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2007

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Articles 1 - 30 of 66

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Statistical Issues In Proteomic Research, Jeffrey S. Morris Dec 2007

Statistical Issues In Proteomic Research, Jeffrey S. Morris

Jeffrey S. Morris

No abstract provided.


Systemic And Mucosal Infection Program Protective Memory Cd8 T Cells In The Vaginal Mucosa., Thandi M. Onami, P. K. Suvas, H. M. Dech, J. Zeng Dec 2007

Systemic And Mucosal Infection Program Protective Memory Cd8 T Cells In The Vaginal Mucosa., Thandi M. Onami, P. K. Suvas, H. M. Dech, J. Zeng

Thandi M. Onami

Whether mucosal immunization is required for optimal protective CD8 T cell memory at mucosal surfaces is controversial. In this study, using an adoptive transfer system, we compare the efficacy of two routes of acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis viral infection on the generation, maintenance, and localization of Ag-specific CD8 T cells in tissues, including the vaginal mucosa. Surprisingly, at day 8, i.p. infection results in higher numbers of Ag-specific CD8 T cells in the vaginal mucosa and iliac lymph node, as well as 2-3x more Ag-specific CD8 T cells that coexpress both IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in comparison to the intranasal route of …


The Potential Role Of Probiotics In Reducing Poverty-Associated Infections In Developing Countries, Kingsley C. Anukam Oct 2007

The Potential Role Of Probiotics In Reducing Poverty-Associated Infections In Developing Countries, Kingsley C. Anukam

Kingsley C Anukam

Probiotics are defined by the Food and Agricultural Organization/ World Health Organization as “live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host” [1]. The potential benefits of their use have not been adequately investigated, especially in the developing world. Japan introduced Yakult, a probiotic fermented food drink in 1935, and in the Northern hemisphere, research and use of probiotics has gained an unprecedented momentum in the last decade [2]. Use of probiotics is not uncommon in Europe [3], but in many developing countries use of probiotics in its present definition is a foreign concept. …


Micropropagation Of Guava (Psidium Guajava L.), Rajesh Pati Oct 2007

Micropropagation Of Guava (Psidium Guajava L.), Rajesh Pati

Rajesh Pati

A foolproof method of micropropagation through in vitro shoot bud culture has been developed in guava cv. ‘Allahabad Safeda’. The stock plant of guava was maintained at shade net house (75% shade) and pruned severely to encourage new growth. Around 3 cm long shoots were excised and defoliated. The explants were pretreated in solution containing 0.1% Carbendazime and 100 mg/L PVP for 1 hour and then washed with Tween-20 wetting agent. The pretreated explants were further treated with HgCl2 0.1% for 5 minutes aseptically followed by six washing in autoclaved distilled water. The sterilized explants were cultured on MS medium …


The Pattern Of Β-Catenin-Responsiveness Within The Mammary Gland Is Regulated By Progesterone Receptor, Minoti Hiremath, John Lydon, Pamela Cowin Oct 2007

The Pattern Of Β-Catenin-Responsiveness Within The Mammary Gland Is Regulated By Progesterone Receptor, Minoti Hiremath, John Lydon, Pamela Cowin

Minoti Hiremath

Experiments involving β-catenin loss- and gain-of-function in the mammary gland have decisively demonstrated the role of this protein in normal alveologenesis. However, the relationship between hormonal and β-catenin signaling has not been investigated. In this study, we demonstrate that activated β-catenin rescues alveologenesis in progesterone receptor (PR; Pgr)-null mice during pregnancy. Two distinct subsets of mammary cells respond to expression of ΔN89β-catenin. Cells at ductal tips are inherently β-catenin-responsive and form alveoli in the absence of PR. However, PR activity confers β-catenin responsiveness to progenitor cells along the lateral ductal borders in the virgin gland. Once activated …


Lack Of Depolarization-Induced Suppression Of Inhibition (Dsi) In Layer 2/3 Interneurons That Receive Cannabinoid-Sensitive Inhibitory Inputs, Fouad Lemtiri-Chlieh, Eric S. Levine Sep 2007

