for human health from …

Cold Atmospheric Plasma Induces Accumulation Of Lysosomes And Caspase-Independent Cell Death In U373mg Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells, Gillian Conway, Zhonglei He, Ana L. Hutanu, George P. Cribaro, Eline Manaloto, Alan Casey, Damien Traynor, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Orla Howe, Carlos Barcia, James T. Murray, Patrick Cullen, James Curtin

Articles

Room temperature Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) has shown promising efficacy for the treatment of cancer but the exact mechanisms of action remain unclear. Both apoptosis and necrosis have been implicated as the mode of cell death in various cancer cells. We have previously demonstrated a caspase-independent mechanism of cell death in p53-mutated glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells exposed to plasma. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in caspase-independent cell death induced by plasma treatment. We demonstrate that plasma induces rapid cell death in GBM cells, independent of caspases. Accumulation of vesicles was observed in plasma …

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (Libs): A Potential Quality Tool For Infant Formula Manufacture, Xavier Cama Moncunill

Doctoral

Breast milk is considered the ideal food for infants. However, breastfeeding is at times supplemented or replaced with suitable alternatives. Infant formula (IF) is an industrially produced food intended as a breast milk substitute, which needs to satisfy, by itself, all nutritional requirements of infants. For this reason, it is of critical importance that IF provides the adequate amounts of nutrients including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals and vitamins. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a promising emission spectroscopic technique for elemental analysis, which can provide real-time measurements with little to no sample preparation. Hence, the main goal of this thesis was …

Integration Of Technology In The Chemistry Classroom And Laboratory, Barry J. Ryan

Books/Book Chapters/ Proceedings

The role of technology in the chemistry classroom and laboratory continues to evolve, with mainstream applications such as pre-lecture/laboratory resources being supplemented by technological innovations such as immersive reality. Although the range is vast, care must be taken to select appropriate and pedagogically aligned technologies to enable learning.

In this chapter a model for the appropriate selection and application of technology enabled learning in chemistry is developed and explored in the context of two case-studies. This model, LEAPTech, is based on ten years of personal experience, informed by evidence and underpinned by the scholarly literature. This model will serve as …

The Statistical Optimisation Of Recombinant Β-Glucosidase Production Through A Two-Stage, Multi-Model, Design Of Experiments Approach, Albert Uhoraningoga, Gemma K. Kinsella, Jesus Maria Frias, Gary T. Henehan, Barry J. Ryan

Articles

β-glucosidases are a class of enzyme that are widely distributed in the living world, with examples noted in plants, fungi, animals and bacteria. They offer both hydrolysis and synthesis capacity for a wide range of biotechnological processes. However, the availability of native, or the production of recombinant β-glucosidases, is currently a bottleneck in the widespread industrial application of this enzyme. In this present work, the production of recombinant β-glucosidase from Streptomyces griseus was optimised using a Design of Experiments strategy, comprising a two-stage, multi-model design. Three screening models were comparatively employed: Fractional Factorial, Plackett-Burman and Definitive Screening Design. Four variables …

Pka, Caspase 1 And Hsp40 Induced Apoptosis Under Fungi Starvation, Tobiloba Sojinrin, Kangze Liu, Daxiang Cui, James Curtin, Furong Tian

Articles

To investigate the influence of starvation on the biochemical response of Aspergillus niger. The biochemical impact of starvation was determined by morphological observation, immunofluorescent analysis, High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and western blot over 8 days. Results showed that starvation can inhibit fungi survival rate in a time-dependent manner. A. niger exhibited active responses to starvation such as secretion of some 40 kDa proteins to manage changes in water balance. Conidiophores disintegrated from lack of nutrient. The immunofluorescent analysis demonstrated elevated ROS accumulation in starved cells (PA. niger growth by inducing cell apoptosis.