Lack Of Depolarization-Induced Suppression Of Inhibition (Dsi) In Layer 2/3 Interneurons That Receive Cannabinoid-Sensitive Inhibitory Inputs, Fouad Lemtiri-Chlieh, Eric S. Levine

fouad Lemtiri-Chlieh

In layer 2/3 of neocortex, brief trains of action potentials in pyramidal neurons (PNs) induce the mobilization of endogenous cannabinoids (eCBs), resulting in a depression of GABA release from the terminals of inhibitory interneurons (INs). This depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI) is mediated by activation of the type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1) on presynaptic terminals of a subset of INs. However, it is not clear whether CB1 receptors are also expressed at synapses between INs, and whether INs can release eCBs in response to depolarization. In the present studies, brain slices containing somatosensory cortex were prepared from 14- to 21-day-old …


Floral Biology Of Physaria Ludoviciana (Brassicaceae), A Plant Rare To The Midwest, Ann E. Claerbout, Janice M. Coons, Henry R. Owen, Kenneth R. Robertson Sep 2007

Floral Biology Of Physaria Ludoviciana (Brassicaceae), A Plant Rare To The Midwest, Ann E. Claerbout, Janice M. Coons, Henry R. Owen, Kenneth R. Robertson

Henry R. Owen

Physaria ludoviciana (Brassicaceae) is rare in Illinois, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. Environmental effects on floral development are unclear. Both self-compatibility and self-incompatibility occur within Physaria species. Objectives were to describe flowers, to determine how photoperiod affects flower development, and to predict whether flowers are self-compatible or self-incompatible. For photoperiods, greenhouse-grown plants were placed in either 16 or 8 hr photoperiods. Inflorescences and open flowers were counted weekly. For pollination, flowers were self-pollinated or cross-pollinated. Plants developed inflorescences after 20 and 28 d in long and short days, respectively. Inflorescences/plant increased for both photoperiods throughout the study. In short days, plants produced …


Francisella Philomiragia Subsp. Noatunensis Subsp. Nov., Isolated From Farmed Atlantic Cod (Gadus Morhua L.), Torstein Tengs Sep 2007

Francisella Philomiragia Subsp. Noatunensis Subsp. Nov., Isolated From Farmed Atlantic Cod (Gadus Morhua L.), Torstein Tengs

Dr. Torstein Tengs

Seven bacterial isolates from farmed Atlantic cod displaying chronic granulomatous disease were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. The isolates were Gram-negative, facultatively intracellular, non-motile, strictly aerobic coccobacilli which produced H2S from cysteine-supplemented media and are therefore phenotypically consistent with members of the genus Francisella. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences and six partial housekeeping gene sequences (groEL, shdA, rpoB, rpoA, pgm and atpA) confirmed the organism as a member of the genus Francisella, with Francisella philomiragia as its closest relative (99.3% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, 92.2–99.0% housekeeping gene sequence similarity). Despite the close relationship with F. philomiragia, …


Nutrition Quackery—Wading Through The Science, Sarah L. Francis Sep 2007

Nutrition Quackery—Wading Through The Science, Sarah L. Francis

Sarah L. Francis

Nutrition quackery is misleading information about nutrition and health. This publication contains 10 red flags of junk science and questions to ask when looking at health information, products, and advertisements.


Add Some Spice To Your Life—Herb And Spice Lists, Sarah L. Francis Sep 2007

Add Some Spice To Your Life—Herb And Spice Lists, Sarah L. Francis

Sarah L. Francis

Herb and spice combinations for meats and for vegetables are suggested in this publication, which also contains proper herb-drying and spice use tips.


It's All In The Hands—Estimating Serving Sizes, Sarah L. Francis Sep 2007

It's All In The Hands—Estimating Serving Sizes, Sarah L. Francis

Sarah L. Francis

Our hands are the easiest way to estimate serving sizes when we the proper tools are not available. This publication shows how to use hands to estimate serving sizes.


Resilience In Ecology And Belief, Ram Ranjan Aug 2007

Resilience In Ecology And Belief, Ram Ranjan

Ram Ranjan

TThis paper explores the crucial linkage between societal risk perception and the survival of threatened ecosystems exhibiting non-linear stock dynamics. Perception of risk over specie’s importance and over its survival chances may be subject to resilience and therefore may differ from actual risks. Whereas, ecosystems stand a better chance of survival if they aren’t stressed beyond their resilience thresholds. When an ecosystem’s sustainability and the subjective perception of risks of their loss are both influenced by the stock of a common natural resource, several resource management outcomes are possible, not all of which may ensure the sustainability of the ecosystem. …


Water Walls: An Effective Option For High Performance Buildings, David A. Bainbridge Jul 2007

Water Walls: An Effective Option For High Performance Buildings, David A. Bainbridge

David A Bainbridge

Water wall thermal mass has been proven over the last 40 years on a wide range of residential and commercial projects in temperate and cold climates. It provides better thermal comfort and more efficient energy transfer at reasonable cost.


Achieving Economic And Ecological Resilience Through Natural Resource Management, Ram Ranjan Jul 2007

Achieving Economic And Ecological Resilience Through Natural Resource Management, Ram Ranjan

Ram Ranjan

Historically, the subsistence based lifestyles of small scale economies (SSEs) have avoided pushing the stock of their natural resources beyond thresholds where their resilience could be lost. However, rising frequencies of natural disasters coupled with a growing outside influence from the developed economies are increasingly putting pressure on the economic and natural resources of these societies. This paper explores the nature and role of inter-linkages between ecological and economic resilience in SSEs towards maintaining long term sustainability in the face of these external influences. It is shown that initial conditions associated with the stock of natural and physical capital could …


Barriers To Flow: The Effects Of Experimental Cage Structures On Water Velocities In High-Energy Subtidal And Intertidal Environments, Luke P. Miller, Brian Gaylord Jun 2007

Barriers To Flow: The Effects Of Experimental Cage Structures On Water Velocities In High-Energy Subtidal And Intertidal Environments, Luke P. Miller, Brian Gaylord

Luke P. Miller

For decades, marine ecologists have used cages as biological enclosure or exclosure devices to manipulate movement, growth, and survival of organisms. The ability to control the densities of focal organisms makes these structures a powerful tool. However, cages can often produce artifacts that influence the outcome of experiments. Although a subset of these artifacts have been examined previously, the effects of cages on water motion have not been adequately addressed from a quantitative standpoint, especially in high-flow environments. We targeted this data gap by explicitly measuring the fractional degree of velocity reduction inside a variety of experimental cage structures across …


Bibliografia De La Antoni Tapies, Armando Silva May 2007

Bibliografia De La Antoni Tapies, Armando Silva

armando silva

Exposición sobre el proyecto de imaginarios urbanos de armando silva en la fundación Antoni Tapies de Barcelona, mayo del 20007


Bibliografia De La Antoni Tapies, Armando Silva May 2007

Bibliografia De La Antoni Tapies, Armando Silva

armando silva

Exposición sobre el proyecto de imaginarios urbanos de armando silva en la fundación Antoni Tapies de Barcelona, mayo del 20007


Phenotypically Different Microalgal Morphospecies With Identical Ribosomal Rna: A Case Of Rapid Adaptive Evolution?, Torstein Tengs May 2007

Phenotypically Different Microalgal Morphospecies With Identical Ribosomal Rna: A Case Of Rapid Adaptive Evolution?, Torstein Tengs

Dr. Torstein Tengs

The agents driving the divergence and speciation of freeliving microbial populations are still largely unknown. We investigated the dinoflagellate morphospecies Scrippsiella hangoei and Peridinium aciculiferum, which abound in the Baltic Sea and in northern temperate lakes, respectively. Electron microscopy analyses showed significant interspecific differences in the external cellular morphology, but a similar plate pattern in the characteristic dinoflagellate armor. Experimentally, S. hangoei grew in a wide range of salinities (0–30), whereas P. aciculiferum only grew in low salinities (0–3). Despite these phenotypic differences and the habitat segregation, molecular analyses showed identical ribosomal DNA sequences (ITS1, ITS2, 5.8S, SSU, and partial …


Dislodged But Not Dead: Survivorship Of A High Intertidal Snail Following Wave Dislodgement, Luke P. Miller, Michael J. O'Donnell, Katharine J. Mach May 2007

Dislodged But Not Dead: Survivorship Of A High Intertidal Snail Following Wave Dislodgement, Luke P. Miller, Michael J. O'Donnell, Katharine J. Mach