Effect Of Fermentation On Enhancing The Nutraceutical Properties Of Arthrospira Platensis (Spirulina), Elena Demarcocastro, Emer Shannon, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam

Articles

Abstract:Arthrospira platensis(spirulina), a filamentous fresh-water planktonic cyanobacterium,possesses diverse biological activities and a unique nutritional profile, due to its high contentof valuable nutrients. This study aimed to further improve the bioactive profile of spirulina, byfermenting it with the lactic acid bacteriumLactobacillus plantarum.In vitrocomparison of thetotal phenolic content (TPC), C-phycocyanin, free methionine, DPPH radical scavenging capacity,ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and proteinfragmentation via SDS-PAGE in untreated versus 12 to 72 h fermented spirulina is reported here.After 36 h fermentation, TPC was enhanced by 112%, FRAP by 85% and ORAC by 36%. After 24 h,the DPPH radical scavenging …

2019 School Of Culinary Arts & Food Technology - Spring Newsletter, James Peter Murphy

Other resources

The School of Culinary Arts & Food Technology - Spring Newsletter captured the many events, research, awards, significant contributions and special activities which the students and staff members of the school have successfully completed leading up to and during the Spring period of 2019.

Air Quality Modelling For Ireland, Aoife Donnelly, Bruce Misstear, Brian Broderick

Reports

Air pollution is the primary environmental cause of premature death in the EU (European Commission, 2013) and the most problematic pollutants across Europe have consistently been oxides of nitrogen (e.g. nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)), particulate matter (e.g. PM₁₀, PM_2.5) and ozone (O₃). While measurements form an important aspect of air quality assessment, on their own they are unlikely to be sufficient to provide an accurate spatial and temporal description of the pollutant concentrations for exposure assessment and moreover they cannot provide information regarding future air quality. Annex XVI of 2008/50/EC requires member states …

Effective Knowledge Transfer During Biopharmaceutical Technology Transfer - How Well Do We Do It?, Martin J. Lipa, Paige Kane, Anne Greene

Articles

Author’s Note: This is the author’s submitted manuscript which has subsequently been published in the Journal of Validation Technology (www.ivtnetwork.com, Volume 25, Issue 4 – August 2019).

While knowledge management (KM) has been widely applied in other sectors, the international biopharmaceutical sector has struggled with the meaningful and sustained application of effective KM practices. This is evident even though KM has been highlighted in regulatory guidance for over 10 years, and the positive business impact of KM is well recognized in other sectors. This paper focuses on the topic of KM as applied to biopharmaceutical technology transfer, introducing …

Urban Aerobiological Risk Mapping Of Ornamental Trees Using A New Index Based On Lidar And Kriging: A Case Study Of Plane Trees, Raúl Pecero-Casimiro, Santiago Fernández-Rodríguez, Rafael Tormo-Molina, Alejandro Monroy-Colín, Inmaculada Silva-Palacios, Juan Pedro Cortés-Pérez, Ángela Gonzalo-Garijo, J. M. Maya-Manzano

Articles

Ornamental trees bring benefits for human health, including reducing urban pollution. However, some species, such as plane trees (Platanus sp.), produce allergenic pollen. Consequently, urban maps are a valuable tool for allergic patients and allergists, but they often fail to include variables that contribute to the “building downwash effect”, such as the width and shape of streets and the height of buildings. Other factors that directly influence pollen dispersion (slopes and other geographical features) also have not traditionally been discussed. The LiDAR (Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging) technique enables one to consider these variables with high accuracy. This work proposes …

An Audience With Pharmaceutical Regulators, Academia And Industry 2019: The Role Of Quality Risk Management (Qrm) And Knowledge Management (Km) In Medicinal Product Realisation For Patients In The 21st. Century, Anne Greene (Editor), Kevin O'Donnell (Editor), Anne Murphy (Editor), Elaine Harris (Editor)

Books

A monograph based on a seminar organised by the School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Science, Technological University Dublin, with the Health Products Regulatory Authority, and with Regulatory Science Ireland, 4th. April, 2019.