Luke P. Miller

Waves breaking on rocky shorelines impart large forces on intertidal organisms, sometimes dislodging individuals. Dislodged individuals may be deposited in habitats that have a greater risk of predation or that prevent return to preferred regions on the shore. Thus, dislodgement is often assumed to be lethal. We experimentally dislodged Littorina keenae snails from high in the intertidal zone to test the likelihood of survival. Under a variety of wave conditions, we measured return rates to the high shore of 54–90%, so in this species, dislodgement is not equal to death. Snails showed a strong preference for returning to the approximate …


Effects Of Angiotensin 1-7 On The Actions Of Angiotensin Ii In The Renal And Mesenteric Vasculature Of Hypertensive And Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, Mohd Rais Mustafa, Murugan Dharmani, Francis I. Achike, Meng-Kwoon Sim Apr 2007

Effects Of Angiotensin 1-7 On The Actions Of Angiotensin Ii In The Renal And Mesenteric Vasculature Of Hypertensive And Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, Mohd Rais Mustafa, Murugan Dharmani, Francis I. Achike, Meng-Kwoon Sim

Mohd Rais Mustafa

Angiotensin 1-7, a heptapeptide derived from metabolism of either angiotensin I or angiotensin II, is a biologically active peptide of the renin–angiotensin system. The present study investigated the effect of angiotensin 1-7 on the vasopressor action of angiotensin II in the renal and mesenteric vasculature of Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Angiotensin II-induced dose-dependent vasoconstrictions in the renal vasculature. The pressor response was enhanced in the SHR and reduced in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat compared to WKY rats. Angiotensin 1-7 attenuated the angiotensin II pressor responses in the renal vasculature of WKY and SHR rats. …


Outsourcing The Packaging Function, Rihaz Z. Chughatta Apr 2007

Outsourcing The Packaging Function, Rihaz Z. Chughatta

Rihaz Z Chughatta

If you are currently working in the packaging department of a major corporation in the pharmaceutical, food or consumer products industry, you have probably been exposed to some form of outsourcing, which is a global trend that has emerged over the past decade, and continues to evolve, within the packaging field.


Patterns Of Ecosystem Fragmentation In Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya: A Look At Landscape Ecology (In Arabic) , Mansour M. Elbabour Apr 2007

Patterns Of Ecosystem Fragmentation In Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya: A Look At Landscape Ecology (In Arabic) , Mansour M. Elbabour

Mansour M Elbabour

Abstract Landscape fragmentation is a growing problem throughout the region of Jabal al-Akhdar in northeastern Libya where forest fragmentation has been a common occurrence in the past few decades. A greater part of the surviving shrub cover in the upper and lower terraces of Jabal al-Akhdar and their escarpments consist of isolated patches and disconnected corridors. The primary cause of fragmentation is agricultural development, especially clearing the land for dry farming. This paper presents some of the principles of landscape ecology as they pertain to the management of natural resources. A further aim is to enhance public awareness of the …


"Minimizing Injuries Resulting From Patient Handling In Nursing Home Staff" - A Hazard Control Plan, Vikas Singh Apr 2007

"Minimizing Injuries Resulting From Patient Handling In Nursing Home Staff" - A Hazard Control Plan, Vikas Singh

Vikas Singh

A concise hazard control plan for "Minimizing Injuries Resulting from Patient Handling In Nursing Home Staff".


Short Telomeres In Short-Lived Males: What Are The Molecular And Evolutionary Causes?, Stephanie Jemielity, Masayuki Kimura, Karen M. Parker, Joel D. Parker, Xiaojian Cao, Abraham Aviv, Laurent Keller Apr 2007

Short Telomeres In Short-Lived Males: What Are The Molecular And Evolutionary Causes?, Stephanie Jemielity, Masayuki Kimura, Karen M. Parker, Joel D. Parker, Xiaojian Cao, Abraham Aviv, Laurent Keller

Joel D Parker

Telomere length regulation is an important aspect of cell maintenance in eukaryotes, since shortened telomeres can lead to a number of defects, including impaired cell division. Although telomere length is correlated with lifespan in some bird species, its possible role in aging and lifespan determination is still poorly understood. Here we investigate telomere dynamics (changes in telomere length and attrition rate) and telomerase activity in the ant Lasius niger, a species in which different groups of individuals have evolved extraordinarily different lifespans. We found that somatic tissues of the short-lived males had dramatically shorter telomeres than those of the much …


Effects Of Cowpea Fortification And The Level Of Ripeness Of Plantain On The Nutritive Value Of Plantain Based Snack Foods , Ann Etsey, Esther Sakyi-Dawson, Samuel Sefa-Dedeh, Emmanuel Afoakwa, Kwaku Tano-Debrah, George Annor Apr 2007

Effects Of Cowpea Fortification And The Level Of Ripeness Of Plantain On The Nutritive Value Of Plantain Based Snack Foods , Ann Etsey, Esther Sakyi-Dawson, Samuel Sefa-Dedeh, Emmanuel Afoakwa, Kwaku Tano-Debrah, George Annor

George Amponsah Annor Mr.

To investigate effects of cowpea addition and level of ripeness of plantain on the nutritional and sensory characteristics of Kaklo and Ofam in Ghana, A 2X4 factorial experiment with firm and soft ripe plantain and cowpea fortification of 0, 10, 20 and 30% was designed. The proximate composition and acceptability of products using a 7-point hedonic scale were evaluated. With the addition of 30% cowpea, the protein content of the Kaklo from the firm ripe and soft ripe plantain increased from 2.92% to 7.32% and 3.65% to 8.05% respectively, whilst the protein of the Ofam from the firm and soft …


Melphalan Reduces The Severity Of Experimental Colitis In Mice By Blocking Tumor Necrosis Factor-Á Signaling Pathway, Galina Shmarina, Alexander Pukhalsky, Vladimir Alioshkin, Alex Sabelnikov Feb 2007

Melphalan Reduces The Severity Of Experimental Colitis In Mice By Blocking Tumor Necrosis Factor-Á Signaling Pathway, Galina Shmarina, Alexander Pukhalsky, Vladimir Alioshkin, Alex Sabelnikov

Alexander G Sabelnikov

No abstract provided.


Contamination Levels Of Selected Organochlorine And Organophosphate Pesticides In The Selangor River, Malaysia Between 2002 To 2003, Kok Hoong Leong Jan 2007

Contamination Levels Of Selected Organochlorine And Organophosphate Pesticides In The Selangor River, Malaysia Between 2002 To 2003, Kok Hoong Leong

Kok Hoong Leong

In Malaysia, rivers are the main source of public water supplies. This study was conducted from 2002 to 2003 to determine the levels of selected organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides in the Selangor River in Malaysia. Surface water samples have been collected seasonally from nine sites along the river. A liquid–liquid extraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry technique was used to determine the trace levels of these pesticide residues. The organochlorine pesticides detected were lindane, heptachlor, endosulfan, dieldrin, endosulfan sulfate, o,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDE whereas for organophosphate pesticides, they were chlorpyrifos and diazinon. At the river upstream where a dam …


Alaska At The Crossroads Of Migration: Space-Based Ornithology, Jill L. Deppe, K Wessels, J A. Smith Jan 2007

Alaska At The Crossroads Of Migration: Space-Based Ornithology, Jill L. Deppe, K Wessels, J A. Smith

Jill L Deppe

Understanding bird migration on a global scale is one of the most compelling and challenging problems of modern biology. Each year multitudes of migratory birds travel between breeding grounds in Alaska and wintering grounds in the Americas, Asia, and Australia. Here we present the conceptual framework for a spatially explicit, individual-based biophysical migration model driven by dynamic remote sensing observations of atmospheric and land surface conditions to simulate migration routes, timing, energy budgets, and probability of survival. Understanding temporal and spatial patterns of bird migration will provide insight into pressing conservation and human health issues related to this taxonomic group.


Review Of Breeding Field Crops, 5th Ed., Henry R. Owen Jan 2007

Review Of Breeding Field Crops, 5th Ed., Henry R. Owen

Henry R. Owen

No abstract provided.


Review Of Dictionary Of Plant Tissue Culture, Henry R. Owen Jan 2007

Review Of Dictionary Of Plant Tissue Culture, Henry R. Owen

Henry R. Owen

No abstract provided.