Effect Of Cold Plasma On Polyphenol Oxidase Inactivation In Cloudy Apple Juice And On The Quality Parameters Of The Juice During Storage., A.E. Illera, S. Chaple, M.T. Sanz, S. Ng, P. Lu, J. Jones, E. Carey, Paula Bourke

Articles

Direct cold plasma treatment has been investigated as an alternative non-thermal technology as a means of maintaining and improving quality of fresh cloudy apple juice. Process variables studied included type of plasma discharge, input voltage and treatment time on polyphenol oxidase (PPO) inactivation. Spark discharge plasma at 10.5 kV for 5 min was the best treatment, with near total inactivation of PPO achieved, although good PPO inactivation was also recorded using shorter treatment times. Residual activity (RA) of PPO was 16 and 27.6% after 5 and 4 min of treatment respectively. This PPO inactivation was maintained throughout the storage trials, …

From The Laboratory To The Vineyard—Evolution Of The Measurement Of Grape Composition Using Nir Spectroscopy Towards High-Throughput Analysis, Aoife Power, Vi Khanh Truong, James Chapman, Daniel Cozzolino

Articles

Compared to traditional laboratory methods, spectroscopic techniques (e.g., near infrared, hyperspectralimaging)provideanalystswithaninnovativeandimprovedunderstandingofcomplex issuesbydeterminingseveralchemicalcompoundsandmetabolitesatonce,allowingforthecollection of the sample “fingerprint”. These techniques have the potential to deliver high-throughput options for the analysis of the chemical composition of grapes in the laboratory, the vineyard and before or during harvest, to provide better insights of the chemistry, nutrition and physiology of grapes. Faster computers, the development of software and portable easy to use spectrophotometers and data analytical methods allow for the development of innovative applications of these techniques for the analyses of grape composition.

Two-Dimensional Correlation Analysis Of Raman Microspectroscopy Of Subcellular Interactions Of Drugs In Vitro, Hugh Byrne, Franck Bonnier, Zeineb Farhane

Articles

Two-dimensional (2D) correlation analysis is explored to data mine the time evolution of the characteristic Raman microspectroscopic signatures of the subcellular responses of the nucleoli of human lung cancer cells to the uptake of doxorubicin. A simulated dataset of experimental control spectra, perturbed with systematically time-dependent spectral changes, constituted by a short-term response which represents the initial binding of the drug in the nucleolus, followed by a longer term response of the organelle metabolism, is used to validate the analysis protocol. Applying 2D correlation analysis, the in phase, synchronous correlation coefficients are seen to contain contributions of both response profiles, …

Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis Of Therapeutic Solutions Using Raman And Infrared Spectroscopy, Alaa A. Makki, Franck Bonnier, Renaud Respaud, Fatma Chtara, Ali Tfayli, Clovis Tauber, Dominique Bertrand, Hugh Byrne, Elhadi Mohammed, Igor Chourpa

Articles

Anticancer drugs are prescribed and administrated to an increasing number of patients on a daily basis. As a consequence, a number of concerns have been raised about the patient health and safety in the case that the drugs administered are not at the required concentration or even worse not the correct ones. Quality control of therapeutic solutions has therefore been extensively implemented in hospital environments, in order to avoid any failure in the intense workflow faced by administering pharmacists. In the present study, infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy have been employed for the analysis of 3 commercially available therapeutic solutions …

Raman Spectroscopic Analysis Of Saliva For The Diagnosis Of Oral Cancer: A Systematic Review, Genecy Calado, Isha Behl, Amuthachelvi Daniel, Hugh Byrne, Fiona Lyng

Articles

Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and new protocols for routine and early detection are required. Raman spectroscopy is an optical based method that can provide sensitive and non-invasive real time detailed information on the biochemical content of a sample like saliva, through the unique vibrations of its constituent molecules and this is sensitive to changes associated with disease. A comprehensive systematic review of the available scientific literature related to Raman spectroscopy of human saliva for diagnosis of OSCC was performed. The 785 nm laser line was most applied wavelength along with …

Raman Spectroscopy Of Blood Plasma Samples From Breast Cancer Patients At Different Stages., H. F. Nargis, H. Nawaz, A. Ditta, T. Mahmood, N. Rashid, M. Muddassar, M. I. Majeed, H. N. Bhatti, M. Saleem, K. Jilani, Franck Bonnier, Hugh Byrne

Articles

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy.